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A FT-NIR (Fourier-Transform Near Infrared) model for moisture content has been developed for whole seeds of Swedish rapeseed (Brassica napus) by the conditions given during the harvest of 2014. Compared to Internal standardized (ISO) method 665, the final model showed very small differences in terms of repeatability and measurement uncertainty even though the measurement time was four times faster
Introduction – On-site sanitation systems (OSS) are the primary sanitation technology used to manage household fecal sludge in the Global South, including Kigali City. Poor quality OSS can lead to the spread of fecal-oral diseases and water resource pollution. Previous studies have demonstrated that OSS in Kigali are ineffective. In 2018, the Rwanda Standards Board adopted ISO 24521 to guide the d
Nutrient uptake by forest trees is dependent on ectomycorrhizal (EM) mycelia that grow out into the soil from the mycorrhizal root tips. We estimated the production of EM mycelia in root free samples of pure spruce and mixed spruce-oak stands in southern Sweden as mycelia grown into sand-filled mesh bags placed at three different soil depths (0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm). The mesh bags were collected
Background: Treatment decisions can be difficult in men with low-risk prostate cancer (PCa). Objective: To evaluate the ability of a panel of four kallikrein markers in blood-total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), free PSA, intact PSA, and kallikrein-related peptidase 2-to distinguish between pathologically insignificant and aggressive disease on pathologic examination of radical prostatectomy (RP
Temperature measurements in trunks and branches in a mature ca. 100 years-old mixed pine and spruce forest in central Sweden were used to estimate the heat storage in the tree biomass. The estimated heat flux in the sample trees and data on biomass distributions were used to scale up to stand level biomass heat fluxes. The rate of change of sensible and latent heat storage in the air layer below t
The abuse of flunitrazepam (FZ) compounds is worldwide, and several studies have reflected on the consequences with regard to violence, aggression and criminal lifestyle of FZ users. Criminals take high doses of FZ or some other benzodiazepines to "calm down" before the planned crime. There is support from earlier studies that most likely, all benzodiazepines may increase aggression in vulnerable
Purpose: To evaluate: (i) the relationship between intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction attained with a fixed treatment protocol and the untreated IOP level; (ii) the consistency of IOP reduction over time; and (iii) whether there is a threshold pretreatment IOP level below which IOP reduction might be less effective. Results are based on 128 patients with glaucoma with field defects, who were ran
Globally, the food and energy demands of the growing global population are rising and require increased agricultural production. Additionally, climate change will have adverse effects on agricultural productivity. Technological change can contribute to closing yield gaps and reducing post-harvest losses, but needs to be facilitated through investments and education. Considering the multiple driver
The present thesis concerns middle-aged women’s subjective well-being (SWB). The interest is focused on the importance of childhood factors, social circumstances, and personality for middle-aged women’s general SWB. Data were taken from the longitudinal research program Individual Development and Adaptation (IDA, Magnusson & Bergman, 2000) and concerned a sample of about 300 women. The main an
The action of three matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), 72- and 95-kDa gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and PUMP (MMP-7), and a cysteine proteinase, cathepsin B, were investigated on aggrecan the major proteoglycan of cartilage. All the enzymes cleaved aggrecan although the activity of the 95-kDa gelatinase was very low. Specific cleavage sites were investigated following incubation with a purified agg
1. In intensively farmed agricultural landscapes, many species are confined to very small uncultivated areas such as field margins. However, it has been suggested that these small habitat elements cannot support viable populations of all the species observed there. Instead, species richness and abundance in these small habitat fragments may, at least partly, be dependent on dispersal from larger s
1. The massive growth of large, toxic cyanobacteria in eutrophic waters has traditionally been explained by their evolution of defences to herbivorous zooplankton. These conclusions come mostly from studies using the large-bodied cladoceran Daphnia as a grazer model. In contrast, very little is known about the effects of other zooplankters such as copepods and small cladocerans that, unlike Daphni
Stroke and in this case cerebral infarction affects 20 million people each year and five million of them die. In Sweden 30-35000 people will be affected and one of three of them will be severely disabled. In addition, one of six will suffer a new stroke within six years. The cause of stroke is usually a vessel in the brain that is blocked, resulting in massive neuronal cell death. Since treatment
Background: Array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) is commonly used to screen different types of genetic variation in humans and model species. Here, we performed aCGH using an oligonucleotide gene-expression array for a non-model species, the intertidal snail Littorina saxatilis. First, we tested what types of genetic variation can be detected by this method using direct re-sequencing and
This work presents the first data from a calculation engine for synchrotron Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT) implemented in the EclipseTM Treatment Planning System from Varian Medical Services. The calculation engine constitutes a simple pencil beam algorithm estimating ‘peak’ dose and of Monte Carlo simulated Peak Valley Dose Ratios (PVDRs) that are used to obtain ‘valley’ dose. The aim of this
Below every building there is a different type of foundation work, it can comprise point carried piles or floating piles that pursues down the loads in the ground. A foundation work without piles could also be used, but big subsidence can arise in particular at bigger building constructions, it is however most important that the differentiate subsidence becomes too big. These subsidences can influ
The Sahel lies in the semi-arid zone of North Africa between the Sahara Desert to the north and the savannas and rainforest to the south. In the Sahel, the variability of vegetation growth is predominately controlled by moisture reception in the concurrent rainy season. The inter-annual variability of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) during the rainy season (April to August) can be ex
The realisation of the inner market meant that all border controls between the Member States of the European Community were to disappear, so that the four freedoms, workers, capital, services and goods, could cross the borders without problems. But in order to keep the security in a Community with no borders, the external border controls had to be strengthened. This was necessary to keep out drugs
Det finns i detta nu en pågående debatt inom den offentliga upphandlingen kring huruvida det är en för samhället positiv sak att i samband med upphandlingsprocessen ställa krav på att leverantören lever upp till vissa sociala åtaganden. De senaste årens utveckling har resulterat i att EU i allt större utsträckning uppmuntrar upphandlande myndigheter att använda sig av sociala hänsyn i sina upphandThere is, as we speak, an on-going debate within the area of public procurement, about whether the society has something to gain by setting social requirements on suppliers in the procurement process. The last years’ development has resulted in that the EU in a wider range encourage government bodies to take social concerns in public procurement, with the purpose to reach the common goals that the
Mat som kontaminerats av radionuklider genom till exempel radioaktivt nedfall kan ge höga stråldoser till kroppen. Nuklider med långa halveringstider kan ackumuleras i kroppen och ge en hög tidsintegrerad absorberad dos. Personer med kronisk njursvikt kan erhålla höga stråldoser efter intag av radionuklider eftersom många radionuklider utsöndras via njurarna. I den här undersökningen har vi studerHigh internal radiation doses can result from food, contaminated by radionuclides from for example nuclear fallout. Nuclides with long half-lifes can accumulate in the body and give a high time-integrated absorbed dose. Persons with end-stage renal disease can receive high absorbed doses after intake of radionuclides, since many radionuclides are mainly excreted by the kidneys. In this study the d
