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Background: Women's fears and attitudes to childbirth may influence the maternity care they receive and the outcomes of birth. This study aimed to develop profiles of women according to their attitudes regarding birth and their levels of childbirth related fear. The association of these profiles with mode and outcomes of birth was explored.Methods: Prospective longitudinal cohort design with self
Natural organic matter (NOM) is found in all surface, ground, and soil waters. During recent decades, reports worldwide show a continuing increase in the color and NOM of the surface water, which has an adverse effect on drinking water purification. For several practical and hygienic reasons, the presence of NOM is undesirable in drinking water. Various technologies have been proposed for NOM remo
Background: Snacking is a common diet behaviour which accounts for a large proportion of daily energy intake, making it a key determinant of diet quality. However, the relationship between snacking frequency, quality and timing with cardiometabolic health remains unclear. Design: Demography, diet, health (fasting and postprandial cardiometabolic blood and anthropometrics markers) and stool metagen
Background: Seasonal variation in glucose metabolism might be driven by changes in daylight. Melatonin entrains circadian regulation and is directly associated with daylight. The relationship between melatonin receptor 1B gene variants with glycemic traits and type 2 diabetes is well established. We studied if daylight length was associated with glycemic traits and if it modified the relationship
Vid fysisk planering genom upprättande och antagande av planer analyseras hur mark- och vattenområden ska användas i framtiden. Detaljnivå och rättslig status varierar mellan plantyperna, några är rättsligt bindande medan andra är vägledande. I Sverige är makten över markanvändningsplaneringen decentraliserad, kommunerna har huvudansvaret för planeringen. Genom länsstyrelsen bevakas statens intres
Thisthesis revisits and explores the relationship between verse and meaning bymeans of the notion of iconicity, i.e.,as signs primarily based on similarity. The aim of the thesis is to show howverse and its interaction with words and sentences create meaning and can be anintegrated part in the interpretation or understanding of the poem as a whole.Verse is discussed in relation to four other liter
BACKGROUND: The New Public Management movement strove for transparency so that policy makers and citizens could gain insight into the work and performance of health care. As the use of the electronic health record (EHR) started to diffuse, a foundation was laid for enhanced transparency within and between health care organizations. Now we appear to be experiencing a new kind of transparency in the
Temperaturändringar och krympning påverkar betongkonstruktioners volym, och i konstruktioner som hindras från av röra sig kan sådana volymändringar leda till så kallade tvångseffekter, som i sin tur kan orsaka sprickbildning. När detta sker kan emellertid konstruktionen deformeras till viss del, vilket gör att tvångsspänningarna och därmed också sprickvidderna minskar. Uppsprickningsförloppet är sThermal actions and shrinkage cause volume changes in concrete structures. In structures which are restrained from movements, the restraint effects can cause cracking. However, when cracking occurs, the structure can deform to some extent, which reduces the restraint stresses and thus also the crack widths. As the exact crack development is hard to predict beforehand, the actual restraint and thus
Flyktingar, speciellt de som varit utsatta för tortyr och annan form av organiserat våld, upplever ofta en rad olika svårigheter, inklusive posttraumatiskt stressyndrom (PTSD), depression och somatiska symtom, särskilt smärta. Multidisciplinär behandling har utvecklats för att handskas med denna komorbiditet hos flyktingar, som har påvisat medelhöga effekter.Det huvudsakliga syftet med denna avhanRefugees, particularly those exposed to torture and other forms of organized violence, often experience a wide range of difficulties, including posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and somatic disturbances, particularly pain. Multimodal treatments have been developed to target this comorbidity in refugees, with evidence suggesting they are moderately effective.The overall aim of this
Background: Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a major sign of cardiovascular autonomic failure leading to orthostatic intolerance and syncope. Orthostatic hypotension is traditionally divided into classical OH (cOH) and delayed OH (dOH), but the differences between the two variants are not well-studied. We performed a systematic clinical and neuroendocrine characterization of OH patients in a tertia
OBJECTIVES: To retrospectively investigate the use of percent free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) compared with total PSA in serum as predictor of prostate cancer in men selected randomly from the general population who underwent biopsy on the basis of abnormal findings on digital rectal examination (DRE) or transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and/or serum PSA levels greater than 10 ng/mL. METHODS: A s
The Complement system is a main effector mechanism of the innate immune system, acting to enhance clearance of pathogens, but also aids removal of biological debris from the body, including immunocomplexes, apoptotic/necrotic cells and protein aggregates. Complement regulators serve to prevent excessive inflammation and their interaction with the same materials targeted by the complement system re
Background: There is an increased susceptibility to syncope with aging attributed to age-related physiological impairments. Cerebral oxime-try non-invasively measures cerebral tissue oxygenation (SctO2) and has been shown to be valuable in syncope evaluation. SctO2 has beenfound to decrease with aging but it is unknown whether the decrease in SctO2 is related to increased susceptibility to syncope
The NEWCOMERS project aims to explore how new clean energy communities (ECs) develop, under which polycentric settings ECs evolve and under what conditions such initiatives are suppressed. At a national level, the project will assess socio-economic, technical, institutional characteristics and actors supporting the emergence of new clean energy communities. In Deliverable 3.1. and 3.2. the nationa
Background: Stroke has a high burden of disease in women, and adverse pregnancy outcomes have been identified as important risk factors for stroke later in life. However, long-term risks of stroke associated with preterm delivery and whether such risks are attributable to familial confounding are unclear. Such knowledge is needed to improve long-term risk assessment and stroke prevention in women.
ObjectiveThe proportion of older people is increasing and reflects in the demand on ambulance services (AS). Patients can be more vulnerable and increasingly dependent, especially when their decision-making ability is impaired. Self-determination in older people has a positive relation to quality of life and can raise ethical conflicts in AS. Hence, the aim of this study was to empirically explore
Cholangiocarcinoma is an aggressive malignacy arising from the biliary tree. Anatomical subtypes ofcholangiocarcinoma differs in tumor biology and clinical management. Distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA)originates from the common bile duct. Radical resection is the only curative treatment, for dCCA it entails apancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure). Other periampullary cancers treated with pancrea
