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This thesis presents a case study on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in hydrology using two approaches. This topic was chosen since AI is an important tool, and water is a vital resource. The first case is on leakage detection with artificial data, while the second is on precipitation prediction with real data. For leakage detection, a random forest (RF) model and an artificial neuWater is the most vital resource, yet globally, 30% is lost through leaks. By implementing artificial intelligence (AI), this thesis has developed methods to locate leaks with high precision, as well as models to improve accuracy on satellite-based precipitation data. This thesis investigates two applications of AI on real-world problems; detecting water leaks and improving precipitation data. Th

Background: Early electrocardiograph predates electronic amplification and therefore required innovative and highly sensitive instrumentation. Willem Einthoven's introduction of the string galvanometer in 1903 enabled recording of clinically useful electrocardiograms and established electrocardiography as a diagnostic method. Objectives: To describe the provenance and technical features of a uniqu

The islet β cells are the specific targets in an autoimmune process that eventually leads to the clinical onset of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The etiology is related to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DR-DQ genetic factors that are necessary but not sufficient for disease development. The environmental etiology is related to enterovirus infection in early childhood resulting in two endotypes. In HLA DR4

BACKGROUND: Accreditation of cancer centres aims to deliver high-quality, person-centered care and underscores the integration with education, research, and innovation. Over the past decade, cancer centres in the Nordic countries have engaged in accreditation processes through the Organisation of European Cancer Institutes (OECI).OBJECTIVE: This study provides an overview of a rapidly evolving lan

IntroductionForensic assessments of whether an injury would have been life-threatening often rely on empirical knowledge rather than evidence-based criteria. To address this gap, we applied the validated trauma scoring system New Injury Severity Score (NISS) to estimate mortality risk along the natural course of single stab injuries to the trunk.Methods and materialsWe included 408 survivors and 1

Introduction: Wearable sensors measuring bodily movements used in free-living conditions may help predict falls in older persons. Assessing their use in this context is essential to identify potential challenges related to fall risk screening. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the feasibility of conducting a prospective study comparing self-rated and wearable sensor-based measures for the asse

Skin wounds remain a clinical challenge, especially for burns and chronic wounds, and existing therapies seldom re-engage the rapid, scar-sparing repair programs observed in nature. Planarians are super-regenerators capable of rebuilding the entire organism from small fragments, and their extracellular vesicles might encode potent prorepair cues. But whether planarian-derived extracellular vesicle

Snakes and Ladders: Learning words in a foreign language Snakes and Ladders: Learning words in a foreign language Published 17 December 2020 Lari-Valtteri Suhonen successfully defended his PhD thesis "Snakes and Ladders – Developmental Aspects of Lexical-Conceptual Relationships in the Multilingual Mental Lexicon" last week. The faculty opponent was Jeanine Treffers-Daller, University of Reading.

https://www.sol.lu.se/en/article/snakes-and-ladders-learning-words-in-a-foreign-language/ - 2026-04-30

Introduction: Hypoadiponectinaemia is an important risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, little is known about its role in the Chinese population. This study sought to assess the prevalence of NAFLD and its association with hypoadiponectinaemia in middle-aged and elderly Chinese. Material and methods: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study in an urban S

Objective-Atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. Autoimmune responses to low-density lipoproteins (LDL) contribute to its progression, whereas immunization with LDL may induce atheroprotective or proatherogenic responses. The objective of this study was to develop an atheroprotective vaccine by targeting a peptide of the LDL protein constituent apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100) to the nasal muc

When exposed to intermediate glucose concentrations (6-16 mol/l), pancreatic beta-cells in intact islets generate bursts of action potentials (superimposed on depolarised plateaux) separated by repolarised electrically silent intervals. First described more than 40 years ago, these oscillations have continued to intrigue beta-cell electrophysiologists. To date, most studies of beta-cell ion channe

Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects young women and is characterized by inflammation in several organs including the kidneys, skin, joints, blood, and nervous system. Abnormal immune cellular and humoral responses play important roles in the development of the disease process. Impaired clearance of apoptotic material is a key factor contributing to ac

In our previous genome-wide scan of Finnish nuclear families, obesity was linked to chromosome Xq24. Here we analyzed this 15-Mb region by genotyping 9 microsatellite markers and 36 single nucleotide polyp morphisms (SNPs) for 11 positional and functional candidate genes in an extended sample of 218 obese Finnish sibling pairs (sibpairs) (BMI > 30 kg/m(2)). Evidence of linkage emerged mainly from

Det finns olika uppfattningar om huruvida påförande av skattetillägg vid tillämpning av skatteflyktslagen harmonierar med skattelagstiftningens syfte. Det har framförts att det finns ett bristande logiskt samband mellan skatteflyktslagen och skattetilläggsbestämmelserna. Det har vidare hävdats att domskälen många gånger endast är svagt förbundna med lagtext och förarbeten, det har även ifrågasatts

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Stenshuvuds nationalpark är en av Sveriges minsta nationalpark. Dess naturtyper är omväxlande och är därmed en av landets mest artrika nationalpark. Området är, trots sina höga naturvärden, inte speciellt välundersökt vad gäller miljöhistoria sett i ett längre tidsperspektiv. Tiden för trädens invandring vid Stenshuvud under holocen (de senaste 11 500 åren) har

Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning: Ordningen Carcharhiniformes är indelad i åtta familjer: Scyliorhinidae, Proscylliidae, Pseudotriakidae, Leptochariidae, Triakidae, Hemigaleidae, Carcharhinidae och Sphyrnidae. Detta är den ordning som är mest artdivers bland recenta hajar, med omkring 55% av totalt ca 350 nu levande hajarter. Carcharhiniformernas utbredning är från tropiska till boreala hav, men