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Given a capacitated telecommunications network with single path routing and an estimated traffic demand matrix, we aim to determine the routing path of each traffic commodity such that the whole set of paths provide an optimal network load balancing. In a recent paper, we have proposed a column generation based heuristic where, in the first step, we use column generation to solve a linear programm
Multi-functionality and the provision of eco-system services are politically highly prioritised aspects of farming. This study uses a Symmetric Generalised McFadden cost function to analyze the relationship between costs of production and the provision of biodiversity for Swedish milk farms. Biodiversity indicators are based on the number of valuable plant species present at the farm and are model
The climate in the Arctic is changing faster than anywhere else on earth. Poorly understood feedback processes relating to Arctic clouds and aerosol-cloud interactions contribute to a poor understanding of the present changes in the Arctic climate system, and also to a large spread in projections of future climate in the Arctic. The problem is exacerbated by the paucity of research-quality observa
The free volume properties of a poly(methyl methacrylate)-azobenzene copolymer were for the first time directly probed by use of a low-energy positron lifetime beam with in-situ excitation capabilities, showing that the free volume cavity size was not appreciably influenced by photoisomerization and thermal isomerization in the temperature range 34-180 degreesC. lsomerization is therefore suggeste
A new implementation of the approximate coupled cluster singles and doubles CC2 linear response model using Cholesky decomposition of the two-electron integrals is presented. Significantly reducing storage demands and computational effort without sacrificing accuracy compared to the conventional model, the algorithm is well suited for large-scale applications. Extensive basis set convergence studi
Finite resources and increasing rate of consumption have made efficiency a key component in every energy consuming sector. The building industry, as a major contributor, has been the target of various initiatives and regulations aiming to lower its impact with varying degrees of success. Measurement of this impact has not always been easy, especially for buildings not yet built. Therefore, simulat
I vår tids globaliserade värld med tilltagande turism, utlandsarbete och studier på utländska lärosäten ökar även förekomsten av transnationella kärleksrelationer. Människor träffas, blir förälskade och vill leva tillsammans. Denna kvalitativa studie handlar om kvinnor och män som har migrerat till Sverige på grund av nyetablerad kärleksrelation med en person från Sverige eller annat nordiskt land
I denna uppsats har jag utrett vilka kriterier som uppställs för att fastställa inre väpnad konflikt i svensk rätt. Jag undersöker också hur kriterierna fastställs även i EU-rätten och i den internationella humanitära folkrätten gällande inre väpnad konflikt då båda dessa områden starkt påverkar den inhemska tillämpningen av begreppet. Genom att undersöka framförallt Diakité-domen har jag konstate
Röstlikhet hos enäggstvillingar är ett relativt outforskat ämne inom fonetiken. De få studier som har gjorts har dock fastslagit att enäggstvillingar har väldigt lika röster. De flesta studier som gjorts har varit perceptoriska, dvs. de har testat huruvida skillnaden i enäggstvillingars röster är hörbar och i vilken utsträckning. Det faktum att man vet väldigt lite om ämnet gjorde att arbetet med
I fokus för denna undersökning står Bushadministrationens argumentation och retorik kring invasionen av Irak då den inleddes våren 2003. Utgångspunkten är teorier om, och en hypotes kring att det råder en kristen diskurs i den amerikanska politiken, som formar politikens uttryckssätt och framställning, bl.a. genom en tendens att dela upp världen i goda och onda, och att koppla respektive läger til
The German Federal Fiscal Court has in its decision from the 11th of December 2013 announced doubts of the constitutionality of a German national provision, including a treaty override, with the Constitution. This paper is aimed at shedding some light on the reasons for this decision, to give an outlook on the still pending decision of the highest German constituional court and to name influences
We report on the second case of a reed warbler x great reed warbler hybrid (Acrocephalus scirpaceus and A. arundinaceus). The bird was captured during a standardised ringing session in Belgium in autumn 1999, and fell between the parental species in all measurements. Molecular analyses of two microsatellite loci verified that the bird was a female that had a reed warbler father and a great reed wa
Background The Euglycemic Hyperinsulinemic Clamp (EHC) is the most widely used experimental procedure for the determination of insulin sensitivity, and in its usual form the patient is followed under insulinization for two hours. In the present study, sixteen subjects with BMI between 18.5 and 63.6 kg/m2 were studied by long-duration (five hours) EHC. Results From the results of this series and f
Abstract in French Cet article pose la question de savoir s’il existe une corrélation entre le niveau grammatical et le niveau lexical dans la production écrite d’apprenants de français langue étrangère. Nous avons appliqué un certain nombre d’indices quantitatifs et lexicaux et un indice grammatical à 40 textes en français, écrits par deux groupes d’apprenants adultes suédophones se situant à desThe paper addresses the question of whether there is a correlation between the grammatical developmental level and the lexical developmental level in the written production of learners of French as a foreign language. We have applied a number of quantitative and lexical measures and one grammatical measure to 40 texts in French written by two groups Swedish adults with different proficiency levels
An excess mortality is well described after vertebral fracture. Deaths are in part related to co-morbidity, but could also be due to the fracture event itself, either directly or indirectly. The aim of this study was to examine the quantum and pattern of mortality following vertebral fracture. We identified 16,051 men and women aged 50 years or more with a vertebral fracture that required hospital
Dry, wet, dense, and dilute granular flows have been previously considered fundamentally different and thus described by distinct, and in many cases incompatible, rheologies. We carry out extensive simulations of granular flows, including wet and dry conditions, various geometries and driving mechanisms (boundary driven, fluid driven, and gravity driven), many of which are not captured by standard
In spite of the fact that negation has been the focus of many studies, the way it is processed in human communication still eludes us. Previous studies of negation using event-related potentials (ERPs) have reported inconclusive results as to whether or not negation poses difficulties for processing. While some have found that negation is initially ignored and incongruities in negated sentences do
