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This thesis investigates novel electrical nanowire characterization tools and devices. Conventional characterization methods, long available to bulk semiconductor samples, have been adapted and transferred to the nanowire geometry. The first part of the thesis describes the development of Hall effect measurements, an entirely new characterization tool for nanowires. It is shown that Hall effect me
This thesis focuses on the influence of volcanism on the compositions of the aerosols in the upper troposphere (UT) and lowermost stratosphere (LMS), and their direct and indirect impact on climate. Aerosol data were obtained by aircraft-borne sampling, using the CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) platform, and laboratory-based
Part I: Plant peroxidases are useful in many areas of application e.g. as tracer enzymes for clinical applications and in biosensors as well as for industrial purposes like in waste water treatment and bleaching processes. A gene encoding a new, neutral horseradish peroxidase isoenzyme, HRP-n, was isolated. The encoded protein shows only 50% sequence identity with the classical HRP-C and lacks the
At present, clinical outcome or response to therapy can not be fully predicted in individual cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). The overall aim of the present studies was to investigate potential prognostic factors, more closely related to the malignant progression of a tumor than the established markers, such as the TNM-classification system. Tumor samples were investi
Previous research has argued that packaging has a great potential to contribute to sustainable development, but how to put this potential into practice is not yet fully explored. The theoretical foundation of the research presented is at the intersection of packaging logistics and sustainable development. This foundation was chosen because it offers established models that are well linked to the h
År 2003 såldes Jim Rousks hem på exekutiv auktion för en skuld om 6 721 kr. Tio år senare fälldes Sverige i Europadomstolen för att ha kränkt Jim Rousks rätt till hem och egendom vid utmätningen, försäljningen och den efterföljande avhysningen. Europadomstolen kritiserade särskilt att Sverige inte beaktat Rousks intressen tillräckligt i proportionalitetsbedömningar och att utsökningsprocessen sakn
Under de senaste årtionden har företagsformen aktiebolagsrätt varit en mycket populär form att bedriva näringsverksamhet på, detta såväl internationellt som nationellt. Det mest karakteristiska draget för aktiebolag är det begränsande ansvaret. Det begränsade ansvaret innebär att en aktieägare som huvudregel inte riskerar mer en det satsade kapitalet. Den privata förmögenhetsmassan är således skilIn recent decades, the form of limited company has been a very popular way to conduct business on, this both international and national. The most characteristic feature for the limted company is the limited liability. The limited liability means that shareholders as a rule do not risk more than the invested capital. The private furtune is thus seperated from the company's assets. The general r
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia. In order to have effect of future disease-modifying therapies for AD, the disease must be identified early, before the patients have developed dementia. Many patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) have prodromal AD, but other causes for the syndrome are common. No diagnostic method can identify AD in patients with MC
Hemicellulose is the second most abundant group of renewable polysaccharides. Mannans can be found as the major hemicellulose in softwood and as storage polysaccharides in a range of plants. In this work, structural and functional characterisations of family 5 and 26 endo-1,4-b-mannanases (b-mannanases) have been performed. These families belong to the large and diverse glycoside hydrolase clan A,
It has been suggested that the cerebellar mossy fibre afferents transmit the conditioned stimulus (CS) information to the cerebellum. Several studies are consistent with this suggestion but alternative explanations have not been excluded. In conditioned ferrets, the forelimb CS was replaced by a direct stimulation of the cerebellar mossy fibre afferents. It was found that true conditioned response
HERA-B is a high-energy physics experiment at HERA. It is a fixed-target experiment with a forward spectrometer to benefit from the strong boost of beauty hadrons. The main goal of HERA-B is to detect and measure the degree of CP violation in exclusive B-decays, with emphasis on the {em golden} decay, $golden$. A computer simulated study on this decay is presented and the accuracy of the measureme
Contraction of blood vessels for the regulation of blood flow and pressure is dependent on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) located in the medial layer of the vascular wall. Adult, differentiated VSMC have a well developed contractile system and a low rate of proliferation. Under the influence of hormones, growth factors, inflammatory mediators and tissue factors, cells may modulate to a ”synth
Neuropeptide expression in the nervous system is abundant and plastic, and an altered expression after injury is an example of a functional response, helping the neuron to cope with adverse changes, and involves effects on differentiation, synthesis, repair/regeneration, survival, and modulation of signal transmission. I have investigated the distribution/expression of the neuropeptides, orphanin
This thesis deals with large networks of limit cycle oscillators. A limit cycle oscillator is a dynamical system that has a periodic attractor in phase space, and is defined in continuous time. To each such oscillator one can associate a natural frequency. Virtually all biological systems that show periodic oscillations can be seen as limit cycle oscillators. The same is true for oscillating mecha
Controlled-release formulations reduce the frequency of injections and better maintain plasma concentrations within the therapeutic window. Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) is currently the most frequently used biodegradable polymer for this application. In order to be able to control the release rate, it is vital to know the underlying release mechanisms. A novel method for measuring the diff
The aim was to explore the inherent meaning of total fat and to examine the associations between relative fat intake and postmenopausal breast cancer. Furthermore, the impacts of the alterations in dietary assessment routines are discussed. This thesis uses data from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study, a prospective cohort study. Information on dietary habits, lifestyle, and socioeconomic factors wa
The incidence of sexual selection in plants is today acknowledged, however, just as in animals, evolution and maintenance of mate choice is gravely underexplored. Moreover, the potential for sexual conflicts to occur in plants has only been assessed empirically to a very limited degree. Using the hermaphroditic annual herb Collinsia heterophylla, I looked deeper into the role of pollen-pollen comp
