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This thesis examines the interpretation of fundamental breach under Article 25 of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, focusing on judicial divergences between Germany and France in the context of supply-chain disruptions occurring between 2019 and 2025. Article 25 establishes substantial deprivation of contractual expectations as the gateway to avoidance

In recent years, the issue of algorithmic bias in systems has gradually drawn the European Union’s attention to the relationship between data protection and non-discrimination principles. To detect and mitigate bias in high-risk AI systems, developers often need to process special categories of personal data such as information relating to race, gender or health. However, Article 9 of the GDPR pro

This thesis addresses two research questions: first, how the advertising and investment functions of trademarks impact the threshold for trademark infringement in keyword advertising; second, what is the legal scope of the liability limitations applicable to search engine providers in keyword advertising under EU law and what are the structural consequences of this framework for trademark enforcem

Modern cloud-based machine learning (ML) services raise significant privacy concerns, as users must share potentially sensitive data with service providers. Private Decision Tree Evaluation (PDTE) addresses this by allowing encrypted queries to be evaluated against a model without revealing either party’s data, typically using Homomorphic Encryption (HE). While existing HE-based frameworks have de

Surgical education is traditionally based on apprenticeship and supervised practice, but limited availability of experienced surgeons, restricted access to training cases, and subjective feedback create challenges for efficient surgical training. Solutions utilizing machine learning and computer vision for automating instrument tracking and automated phase recognition have been investigated in lap

This Thesis presents the design and investigation of high-frequency fundamental VCO(Voltage controlled oscillator) and injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFDs) for millimeter-wave (mmWave) and sub-terahertz (sub-THz) communication systems. A magnetically tuned voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) and magnetically tuned ILFD pair are proposed for sub-THz applications. The 140 GHz fundamental VCO

Despite the significant advances in cancer genomics, identifying all cancer drivers (CDs) remains a challenge. Most of the existing approaches rely heavily on mutational data, while emerging research has started to put focus on epigenetic regulation in cancer development. This is why the OriGENE model —a convolutional neural network (CNN) was developed to classify CDs based on H3K4me3 histone modi

När de flesta ser eller hör talas om träds årsringar, är deras första tanke troligen att man uppskatta ett träds ålder genom att räknar ringarna. Om man skulle analysera ringarna mer noggrant och mäter deras tjocklek, kan de bidra till att reda ut mysterier kring tidigare klimat och växtförhållande. Det intressanta med trädringar är, att de växer tjockare under varma och gynnsamma förhållanden än In the field of dendrochronology, scientists work with the process of ordering different trees in time by using their annual tree ring width (TRW). The TRW data are logged in time series and cross-dated with each other to find out in which period of time they both were alive. The two TRW series are then conjoined by taking the average of their ring widths in each overlapping year, and this can be

Cybersecurity has never been more relevant than it is today, as attacks become increasingly sophisticated. To keep devices safe from threats, a new type of smart firewall has become an active area of research. This type of firewall can dynami- cally configure itself based on incoming network traffic using reinforcement learn- ing. This research has shown promising results; however, its impact on r

Den materia vi känner till, atomerna som bygger upp planeter, stjärnor, gasmoln och galaxer, utgör bara en liten del av universums totala energiinnehåll. Resten består till största del av mörk materia och mörk energi. Mörk materia är materia som inte kan observeras med ljus, men vars gravitationella påverkan är nödvändig för att förklara hur galaxer roterar, hur galaxhoper hålls samman och hur strThis thesis investigates the possibility of dark matter arising from a confining dark SU(N) Yang-Mills sector with N=3,4,5. First, standard results from the established single-scalar-glueball framework are reviewed and numerically reproduced in order to follow the cosmological evolution through the confinement phase transition and extract the relic abundance. The results reproduce the expected qua

This thesis explores the possibility of using extended Berkeley Packet Filter (eBPF) to implement inline security enforcement for containerized workloads. The objective is to automatically create profiles for runtime enforcement within cloud environments such as Kubernetes. A key feature of eBPF programs is that they can attach to various different kernel events, similar to the Linux Security Modu

Revisorn i Sverige idag innehar en viktig uppgift. Detta då han eller hon har som huvuduppgift att granska och kontrollera att ett bolags förvaltning och rapportering är korrekt. Utöver detta har revisorn enligt 9 kap. 42–44 §§ aktiebolagslagen en skyldighet att vidta åtgärder om denne, vid sin granskning av bolaget, skulle finna misstankar om att ett brott har begåtts. Syftet med denna uppsats haThe auditor in Sweden today has an important task. This is because his or her main responsibility is to review and ensure that a company´s management and reports are accurate. In addition to this, the auditor has an obligation to act due to Chapter 9, Sections 42-44 the Swedish Companies Act if, during the audit of the company, he or she discovers suspicions that a crime has been committed within

Under 1700- och 1800-talet var judars rättigheter i Sverige starkt begrän-sade. Genom 1782 års judereglemente tilläts judar bosätta sig i Sverige under särskilda villkor samtidigt som de var föremål för omfattande re-striktioner. Under 1800-talet blev frågan om judars rättigheter och den ju-diska emancipationen ett omdebatterat ämne i Sveriges riksdag. År 1838 fick judar utökade rättigheter genom During the 18th and 19th centuries, the rights of Jews in Sweden were seve-rely restricted. Under the Jew Statute of 1782, Jews were permitted to settle in Sweden under certain conditions, while at the same time being subject to extensive restrictions. During the 19th century, the question of Jewish rights and Jewish emancipation was a heavily debated topic in the Swedish parliament. In 1838, Jews

Fram till 1976 var föräldrars möjligheter till gemensam vårdnad begränsade. Vårdnadsformen var endast tillåten för gifta föräldrar som bodde tillsammans. Sedan dess har reglerna om gemensam vårdnad genomgått en omfattande reformering. I uppsatsen undersöks om synen på gemensam vårdnad har förändrats över tid i svensk rätt. Detta sker genom två delstudier. Den första delstudien är rättsdogmatisk ocUntil 1976, parents’ options for joint custody were limited. This type of child custody was only permitted for married parents living together. Since then, the rules on joint custody have undergone extensive reform. This thesis examines whether the view of joint custody has changed over time in Swedish law. This is done through two sub-studies. The first sub-study is legal-dogmatic and addresses h

Aims:The Evangelical-Lutheran Swedish Church was separated from the state in 2000. In the 2001–2025 elections to the church meeting, a trend of increasing support for political/theological extremes can be discerned. The aim is to investigate these trends in terms of Sartori’s concept polarized pluralism, which was later modified.Results:The political/theological center which consists of the SocialAims: The Evangelical-Lutheran Swedish Church was separated from the state in 2000. In the 2001–2025 elections to the church meeting, a trend of increasing support for political/theological extremes can be discerned. The aim is to investigate these trends in terms of Sartori’s concept polarized pluralism, which was later modified. Results: The political/theological center which consists of the Soc

Objective: The aim was to investigate associations between dental healthcare utilization and all-cause, cardiovascular (CVD), cancer, and other-cause mortality. Materials and methods: A postal public health survey was distributed in the autumn of 2008 to a strat-ified random sample of the population aged 18–80 in Scania, southern Sweden (response rate 54.1%). Baseline survey data were linked to mo

Understanding the recombination landscape is crucial for revealing the extent of its variation across the tree of life and for uncovering its underlying causes and evolutionary consequences. Among the many factors influencing recombination rates, polymorphic inversions are particularly important modifiers. Increasingly, complex inversion landscapes are being documented across diverse taxa, and det

BACKGROUND/AIMS: This study represents an external validation with model updating of the online DIGIROP-Prescreen and DIGIROP-Screen 2.0 prediction models, incorporating ≥14 days of parenteral nutrition as an additional predictor, to identify infants requiring treatment for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in a contemporary Swedish cohort, estimate potential cost savings and compare DIGIROP perfor

OBJECTIVE: Emergency department length of stay (EDLOS) is linked to crowding and patient outcomes whereas worse prognosis in low socioeconomic status remains poorly understood. We studied whether income was associated with ED process times among patients with chest pain.METHODS: This was a registry-based cohort study on 124,980 patients arriving at 14 Swedish EDs between 2015 and 2019 with chest p

Lime-cement mixing is a method used for ground improvement of clay soils. Before mixing at a field site, laboratory samples are prepared and tested to decide the amount of lime-cement binder needed to reach the desired material strength. Strength measurements are not possible before a sample hardens, and the test process to predict final strength takes 30 days. Resistivity measurements are possibl