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The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of ESG ratings on firm’s credit ratings for real estate investment trusts in the USA. Through a quantitative research methodology, a panel data regression analysis is used in order to examine the effect of ESG rating on firms’ credit ratings. The sample used in our study consists of a set of unbalanced panel data consisting of 3,470 firm-month
Sea surface temperature and salinity are important variables for understanding many ocean and climate processes. They can be measured both by in situ sensors and satellite remote sensing, each method with its own advantages and disadvantages. Satellite data provides unmatched spatial and temporal coverage on a global scale, but is limited by its spatial resolution which cannot always resolve varia
Abstract of chapter 1 For n >= 2 the number of mixing n-step subshifts of finite type (sft) over the alphabet {0, 1} is proven to be at least 15/16 times the number of transitive n-step sfts. A conjecture assumes the latter to be at least 2^(3*2^(n-1)-n). Abstract of chapter 2 The alternating colouring function is defined. Strings over the alphabet {0, 1} are divided in colourable and non-colouraImagine an of characters A and B. Such can be thought of as a paper strip with As and Bs written on it, one end of which one holds in the hand while the other stretches over the horizon without ever ending. Or as a calculator that displays a new character each second. Or as a printer with an infinite amount of paper and ink that unfortunately only prints As and Bs. In contrast to infinite strings
EU:s statsstödsregler är en del av EU-rätten som har haft stor inflytelse i konkurrenspolitiken bland medlemsländerna. Sverige har under sina 25 års medlemskap inom EU har påverkats och det berör dessutom kommunernas handlingsmöjligheter med att sälja offentliga markområden eller fastigheter till privata aktörer. Denna uppsats kommer att fokusera sig på otillåtna kommunala överlåtelser som anses sEU’s State Aid rules are a part of the EU law that have had great influence in the competition politics amongst the member states of the EU. Sweden has been highly affected by these rules during its 25 years membership in the EU, and it is affecting the ability for the municipalities to sell public land or buildings to private actors. This thesis is going to mainly focus on the unauthorized transf
Media shapes the public´s perceptions of social problems and how we understand the people affected by them. This study investigates the shaping of dual diagnosis, a concept that refers to the co-occurrence of a mental illness and substance use, a phenomena that has gained increased prominence in the last decades. While those suffering from dual diagnosis rarely have their voices heard in research,
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to examine posts in the facebook group“Försäkringskassanupproret!” and it’s discontent with the Swedish Social Insurance Agencyas a part in a larger critique of the welfare state and its institutions. To do this we developed atheoretical framework out of the literature surrounding grievance and framing through whichwe analyzed our research material. The mater
Bakgrund och problemdiskussion: Överkonsumtion är ett av alla hållbarhetsproblem i dagens samhälle. I och med detta har återbruk blivit mer efterfrågat och konsumtion av begagnade produkter och reparationsservice ökar. I samband med denna trend blir det populärt för företag att implementera cirkulära affärsmodeller. I affärsmodeller syns de logistiska funktionerna, där ett logistiskt bakåtflöde ka
Hypervelocity stars, på svenska hyperhastighetsstjärnor, är stjärnor som observerats med så hög hastighet att de kan lämna vår galax, Vintergatan. Den första hyperhastighetsstjärnan upptäcktes av R. Brown m. fl. (2005), och sedan dess har många fler upptäckts. J. G.Hills presenterade (1988) en teori om att hyperhastighetsstjärnor härstammar från binära stjärnor (två stjärnor som kretsar varandra) In this thesis, I investigate if the binaries that are being tidally disrupted by means of the Hills mechanism, producing hypervelocity stars, could have been transported to the galactic centre by two-body scattering. To survive a scattering event, the binary must be hard, meaning that the binding energy of the binary is higher than the kinetic energy of the collider. If the binary is soft, the bi
Vind, sol och en hel del dynga Innan den sydafrikanska dyngbaggen Kheper lamarcki kan kasta sig över sin gourmetmåltid måste den ta sig bort från dynghögen och den hastigt ökande konkurrensen. Det mest effektiva sättet att åstadkomma detta på är att backa i en rak linje. Hur lyckas man med detta om man är en dyngbagge? Studier har visat att dessa baggar har förmågan att utnyttja himlavalvets olikOnce the South African dung beetle Kheper lamarcki has constructed its ball of dung, it strives to escape the competition at the dung pile and locate soft ground to dig down. The most efficient way to do this is to move away along a straight path. One way to achieve this is by using celestial cues as orientation references. However, when these cues fail to provide sufficient directional informatio
The Convention of the Rights of the Child has become Swedish law as of January 1st 2020. The convention raises every childs’ right to development, of which spiritual development is one part. The matter of spirituality and existential questions has had a marginalized role in Swedish research. The interest is however increasing. The poor mental health amongst children and young people in Sweden is,
Purpose: This study aims to explore the phenomenon of social influence in driving environmentally friendly tourist behaviors. Methodology: To obtain deep and diverse insights about the phenomenon, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with respondents representing 13 nationalities. Results: This study revealed that contemporary tourists obtain two conflicting messages from their social en
This thesis examines the resistance created towards the prospects of a mine in the agricultural countryside of Skåne, Sweden. A growing discourse in Swedish media emphasizes mineral extraction as a vital part of a green future due to minerals’ importance for promotion of new modes of energy. At the same time, a resistance has been mobilized against such test drilling in Skåne. Based on anthropolog
Studier visar på att det finns bristfällig forskning om arbetsterapeuters arbete med sexuell hälsa. Syftet: Att undersöka arbetsterapeuters arbete med sexuell hälsa hos individer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning inom daglig verksamhet och vuxenhabilitering. Metod: Kvantitativ enkätstudie där 30 stycken arbetsterapeuter rekryterades via icke-slumpmässigt bekvämlighetsurval och snöbollsurval. Studies show that there is insufficient research on occupational therapists (OT) work on sexual health. Purpose: Investigate OT’s work on sexual health with individuals with intellectual disabilities in day-centres and adult habilitation. Method: A quantitative survey study where 30 OT’s were recruited via nonrandom convenience selection and snowball selection. Quantitative data were analyzed with
The interest around blockchain technology (BT) has spread for the last decade from academia and industry. Meanwhile, there is a lack of studies on the acceptance and use of blockchain within the Nordic countries. This research provides an exploration of blockchain acceptance and use combined with the identification of factors generating value through this technology. We highlight factors that infl
Idag konsumeras det som aldrig förr, samtidigt som hållbarhetsfrågan tar allt större utrymme i debatten kring konsumtion. Det har lett till att konsumenten söker efter andra konsumtionsalternativ, ur vilket fenomenet delningsekonomin har växt fram. Delningsekonomin har i många fall betraktats som ett optimistiskt konsumtionsalternativ, eftersom det för med sig mindre klimatpåverkan än den traditio
Aim: This thesis aims to develop a deeper understanding of how junior and senior preschool teachers engage in knowledge sharing and learning in a public sector organisation as well as how their knowledge sharing and learning behaviour is being challenged. Literature Review: Our literature review focuses on knowledge and knowledge sharing and relates it specifically to the public sector which corre
Den här uppsatsen behandlar förflutna framtider. I fokus för undersökningen står en större svensk liberal och urban kultursfär som inkluderar delar av Sverige och Svensk-Amerika under 1900-talets fyra första decennier. Undersökningens källmaterial utgörs av nyårskrönikor i Dagens Nyheter och Svenska Amerikanska Posten under årsskiftena 1904 till 1935. Metodiskt undersöks materialet komparativt genThis thesis examines the cultures of the future (framtidskulturer) during the first four decades of the 20th century in a large Swedish urban and liberal cultural sphere including Sweden and Swedish America. The source material consists of New Year chronicles in the newspapers Dagens Nyheter and Svenska Amerikanska Posten between 1904 and 1935. By examining the historical futures in the Swedish an
This thesis explores the link between hybrid warfare and the notion of armed attack in that it asks the question of whether the notion of armed attack is competent to encompass hybrid warfare. The thesis is approached in two parts. In the first part, Chapter two describes the legal framework surrounding the notion of armed attack as a threshold in triggering the use of force in self defence. The t
Det begagnades gagn I Sverige köps det årligen möbler för 26 miljarder kronor. En stor del av möblerna slängs vid flytt eller när de anses vara uttjänta. Experter menar att om ett kontor köper in återanvända möbler istället för nya sparar de ungefär 2 000 000 kronor och minskar klimatpåverkan med omkring 60 ton koldioxid vilket motsvarar drygt sju passagerarflygplan till Thailand tur och retur. This thesis was conducted to quantitatively describe environmental and economic benefits from reuse of office furniture together with a status analysis of methods used to calculate that kind of data. Information was gathered from literature and interviews with industry players. The results from the different sources were initially presented separately and later compiled to demonstrate what they in
Båtklubben i Kiviks hamn har länge upplevt problem med stora vågor i hamnbassängen. Denna studie ämnar att fastslå vilka vågförhållanden och fenomen som ger upphov till dessa problem, samt att föreslå åtgärder. En undersökning av vågklimatet utanför hamnen utförs med hjälp av en enkel modell, kallad SPM, som beräknar en tidsserie vågor utifrån meteorologisk och geografisk data. För att kartlägga vThe yacht club in Kivik marina has experienced problems with large waves in the harbour basin for a long time. This study aims to determine the wave conditions and phenomena that give rise to these problems, and to propose measures. An investigation of the wave climate outside the harbour is carried out using a simple model, called SPM, which calculates a time series of waves based on meteorologic
