This cross-over experimental study aimed to examine the effects of filled chocolate consumption on blood glucose, insulin and ghrelin levels in 20 volunteers. After a one-week run-in period, study participants consumed two chocolate-based products, the tested biscuit or water for 21 days as a morning snack. After a two-week wash-out period, participants consumed another tested food for another 21

Diplomatihistorien hör till en av historievetenskapens giganter som under sin livsbana ofta ifrågasatts och utmanats. Denna artikel inleds med en historiografisk tillbakablick på framväxten av New Diplomatic History, dess definitioner av tidigmodern diplomati, samt en överblick av aktuella forskningsteman och frågor i internationell forskning. Särskilt fokus läggs på nordisk diplomatihistoria via Diplomatic history is one of the giants of historical scholarship, which has often been questioned and challenged throughout its lifetime. This article discusses the field of New Diplomatic History centered on definitions of diplomacy in general and specifically on research on the early modern period during the last decades. Special focus is placed on Nordic early modern diplomatic history through

Positive teacher-student and student-student relationships are among the most significant factors contributing to learning, motivation, wellbeing, and graduation rates in higher education. Trust is commonly understood as a key element for the development and sustenance of positive educational relationships, yet relatively little empirical research investigates trust in higher education classrooms.

Significant progress has been made in elucidating genetic risk factors influencing Type 1 diabetes (T1D); however, features other than genetic variants that initiate and/or accelerate islet autoimmunity that lead to the development of clinical T1D remain largely unknown. We hypothesized that genetic and environmental risk factors can both contribute to T1D through dynamic alterations of molecular

Background: Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a prevalent cardiovascular disorder after COVID-19 infection. Although POTS is characterized by the presence of sinus tachycardia, other hemodynamic disturbances including blood pressure (BP) regulation, remain largely unexplored.Aims: We investigated BP changes using 24-hour ambulatory-BP-monitoring in patients with new-onset POTS af

Based on disappointing results of stem cell-based application in clinical trials for patients with critical limb ischemia, we hypothesized that the acidic environment might be the key factor limiting cell survival and function. In the present study, we used microdialysis to determine presence of acidosis and metabolic imbalance in critical ischemia. Moreover, we explored the effect of extracellula

Walking and cycling are considered sustainable transport modes, promoted as a means to reduce car traffic. In the scientific literature, they have mostly been investigated separately, but should be considered jointly to enable a modal shift. Both daytime and dark conditions need to be studied, to improve understanding of how environmental features are affected by temporal variation. A conceptual m

In this article we discuss the notions of social sustainability and universal design by reflecting on a particular type of architectural element in common space, namely the “social staircases” that serve as multifunctional spaces beyond mere transportation, aiming at social interaction. Through empirical examples, including a detailed analysis of a newly built housing project in Sweden, renowned f

The present article explores the implication of fairness as a regulatory and competition law concept applied to digital and Artificial Intelligence markets, in light of recent law and policy developments targeting the interaction between data, market power and competition law. Much of the policy discussions, legislative proposals as well some emerging case law elevate the matter of “fairness” in tThe present article explores the implication of fairness as a regulatory and competition law concept applied to digital and Artificial Intelligence markets, in light of recent law and policy developments targeting the interaction between data, market power and competition law.Much of the policy discussions, legislative proposals as well some emerging case law elevate the matter of “fairness” in th

Identities fundamental to the self, such as race and gender, can operate through visual markers on the body. Identities related to a person’s heritage, or nationality, can also become visible. However, when physical appearance means that a person can pass as a member of a dominant group, being identified or ‘marked’ as other takes place through language use. In migration contexts, situations where

Stress is a public health concern. One of the explanations to why women, more than men, receive stress-related diagnosis in connection to sickness absence is their responsibility for housework and caregiving. We investigate men’s and women’s time allocation and its association with everyday stress across life course stages (25-74 years), using individual time diary data (N=11,880) from the 2000/01

Over the years, Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) has been recognized as a crucial element in the toolkit of measures to combat climate change. At the European Union (EU) level, CCS plays a vital role in climate policy, particularly in reducing CO2 emissions from hard-to-abate industries. However, no comprehensive legal framework covers all stages of CCS. These stages include carbon capture t