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This thesis presents the utilization of two different decomposition techniques, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and dynamic mode decomposition (DMD), for enhanced understanding of flow structures and their stability. The advantages of these techniques are shown for a range of flow situations, most of which are turbulent. It is shown that by these methods additional insight into complex flow
This thesis concerns the study of Fluid-Structure interaction phenomena among deforming and (non-deforming) vibrating objects under unsteady fluid fl ow exposures. This multi-physical phenomenon is widely encountered in real-life situations and therefore it is of significant importance to understand the underlying physics. The trend is that both industrial and research facilities aim for developi
Amputation of the hand implies the loss of the ability to grasp and the ability to "feel". The grasping function can be primitively restored using an active prosthesis. Multiarticulating electrically powered hands have recently made their way to the market and these hands provide enhanced grasping and gripping capabilities. However, these hands provide no direct and conscious sensory feedback to
This thesis concerns experimental and theoretical work regarding perpendicular to grain fracture in wooden structural elements. The experimental part concerns strength tests of glulam beams with a hole. The theoretical parts concern development of two models for strength and fracture analysis, both based on fracture mechanics approaches, and their application to analysis of beams with a hole and d
Today’s trends are the ever growing competition with increased globalization and sustainability. Together with ongoing technological developments and the demand for right quality of products and services, this has also resulted in increased demands for legislation and traceability. This development has also had an impact on packaging and Packaging Logistics. This thesis deals with packaging, logis
Molecular imaging, both in vivo and ex vivo, is playing an increasingly important role in preclinical medical research. When using radionuclide-labeled tracers, e.g. in the development of radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic imaging or for radionuclide therapy, quantitative in vivo imaging can be performed using emission tomography. Quantitative autoradiography of thin tissue sections is employed t
The formation of lumps during powder dissolution is undesirable in most cases. In a world where the use of dry products is increasing, incomplete powder dissolution and lump formation can for instance affect the color of a paint or the nutritional content of baby food. In this thesis, the phenomena governing lump formation of agglomerated spray dried dairy powders were investigated. The focus of t
Cyanobacteria are known to form heavy blooms in eutrophicated freshwaters and also form resting stages, associated with the sediments, during harsh growth conditions. These resting stages can serve as inoculum for pelagic populations and function as a potential source for bloom formations. However, the factors involved in initiating recruitment from resting stage to the pelagic phase are not fully
The present study explored the gene and protein expression of the monoamine transporters in human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle, in early decidua and in placentas from normal as well as preeclamptic pregnancies using in-situ hybridization, real time-PCR, immunohistochemistry and primary tissue cultures. Four distinguishable patterns were observed in the endometrium over the menstrual
The biological response to different implanted biomaterials vary. The relative importance of factors in the material and host for this variation are at present incompletely known. The variation in the cellular response to specific proteins and the rapid adsorption of proteins to surfaces exposed to biological environments has created the hypothesis that the cellular interactions with biomaterials
Organizational creativity and psychological well-being. Present day organizations in a globalized society are experiencing external challenges and changes more than ever before and in order to adapt and react to these changes creativity and innovation are seen as some of the most important means. The standpoint in this thesis is that all employees have creative potential, and how the creative pote
Abstract in Uncoded languages Praegune kaitsejalatsite testimise standard (EN 344) kontrollib soojapidavuslikke omadusi vaid jalatsi ühes punktis mõõtes temperatuuri muutust. Meetod, mis kasutab termilist jala mudelit võimaldab mõõta jalatsi soojaisolatsiooni üheaegselt erinevates piirkondades ning ühtlasi ka jalatsi kui terviku soojaisolatsiooni. Selle uurimuse käigus on soojendatava jala meetodiPresent standard on safety footwear (EN 344) checks the insulation only at one point in the shoes by means of measuring the temperature change. A method that uses thermal foot model allows to measure footwear insulation simultaneously at various locations and for whole footwear as total. In the cause of the present research the method of heated foot model has been developed further. Now it is poss
The main theme of this thesis is the use of fluorescence spectroscopy in biomedicine. The work presented in the thesis can be divided into three areas of applications. The first area involves the use of fluorescence to find the location of a deeply situated fluorophore within turbid media. Fluorescence emitted from the fluorophore will be attenuated when propagating through the medium, due to the
Abstract Technology is always designed for an assumed user in an assumed context. In commercial aviation, these design assumptions are clearly spelt out in that both crew and equipment are certificated for a specific operation as stated in the aircraft flight manual. Despite this well defined user context, the designed-for and the real contexts often differ enough so that adaptations of working p
Proteases and their inhibitors are implicated in the physiology and pathology of the airways. Protease inhibitors include those produced locally, such as secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), and those produced mainly by the liver that can reach the airways via passive diffusion, such as alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT). SLPI is a significant component of the anti-neutrophil elastase shield in th
Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability for which there is no treatment for functional recovery. Following stroke, striatal neurogenesis is increased, with newly formed neuroblasts migrating towards the damage. This response has so far been considered acute and transient. In this thesis, a model of experimental stroke (2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion, MCAO) used to study three a
The main purpose of my thesis is to investigate how the Chicago School in urban sociology, that was active between 1915 and 1935, developed and why it produced so many classical monographs during a period of about ten to fifteen years. To outline the historical reasons for the School to develop I have chosen to view the historical context as a field with different actors. Another related and overa
Autoimmune diabetes is characterized by cell mediated autoimmunity against insulin producing beta cells in pancreatic islets. Type 1 diabetes is the major cause of diabetes in children and adolescents and is believed to be mediated by a Thl driven destruction of beta cells. The much more prevalent type 2 diabetes is not considered as an autoimmune disease but diabetes specific autoantibodies (ICA
The aim of the research presented in this thesis was to provide extended background knowledge concerning several biochemical markers, used for the medical evaluation of pregnant women with suspected or confirmed preeclampsia, in order to improve the reliability of monitoring. Plasma levels of beta-2 microglobulin, cystatin C and beta trace protein are known to reflect renal filtration in non-pregn
This thesis is about aesthetic observance. By these terms I intend to give an account of a social phenomenon considered an angle of approach on the understanding of norms. I narrow down the problems with the perspective from social psychology. The central claim by George Herbert Mead was that mind arises from human interaction. The individual subject by this means appears as an effect. I whish to
