Search results

ImportanceThe management of complications following oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) surgery can be challenging. Previous studies show conflicting results on complication risks after preoperative radiotherapy (RT), necessitating a randomized controlled trial (RCT).ObjectiveTo compare early complications during hospitalization for OCSCC surgery between patients receiving preoperative acc

The unclear link between intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) could depend on genetic differences between individuals. Minor alleles of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ∆5 fatty acid desaturase (FADS) 1 gene were associated with lower blood concentrations of long-chain ω-3 (n-3) and ω-6 (n-6) PUFAs, indicating an associated loss of fun

The current epidemiologic evidence suggests that men with type 2 diabetes mellitus may be at lower risk of developing prostate cancer, but little is known about its association with stage and grade of the disease. The association between self-reported diabetes mellitus at recruitment and risk of prostate cancer was examined in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Background: Both caveolin-1 (CAV1) and insulin-like growth factor bindings protein 7 (IGFBP7) have been linked to angiogenesis, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor 1 (IGF-1R) signaling, and the tumor microenvironment. However, CAV1 and IGFBP7 have not yet been adequately characterized and investigated as potential prognostic or treatment-predictive biomarkers at the genomic, transcriptomic,

Med en ökande åldrande befolkning kommer antalet vårdbehövande äldre med kognitiva funktionsnedsättningar (olika former av demenssjukdomar) att öka. Uppsatsens syfte är att undersöka förhållandet mellan äldre personers självbestämmanderätt kontra deras behov av vård. Vård kan inte ges utan den enskildes samtycke, om inte undantag finns uttryckt i lag. Ett giltigt samtycke kräver att den enskilde As the number of elderly people in the population grows, the number of elderly people who suffer from cognitive disabilities (different forms of dementia) who require care grows as well. The purpose of the thesis is to examine the relationship between elderly people’s autonomy and their need of care. Care cannot be given without consent from the individual unless there are exceptions stated in th

Den legala arvsordningen ska garantera att en bröstarvinge får del av föräldrarnas egendom när de dör. I Sverige ska den del en bröstarvinge är garanterad vara hälften av kvarlåtenskapen delat med antalet bröstarvingar. Denna del kallas laglott. Detta innebär en begränsning av en förälders rätt att testamentera bort egendom. Endast hälften av en förälders egendom kan fritt fördelas utanför den leg

Uppehållstillstånd i Sverige kan ges bl.a. på grund av familjeanknytning. Ett av de grundläggande kraven för att uppehållstillstånd på grund av familjeanknytning ska beviljas är kravet på styrkt identitet. Den sökande styrker sin identitet på ett godtagbart sätt, som utgångspunkt genom att uppvisa ett hemlandspass eller annan fotoförsedd identitetshandling utfärdad i hemlandet. Kravet på styrkt id

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of treatment, visual function, and other factors on vision-targeted health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with early glaucoma. Design: Randomized clinical trial. Participants: Two hundred fifty-five patients with newly detected open-angle glaucoma and repeatable early visual field (VF) defects, 50 to 80 years old (66% female). Methods: Patients were ran

Background: Apo (apolipoprotein) M mediates the physical interaction between high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Apo M exerts anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective effects in animal models. Methods: In a subset of PHFS (Penn Heart Failure Study) participants (n=297), we measured apo M by Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA). We also measured total S1P

For effective clinical management of patients being treated with 223Ra, there is a need for radiographic response biomarkers to minimize disease progression and to stratify patients for subsequent treatment options. The objective of this study was to evaluate an automated bone scan index (aBSI) as a quantitative assessment of bone scans for radiographic response in patients with metastatic castrat

Background: Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) activity has been shown to predict calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) outcomes. Our objective was to test the association between plasma Lp-PLA2 activity and genetically elevated Lp-PLA2 mass/activity with CAVS in humans. Methods and results: Lp-PLA2 activity was measured in 890 patients undergoing cardiac surgery, including 476 pati

The overall aim of the thesis is to investigate the knowledge problem in regional public transport planning. The knowledge problem is twofold. How do transport policy arrive at the desirable actions they take and how do they assess the alternatives, and what can we say about the contributions of already implemented transport schemes. Paper 1 explores how policy objectives in regional public transp

Aims/hypothesis: Preterm birth (gestational age <37 weeks) has been associated with insulin resistance early in life. However, no large population-based studies have examined risks of type 1 and type 2 diabetes and potential sex-specific differences from childhood into adulthood. Clinicians will increasingly encounter adults who were born prematurely and will need to understand their long-term ris

Background: Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a cardiovascular dysautonomic condition affecting predominantly young women. POTS is defined as the presence of chronic symptoms of orthostatic intolerance associated with an increased heart rate ≥30 bpm, or heart rate exceeding 120 bpm, within 10 minutes of standing or head-up tilt in the absence of orthostatic hypotension. The etio

Background: Low levels of the soluble tumour necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK) and depression are linked to cardiovascular disease. Galectin-3, inadequate glycemic control and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels were previously linked to depression in these patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The main aim was to explore whether sTWEAK was associat

Background: There is recent evidence supporting that a comprehensive post-stroke treatment program improves outcome. However, the prevalence of stroke-related health problems and the extent of needed interventions have not been well-delineated. The Struct-FU study aims to assess the feasibility of a comprehensive stroke follow-up model and to map stroke-related problems and subsequent multidiscipl

Background: Biomarkers can be of help to understand critical illness and to identify and stratify sepsis. Adrenomedullin is a vasoactive hormone, with reported prognostic and potentially therapeutic value in sepsis. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the association of circulating bioactive adrenomedullin (bio-ADM) levels at intensive care unit (ICU) admission with mortality in sepsi

Background: Previous studies have shown that copy number variation (CNV) in the alpha (α)-amylase gene (AMY1A) is associated with body mass index, insulin resistance, and blood glucose levels, factors also shown to increase the risk of Alzheimer’s dementia (AD). We have previously demonstrated the presence of α-amylase in healthy neuronal dendritic spines and a reduction of the same in AD patients