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The role of diet in type 1 diabetes development is poorly understood. Metabolites, which reflect dietary response, may help elucidate this role. We explored metabolomics and lipidomics differences between 352 cases of islet autoimmunity (IA) and controls in the TEDDY (The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young) study. We created dietary patterns reflecting pre-IA metabolite difference
This paper is based on a lecture held in Nagoya, Japan as part of a seminar on issues relating to disabled women, sexuality and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). I present preliminary results from the research project Sexual Citizenship and Disability: Implications for Theory, Practice and Policy, which focuses on sexual rights for people with mobility impairments. The data compris
Agricultural soils contribute to human welfare through their generation of manifold ecosystem services such as food security, water quality and climate regulation, but these are degraded by common farming practices. We have developed a roadmap for evaluating the contribution of both private- and public-good ecosystem services generated by agricultural soils to societal welfare. The approach consid
Here we show that scratch family transcriptional repressor 1 (SCRT1), a zinc finger transcriptional regulator, is a novel regulator of beta cell function. SCRT1 was found to be expressed in beta cells in rodent and human islets. In human islets, expression of SCRT1 correlated with insulin secretion capacity and the expression of the insulin (INS) gene. Furthermore, SCRT1 mRNA expression was lower
Impaired insulin secretion from the pancreatic β-cells is central in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D), and microRNAs (miRNAs) are fundamental regulatory factors in this process. Differential expression of miRNAs contributes to β-cell adaptation to compensate for increased insulin resistance, but deregulation of miRNA expression can also directly cause β-cell impairment during the developm
Over the last decade, serial crystallography, a method to collect complete diffraction datasets from a large number of microcrystals delivered and exposed to an X-ray beam in random orientations at room temperature, has been successfully implemented at X-ray free-electron lasers and synchrotron radiation facility beamlines. This development relies on a growing variety of sample presentation method
The gap between theoretically predicted trade patterns and actual trade suggests that our understanding of what shapes trade patterns is incomplete. Institutional barriers may be one factor behind this gap, and recent research suggests that institutions are a greater obstacle to trade than tariffs. Using detailed firm-level data, we analyze how institutional quality in recipient countries affects
Aims. To investigate demographics and socioeconomic status in patients with ulnar nerve compression and the influence of socioeconomic factors on patient-reported outcome measurements (PROM) as evaluated by QuickDASH (short version of Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand) after surgery for ulnar nerve compression at the elbow. Methods. Patients operated for primary ulnar nerve compression from 2
Differences between sexes contribute to variation in the levels of fasting glucose and insulin. Epidemiological studies established a higher prevalence of impaired fasting glucose in men and impaired glucose tolerance in women, however, the genetic component underlying this phenomenon is not established. We assess sex-dimorphic (73,089/50,404 women and 67,506/47,806 men) and sex-combined (151,188/
In all planning processes, including those we label participatory, there are neglected parties. Even when co-produced decisions, equity objectives, or common initiatives are at hand, some actors are likely to be less listened to, or they are never even recognised, hence, ‘perfect’ participation does not exist. Nevertheless, participatory objectives continue to be an important resilience factor in
Public policy has a critical role to play in supporting business actors towards their transition to more sustainable and less resource‐intensive practices within the context of a Circular Economy (CE). The European Union (EU) CE Action Plan sets a special focus on the role of business in adopting and promoting circular economic principles in their operations, and thus leading the transition toward
