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This paper is about collaboration in public transport governance. Drawing upon the emerging literature that views collaboration through the lens of networks, we explore why and how regional public transport authorities collaborate with both municipalities and public transport operators in the planning of public transport. We also explore the advantages and disadvantages of such collaborations. Bas
Despite the fact that Cesarean section (C-section) is the most commonly performed surgery in a number of industrialized countries, little is known about the long-term consequences for the mothers and children involved. In this study, I use a sample of high-risk births—namely, breech births, in which the fetus is presented with its head upward instead of downward—to study the causal effect of C-sec
Following the EU declaration from 2016 on schools as the most crucial places for societal change needed in order to strengthen democracy, this chapter discusses Nordic music education and music education research within the context of shared challenges in times of rapid demographic changes. Resting on emerging results from the authors’ research projects, the first theme to be discussed is music ed
Glucagon secretion by pancreatic α-cells is triggered by hypoglycemia and suppressed by high glucose levels; impaired suppression of glucagon secretion is a hallmark of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Here, we show that α-cell glucokinase (Gck) plays a role in the control of glucagon secretion. Using mice with α-cell-specific inactivation of Gck (αGckKO mice), we find that glucokinase is required
A recent shift in tourism studies has focused on the emotional, affective, embodied, and performative dimensions of heritage landscape experience. However, such research often struggles to transform theoretical and conceptual discussions into practical and applicable terms that can be effectively implemented by site managers. The concept of presence is therefore proposed to identify emotional and
In order to investigate whether oxidative damage is associated with differences in antioxidant intake, we measured the levels of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxodGuo) in lymphocytes and α-tocopherol and several carotenoids in plasma of women with different dietary habits. We found that women from Granada (Spain), a region with a typically Mediterranean diet, had significantly higher leve
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has a heterogeneous etiology influencing its progression, treatment, and complications. A data driven cluster analysis in European individuals with T2D previously identified four subtypes: severe insulin deficient (SIDD), severe insulin resistant (SIRD), mild obesity-related (MOD), and mild age-related (MARD) diabetes. Here, the clustering approach was applied to individuals
This chapter addresses opportunities and challenges in urban planning by implementing the concept of ecosystem services in an urban tourism and destination development context. In analysing ecosystem services in urban tourism, we contribute to an emerging literature focusing on urban ecosystem services. An important research gap is also addressed; despite the importance of tourism for cities, ther
Analogs of the incretin hormones Gip and Glp-1 are used to treat type 2 diabetes and obesity. Findings in experimental models suggest that manipulating several hormones simultaneously may be more effective. To identify small molecules that increase the number of incretin-expressing cells, we established a high-throughput in vivo chemical screen by using the gip promoter to drive the expression of
Aerosols and their interaction with clouds constitute the largest uncertainty in estimating the radiative forcing affecting the climate system. Secondary aerosol formation is responsible for a large fraction of the cloud condensation nuclei in the global atmosphere. Wetlands are important to the budgets of methane and carbon dioxide, but the potential role of wetlands in aerosol formation has not
In eukaryotes, iron-sulfur clusters are essential cofactors for numerous physiological processes, but these clusters are primarily biosynthesized in mitochondria. Previous studies suggest mitochondrial ABCB7-type exporters are involved in maturation of cytosolic iron-sulfur proteins. However, the molecular mechanism for how the ABCB7-type exporters participate in this process remains elusive. Here
EU law increasingly requires that the Member States establish independent administrative bodies in various fields. Examples include market supervision, non-discrimination, and data protection. This article addresses the realisation of such requirements in the five Nordic states. The West Nordic systems of Denmark, Iceland, and Norway feature a traditional hierarchic organisation of the administrat
What is the relationship between trust and the quality of political institutions in a society? According to an influential cultural perspective, social trust—the belief that most people can be trusted—is a value inculcated during individuals’ formative years, and remains fixed afterward. A second perspective holds that social trust reflects experiences throughout the life course, particularly inte
We investigated early electrophysiological responses to spoken English words embedded in neutral sentence frames, using a lexical decision paradigm. As words unfold in time, similar-sounding lexical items compete for recognition within 200 milliseconds after word onset. A small number of studies have previously investigated event-related potentials in this time window in English and French, with r
Today, more than half of the world’s population live in cities, and by mid-century it is predicted that more than two-thirds of the world’s population will live in urban areas. This sees cities at the forefront of sustainability, needing to meet social needs within our ecological boundaries. An overarching guiding roadmap to consider sustainability is the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Go
