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Popular Abstract in Swedish Utveckling av blodbildande celler sker i benmärgens mikromiljö, som består av cytokiner och tillväxtfaktorer, stromaceller samt extracellulära matrixmolekyler. Extracellulära matrixproteiner och stromaceller i benmärgen utgör en strukturell miljö för hematopoietiska celler, men adhesiva cell-cell och cell-matrix interaktioner påverkar också direkt hematopoietiska cellerDevelopment of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow takes place in association with the hematopoietic microenvironment. Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules and stromal cells in bone marrow provide a structural environment for hematopoietic cells, but they also directly influence proliferation, differentiation and migration of cells by signal transduction mediated by ligand binding to cell surface a

Popular Abstract in Swedish Atmosfäriskt nedfall är den största källan till miljögiftet PCB i sötvatten. I flertalet vattendrag, exempelvis Emån, fungererar också sediment som en källa. Ett pappersbruk i anslutning till Emån hade använt returpapper som innehöll PCB som råvara. PCB följde med utsläppen till ån och lagrades in i sedimenten. Miljögiftet läckte sedan ut långsamt till vattnet. Största Atmospheric deposition is one source of persistent pollutants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in aquatic environments. Other point sources can also contribute to the PCB loadings in the water. In the Emån River, in southeast Sweden, contaminated sediment was a source of PCB, the largest deposits of it being found in a small lake connected with the river, Lake Järnsjön, the sediment of it c

Popular Abstract in Swedish Pyrimidiner är DNA-byggstenar som är essentiella för cellens överlevnad och delning. I mänskliga celler finns pyrimidiner att tillgå antingen genom återupptag eller genom biosyntes (nysyntes). Biosyntesen av pyrimidiner sker i flera steg och i ett av dem spelar enzymet Dihydroorotat dehydrogenas (DHODH) en avgörande roll genom att katalysera en oxidationsreaktion. När cIn the first part of the PhD work, small chemical entities (fragments) found to inhibit human dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH), were chemically optimized. As part of an ample program at Active Biotech to find new drugs against autoimmune diseases, expanded fragments were repeatedly designed, synthesized and evaluated in a human DHODH assay. Potent inhibitors were identified within three classe

Popular Abstract in Swedish Under de senaste åren har det varit möjligt att skönja hur fenomenet eller begreppet varumärken har spridits från den traditionella marknadsföringsdiskursen och marknadsförare till varnliga konsumenter och deras vardagsdiskurs. Konsumenter kan därför förväntas besitta någon form av förståelse för hur märken som fenomen fungerar. Denna studie fokuserar på hur en sådan vaDuring the recent years the concept or phenomenon of brands and the importance ascribed to them by the traditional marketing discourse seems to have spread to the every day discourse of ordinary consumers. Consumers are therefore thought to posses some kind understanding of how brands as a phenomenon work. This study sets out to investigate how consumers construct such a brand understanding, and w

Boken beskriver hur man på ett kostnadseffektivt sätt minskar risken för avbrott i flödet av varor och tjänster mellan olika led i försörjningskedjan samt säkerställer en snabb återgång till ett stabilt flöde om ett avbrott trots allt inträffar. Ämnesmässigt hamnar boken inom områdena Risk Management, Business Continuity Management och Supply Chain Risk Management. Boken ger läsaren kunskaper om h

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi har studerat hur man kan använda immunsystemet för att behandla råttor med hjärntumör (maligna gliom). Eftersom råttor väldigt sällan utvecklar hjärntumörer, så måste vi injicera tumörceller i hjärnan själva. Om djuren inte får någon behandling dör de vanligen inom ca. 24 dagar. Får de däremot en injektion i buken eller under huden på benet med genmanipulerade tumörcMalignant glioma is, with rare exceptions in younger adults, an uncurable brain tumor, as very few survive more than 1-2 years after diagnosis. Despite advances in recent years, current treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy only prolongs the life of the patients. Because of the poor prognosis, several additional therapies have been investigated and are under development, such a

For the assessment of personal exposure, information about the concentration of pollutants when people are in given indoor environments (occupancy time) are of prime importance. However this kind of data frequently is not reported. The aim of this study was to assess differences in particle characteristics between occupancy time and the total monitoring period, with the latter being the most frequ

Pheromone-based monitoring is a promising new method for assessing the conservation status of many threatened insect species. We examined the versatility and usefulness of pheromone-based monitoring by integrating a pheromone–kairomone trapping system and pitfall trapping system in the monitoring of two saproxylic beetles, the hermit beetle Osmoderma eremita (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) and its pred

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common cause of sexually transmitted infections globally and the leading cause of preventable blindness in the developing world. There are two biovariants of C trachomatis: 'trachoma', causing ocular and genital tract infections, and the invasive 'lymphogranuloma venereum' strains. Recently, a new variant of the genital tract C trachomatis emerged in S

Background. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous group of B-cell lymphomas. Five clinical adverse risk factors are merged into the International Prognostic Index (IPI), which is the major tool for prognostication. In contrast to Hodgkin's lymphoma, gender is not considered as an adverse risk factor for DLBCL patients. As we clinically had observed a very good survival rate in y

Introduction: In contact zones, genetic mixing of two taxa can be restricted by prezygotic (e.g. assortative mating) or postzygotic (lower fitness of hybrid offspring) barriers, or a combination of the two. A hybrid zone between two willow warbler subspecies (Phylloscopus trochilus trochilus, P. t. acredula) with distinctive migratory strategies occurs in central Sweden. These subspecies exhibit d

The papilloma- and polyomaviruses are small DNA viruses that infect humans. Some members of these virus families can cause cancer in experimental animals and some are also established as carcinogenic to humans. Detection of specific antibodies to these viruses allows tracking past and present infections to elucidate natural history and association of infection with subsequent disease. As there are

The microarchitecture of trabecular bone adapts to its mechanical loading environment according to Wolff's law and alters with age. Trabecular bone is a metabolically active tissue, thus, its molecular composition and microarchitecture may vary between anatomical locations as a result of the local mechanical loading environment. No comprehensive comparison of composition and microarchitecture of t

Abstract in UndeterminedThe aim of this study was to evaluate the extent to which water use efficiency (WUE) at leaf scale can be used to assess WUE at canopy scale, leaf WUE being assumed to be a constant function of vapor pressure deficit and to thus not be dependent upon other environmental factors or varying leaf properties. Leaf WUE and its variability and dependencies were assessed using lea

Isoprene emission from Sphagnum species naturally growing at different positions above the water table were measured in a subarctic peatland and at monoliths from a temperate bog. Our objectives were to investigate (1) whether emission rates were species and/or moisture dependent, and (2) whether short-term temperature history had an influence on emission capacity. We expected greater emission cap

Conclusion: Alpha B-crystallin was found to be an independent prognostic marker for poor prognosis in oral cavity tumours. For oropharyngeal cancer, alpha B-crystallin had no prognostic value. Objective: The aim of this study was to see if earlier findings of alpha B-crystallin as an independent prognostic marker, and SPARC/osteonectin, PAI-1 and uPA as a prognostic combination for poor outcome in

Manganese superoxide dismutases (MnSODs) are enzymes that convert two molecules of the poisonous superoxide radical into molecular oxygen and hydrogen peroxide. During the reaction, the manganese ion cycles between the Mn(2+) and Mn(3+) oxidation states and accomplishes its enzymatic action in two half-cycles (corresponding to the oxidation and reduction of O(2)(*-)). Despite many experimental and

The purpose of this study was to develop multimodality SPECT/MRI contrast agents for sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in vivo. METHODS: Nanoparticles with a solid iron oxide core and a polyethylene glycol coating were labeled with (99m)Tc. The labeling efficiency was determined with instant thin-layer chromatography and magnetic separation. The stability of the radiolabeled superparamagnetic iron