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Diagnosing sepsis in critical care remains a challenge due to the lack of gold-standard diagnostics. Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) has been proposed as a diagnostic marker to identify sepsis in critically ill patients. This study evaluated the diagnostic performance of calprotectin and C-reactive protein (CRP) to distinguish between sepsis and non-sepsis on intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Admissio
Objective: The primary aim of this study was to explore the lessons learned from implementing a procedure of resuscitation and stabilization with an intact umbilical cord for preterm and term infants requiring resuscitation or stabilization during emergency caesarean sections. Methods: Data were collected by two focus group discussions and one individual interview. Participants were members of imp
The human cathelicidin LL-37 is active against both bacteria and viruses, but it also shows immunomodulatory properties. Here, we assess the impact of LL-37 on viral signaling in human airway epithelial BEAS-2B cells infected with the respiratory pathogen rhinovirus (RV). We show that LL-37 (4 μM) enhances RV-induced expression of interferon β (IFNβ) transcript and reduces viral-load. LL-37-evoked
Introduction: The climate and biodiversity crises are interconnected, unprecedented, existential threats that cause disturbing emotions, such as anxiety, grief, and anger. While there is increasing research about antecedents and outcomes of such eco-emotions, less is known about how to cope with them constructively, to benefit both mental health and pro-environmental action. Objectives: This study
Background: Gambling disorder severely impacts the affected individual's daily life and is considered to be a major public health issue. Gambling disorder may be a risk factor for suicidal behavior, but matched case-control studies are few. This study aims to explore suicidal behavior, and risk factors for it, among patients with GD in comparison with age- and gender-matched controls. Methods: Thi
Prediction of incident macrovascular events (iMEs) in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains suboptimal. We aim to discover blood-based epigenetic biomarkers predicting iMEs in 752 newly diagnosed individuals with T2D, among whom 102 developed iMEs during follow-up. 461 DNA methylation sites, e.g., near ARID3A, GATA5, HDAC4, IRS2, and TMEM51, associate with iMEs. Using cross-validation, a
OBJECTIVE: The serotonin system has long been of interest in biological models of human personality. The purpose of this positron emission tomography (PET) study was to search for relationships between serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptor density and personality traits. METHOD: Fifteen normal male subjects, ages 20-45 years, were examined with PET and the radioligand [(11)C]WAY100635. Personality traits we
Objective. Previous research has shown that elderly and disabled travelers using Special Transportation Services (STS) are injured without being involved in a vehicle crash. In order to estimate the true costs for these vehicle-related injuries, the focus needs to be adjusted towards an incident/traveler-oriented perspective. The aim of the project was thus to utilize such a perspective, in order
Recent genome-wide association studies confirm that human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes have the strongest associations with several autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), providing an impetus to reduce this genetic association to practice through an HLA-based disease predictive model. However, conventional model-building methods tend to be suboptimal when predictors are highly poly
I denna rapport analyseras effekterna av sänkta parkeringsnormer för bostäder för invånarna i det centrumnära, och relativt nybyggda, bostadsområdet Porslinsfabriken i Göteborg. Porslinsfabriken är med en relativt låg parkeringsnorm på 0,57 platser per lägenhet ett bra exempel på en parkeringspolitik som förs i alltfler kommuner. Resultatet visar att 19 procent av hushållen har minskat bilinnehave
BACKGROUND: Advanced glycation end product is an established risk marker in diabetic vascular disease, but its possible associations with atherosclerosis in a general population are yet to be investigated. We studied the degree of carotid atherosclerosis and its association with skin autofluorescence in an elderly population.METHODS: Carotid ultrasound and skin autofluorescence measurements were p
Objective: Lactobacilli are often considered to be beneficial or non-pathogenic to man, with small numbers of human infections being reported, including septicemia and infective endocarditis. To verify the safety of Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 9843 (=strain 299v) administration, we used a well-known endocarditis animal model. Design: Experimental study using Sprague-Dawley rats. Setting: Universit
Emergency medicine service (EMS) systems in the five Nordic Countries have more similarities than differences. One similarity is the involvement of anaesthesiologists as pre-hospital physicians and their strong participation for all critically ill and injured patients in-hospital. Discrepancies do exist, however, especially within the ground and air ambulance service, and the EMS systems face seve
Signalling through gap junctions contributes to control insulin secretion and, thus, blood glucose levels. Gap junctions of the insulin-producing β-cells are made of connexin 36 (Cx36), which is encoded by the GJD2 gene. Cx36-null mice feature alterations mimicking those observed in type 2 diabetes (T2D). GJD2 is also expressed in neurons, which share a number of common features with pancreatic β-
BACKGROUND: Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles accumulate in the arterial wall and become oxidized during atherogenesis, leading to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. The major protein of the LDL particle, apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB-100), becomes fragmented during oxidation and a target for the immune system. METHODS: In this study we used in situ ellipsometry to monitor the adsorption
