Filetype
During the past twenty years, considerable efforts have been invested in fundamental research on the thermochemical conversion of alternative solid fuels and on its areas of application. Today, the attempt is being made to develop processes for upgrading those fuels to become easy accessible energy sources of high efficiency. The thesis concerns thermochemical means for utilizing biomass. Light i
Efficient sorting and searching are corner-stones in algorithm design. In computer science it has become a deep-rooted habit to use comparison-based methods to solve these problems. In this thesis we argue that radix sorting and searching algorithms are superior in many respects, both practical and theoretical. They are often remarkably simple and many, if not most, sorting and searching problems
Bob Dylan (b. 1941) became known as an enfant terrible and a regenerator of rock lyrics already in the tumultuous 60´s. His constantly shifting roles as musician and songwriter, combined with his notable reserve, have led to the growth of a plethora of myths surrounding his person and work. His lyrics, accompanied by an increasingly original rock backing, based on folk music and rhythm & blues
Tröger’s base was synthesized for the first time in 1887. The molecule is rigid, C2-symmetric and has a 90° angle, forming a chiral hydrophobic pocket. In this thesis, the synthesis of new analogues of Tröger’s base is described. 2- and 3-halo-substituted anilines have for the first time been condensed to Tröger’s base analogues. It has also been shown that anilines without substituents in para-po
Shusaku Endo (1923-1996) is a Roman Catholic, Japanese novelist. From 1950 to 1953, he studied French literature in Lyon, France. Returning from Lyon, Endo began his career as a novelist. His early works include: White Men, Yellow Men(1954), A Wonderful Fool(1959), The Women in the Bible(1960), Foreign Studies(1965), etc. The present study analyses his work from the perspective of the inculturati
A considerable part of chemistry in nature and industry, takes place in an environment of other molecules. Reactions, transitions, interactions or other chemical processes are almost always modified by the environment. These modifications or environment effects depend ultimately on the interactions between the molecules, the so called intermolecular interactions. The special case of effects induce
The board of directors is often described as a valuable resource for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that can contribute to the direction and performance of the firm. Mainstream research and literature on boards and governance has however mainly been concerned with how the board of directors best can monitor and restrain managerial action in large widely held corporations, and there is
Methods for ensuring that the intended volume receives the intended absorbed dose in radiotherapy have been investigated. In order to optimise radiation treatment of cancer, geometric variations in the treatment chain need to be controlled. Furthermore, hazards potentially leading to unintended irradiation need to be controlled. While the required methods for optimisation of irradiation are divers
Reading and writing skills are of crucial importance in modern society. Therefore, dyslexia is a significant handicap, not only in respect of lexical skills and processing of language-based information - it appears to have social consequences as well, as evidenced for instance by the high frequency of dyslexics among long-term unemployed people. One major research problem is that the term dyslexia
High-spin states in the A=35 mirror nuclei 35Ar and 35Cl and A=51 mirror nuclei 51Fe and 51Mn were populated using fusion-evaporation reactions. The gamma rays were detected in the powerful Ge arrays Gammasphere and GASP, respectively, which operated in conjunction with ancillary detectors for evaporated particles. The resulting mirror energy difference diagrams of the two mirror pairs are interp
The central topics of the thesis are autobiographical memory and metaphors. Three hypotheses are presented: (1) Autobiographical memory is better understood without dichotomizing the declarative (explicit) long-term memory system into semantic and episodic. An alternative model is proposed in which semantic and autobiographical memory are overlapping and the recollective memory is regarded as a me
What role the state should and can play in bringing about economic development is one of the longest standing debates in the economic sciences. Yet, previous research has mostly focused on how a variety of industrial policies affect static efficiency. Few studies have tried to analyze how industrial policy and government intervention affects dynamic efficiency, i.e. an economy's ability to generat
The aim of the present work was to gain better understanding of the mechanisms controlling heat and mass transfer during thermal processing of beefburgers. The effects of different factors such as the chemical composition and comminution of the meat raw material, the pan temperature and the meat patty diameter on the characteristics of heat and mass transfer were studied. The evolution of the char
The development in society and school activities that have taken place during the past twenty years, form the background to the problem in this thesis. Liberal democratisation in the society as a whole and the global explosion of knowledge have made it necessary for teachers continuously to develop new knowledge. The over all aim of the thesis concerned the development of knowledge of variations
The search for polymeric materials with new property profiles has stimulated a great interest into polymer blends and reactive processing. During recent years many new blends have reached the market. Although some of these are homogeneous mixtures of polymers, most commercial blends are composed of immiscible polymers, and contain two or more polymeric phases. The properties of such blends depend
The most central question in the strategic management literature is why some firms are more successful than others, often expressed as an aim to understand sources of competitive advantage. In this thesis, an empirical observation is made that a number of manufacturing plants belonging to the same firm show sustainable differences in financial success, and the question is why. The main theoretical
The aim of this study is to contribute to an increased understanding of the demands that the operation’s character places on management control. The study’s point of departure is the assumption that management control must be adapted to the operation’s character in order to be able to support strategy implementation and the achievement of objectives (contingency theory). The study deals with the d
The analysis of the recorded electrical activity of the heart during an exercise test is a valuable method for investigating a patient's circulatory and respiratory system. But the disturbances that occurr during a test often make it difficult to interpret the signal in order to detect changes evoked by the increased workload and related to for instance coronary artery diseases. Suppression of dis
The pedigree of the elements heavier than iron is a vital question in the history and evolution of our galaxy. The elements up to and including those of the iron group are produced mainly through fusion processes within stars, giving the stars their energy. The even heavier elements are instead mainly produced through neutron capture processes: weak s-process, main s-process and r-process. The wea
The final step in aerobic respiratory pathways is catalyzed by terminal oxidases. Bacteria generally have two or more terminal oxidases. Aerobically grown Bacillus subtilis synthesize three terminal oxidases: one cytochrome c oxidase, cytochrome caa3 and two quinol oxidases, cytochrome aa3 and cytochrome bd. In addition, a fourth cytochrome of bd-type has been predicted from the genome sequence. C
