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The overarching purpose of this thesis was to investigate if different helping effects can be specifically linked to different psychological mechanisms. Helping effects (i.e. the when of helping) refer to situational differences that can increase or decrease the probability of helping. The three helping effects in focus in this thesis, were (1) the identifiable victim effect (the tendency to be

Background: Treatment of primary breast cancer is individualised and adjuvant systemic treatment is delivered to most patients after surgery. Oestrogen receptor (ER) status and progesterone receptor status (PR) can define patients who would benefit from adjuvant endocrine therapy with tamoxifen (TAM) alone or as chemo-endocrine therapy. In spite of adjuvant treatment with TAM, some patients with h

Inspired by the works of Michel Foucault and Erling Sandmo, this article explores contemporary discourses of military violence against civilians from a genealogical perspective. The purpose is to shed light on the historicity of certain structures of knowledge, thoughts, politics and ethics that are fundamental for the ways in which military violence against civilians is put into words, interprete

Early diagnosis and reliable prognosis and treatment prediction of breast cancer will ultimately lead to a decreased mortality rate. This can be achieved by identification of prognostic and treatment predictive biomarkers, and by understanding the mechanisms behind early changes in the breast. The cell cycle is a closely controlled process, involving multiple components with regulation on several

Islands are cradles for new biodiversity and provide natural laboratories for the study of population divergence. In my thesis, I investigated the role of different evolutionary processes in the population divergence in the Skyros wall lizard (Podarcis gaigeae), a species where islet populations have strongly diverged morphologies. I used replicate islet populations and their respective most proxi

Pine sawflies (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) are severe pine defoliators. This thesis investigated sawfly behaviour related to the use of pheromones in integrated pest management, including monitoring with pheromone traps and mating disruption. Neodiprion sertiferr females were placed on pine twigs in the field and 11–30 % of the females that remained on their twig after the first mating re-mated. Onl

With a view to the aetiology and treatment of preterm labour and primary dysmenorrhoea we studied the influence of sexual steroids on the plasma levels of oxytocin and vasopressin, effect of these peptides on uterine contractility in vitro and in vivo, receptor concentrations and antagonists to oxytocin and vasopressin. In postmenopausal women oestrogen increased the concentrations in plasma of bo

A dynamic multi-link MIMO channel indoor measurement campaign at 5.3 GHz is presented in this paper. The system setup is described and capacity with interference (with and without power control) results based on the dynamic multilink MIMO measurements are shown, and we experience a strong correlation between the relative capacity and SIR. Furthermore, an interference suppression metric is introduc

Behaviour of male moths and electrophysiological responses of male pheromone-specific olfactory receptor neurones were studied in two model species, the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta and the turnip moth Agrotis segetum. The studies were aimed at elucidating the relative importance of different mating disruption mechanisms. In a wind tunnel study of G. molesta, behavioural response to a r

AIM: The aim was to evaluate the results of endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) in terms of intra-AAA pressure and clinical outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: 0.014-inch guide-wire-mounted tip-pressure sensors were used for direct intra-aneurysm sac pressure measurement (DISP) through translumbar puncture of the AAA. Mean Pressure Index was calculated (MPI) as the p

3,100 non-pregnant women and 85 pregnants were miniconized during the 15-year period ending 1994 . The outpatient procedure of minimal conization using a freehand-guided, high power 60W carbon dioxide laser focused to 0.1 mm in spot-size, giving high power density 165,000 W/cm2, produces single-piece tissue specimens for histological examination. The procedure is performed under local anaesthesia

This thesis deals with the fermentation characteristics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in oat-based suspensions, with formulation work of fermented products based on oat and with nutritional studies of these products. Changes in structure in terms of viscosity and ropiness were studied when exopolysaccharide (EPS)-producing LAB strains, namely, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus NCFB 2772,

In man, the urinary bladder responds to an urinary outflow obstruction with a pronounced dilatation and growth of the bladder wall. This clinical situation can be mimicked in rat by creation of a partial urinary outflow obstruction and the papers included in the present thesis use this animal model to address questions regarding the adaptive changes in the smooth muscle of the growing bladder. In

In this study we investigated how managers make strategical decisions in complex, dynamic, and real-time environments and in different decision domains. The managers we interviewed were usually ‘in charge’ of the tasks. Our results show that the informants in the decision processes communicated with other persons, within and outside the organization, about the decision alternative/s and that these

Hypoglycaemia is an acute complication to insulin-treatment in type 1 diabetes mellitus, which affects many physiological parameters, deteriorates the cognitive function, and may lead to death. The aim of this thesis was to study nerve function, cognitive function and cerebral blood flow during and after hypoglycaemia in healthy subjects and to study certain aspects of a fall in blood glucose in p

The basis for the article is the notion that man cannot be seen as simply another part of the ecosystem: human actions must be understood in terms of human culture. Culture is the filter through which humans see and interact with their environment. This means that human actions are not always the most "economical" in terms of adapting to natural conditions. In fact, sometimes the effort to fulfill

Huntington's disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative disorder presenting with chorea, dementia and extensive striatal neuronal death. The mechanism through which the widely expressed mutant huntingtin mediates striatal neurotoxicity is unknown. Excitotoxicity, i.e. calcium-dependent cell death induced by activation of NMDA receptors, has been hypothesized to play an important role in HD. Ou

I understand patronage principally as a work of cultural and material support - the support shich was necessary to stage the performance of a piece of music in mayn different contexts. I focus on the fate of an opera, Richard Wagner's Parsifal, a work which was not performed at the Bayreuth festival between 1939 and 1944 because of its emphasis on reconciliation, non-violence and faith, but which