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Popular Abstract in Swedish En kontinuerlig alkoholkonsumtion leder till en ökad tolerans för alkohol (dvs en allt större dos krävs för att uppnå samma effekt) och kan slutligen också leda till ett alkoholberoende. Alkoholism är ett betydande samhällsproblem och en personlig tragedi för de som drabbas och deras omgivning. Alkohol har till skillnad från andra beroendeframkallande droger som tex koAlcohol induces profound effects on the function of the nerve cells in the nervous system. Alterations in gene expression is an important way by which these effects could be induced and sustained. Activating Protein-1 (AP-1) is a dimeric transcription factor constituted of proteins from the fos and jun immediate-early gene families. AP-1 induces gene expression of genes having a functional AP-1 bi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Jag har i denna avhandling studerat konflikter mellan könen hos en art som är fakultativt polygyn. Hanar har högre reproduktionsframgång ju fler honor de kan attrahera medan honor som parar sig med polygyna hanar har sämre reproduktionsframgång än monogama honor. Detta skapar en konflikt mellan hane och hona över parningssystem och jag har studerat denna konflikt hos stIn this thesis, I have investigated conflicts of interest in the facultatively polygynous European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) with a focus on female reproductive strategies. The extent to which males provided parental care was a key issue in understanding the mating system of the starling. The amount of male parental care affected the quality of offspring. Polygynous males did not invest more in

Popular Abstract in English Proteins are molecular machines of the human body which regulate all life sustaining processes such as energy production, communication, transport of essential molecules, defense against microbes, etc. They are built by small molecular units called amino acids, bound together like pearls on a necklace. Each amino acid consists of a common part and a unique side chain. TAnisotropic protein interactions have a strong orientation dependence resulting from an uneven distribution of charged and hydrophobic residues on the protein surface. They play an important role in protein behaviors such as protein association, surface adsorption and phase separation. In this thesis, we have studied the effect of anisotropic interactions on the behavior of various proteins mainly

Purpose of this paper The outcome of product development, i.e. the product design, together with the packaging solution, has a great impact on the logistics performance of supply chains. Despite this, packaging has traditionally been given a very modest role in the product development literature as well as in the logistics literature. The aim of this paper is to show how logistics performance an

Popular Abstract in Swedish Betydelsen av tryckinducerad syrgastransport hos övervattensväxter Min avhandling handlar om vikten av att syrgas transporteras till rötter och rhizom hos övervattensväxter som bladvass, kaveldun och säv. Syrgas behövs för cellandningen i alla växtdelar, och i synnerhet i rötterna då de växer fort och har hög ämnesomsättning. Övervattensväxter har rötterna i vattendränThis thesis examines factors regulating growth and distribution of emergent plants with focus on effects of oxygen supply to the roots. Greenhouse experiments revealed that P. australis acclimatizes to specific water depths with phenotypic plasticity. These phenotypic responses act to increase growth at specific water depths but may result in decreased tolerance to changed water depth. Oxygen nee

Two 8-year-old Pinus radiata trees growing in a dry-land plantation forest were subjected to a partial shading treatment for 2 years in order to investigate the responses of photosynthesis and tree growth to a long-term reduction in illuminated leaf area. The lower 60% of the crown of shaded trees was surrounded by 50% neutral density shade cloth. This reduced radiation absorption by 13% for the t

Popular Abstract in Swedish Papillomvirus infekterar ett brett spektrum av ryggradsdjur, såsom människa, olika ap-arter, ko, älg, elefant, ren och bofink. Dessa virus kan ge så vitt skilda symptom som cancer och vårtor. De indelas efter vilken art de infekterar, och inom arterna efter skillnad i DNA-sekvens mellan olika isolat (typer). Hittills har 92 humana papillomvirus (HPV) typer beskrivits, oPapillomaviruses are a diverse, epitheliotropic group of viruses. Some genotypes are the main cause of anogenital cancer in humans; others can induce skin lesions. In order to investigate the occurrence of subclinical skin infections with human papillomavirus (HPV), a pair of degenerate primers (FAP59/64) was designed. Moist cotton-tipped swabs were used as a gentle method of sample collection. Di

The goal of these studies has been to elucidate the biological relevance of post-translational modifications in the context of a living organism. The model system used is photoreceptor differentiation during development of the compound eye in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Important signal transduction pathways in this process consist of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) coupled to a mitoge

Popular Abstract in Swedish Zeoliter är en grupp av kisel-aluminium-föreningar, med karaktäristiska kanalsystem inuti strukturen, som har fått stor användning inom många områden inom teknik och vetenskap. Zeoliternas viktigaste användningsområden är som torkmedel, som molekylsiktar, som jonbytare och som katalysatorer. Användningen av naturligt förekommande zeoliter är relativt liten jämfört med aA highly dealuminated form of zeolite FAU, ultra-stable zeolite Y (USY), was used as an adsorbent matrix in the purification of proteins. Undesired proteins were removed from a crude preparation by adsorption on USY, increasing the purity of an unadsorbed protein (horse radish peroxidase), or the protein of interest was adsorbed on the zeolite and subsequently eluted through changes in the solutio

The role of the mitochondrial protein frataxin in iron storage and detoxification, iron delivery to iron-sulfur cluster biosynthesis, heme biosynthesis and aconitase repair has been extensively studied during the last decade. However, still no general consensus exists on the details of the mechanism of frataxin function and oligomerization. Here, using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and X-ray

Evaluating potentially analgesic effects of drugs and various treatments is critically dependent on valid animal models of pain. Since primary somatosensory (SI) cortex is likely to play an important role in processing sensory aspects of pain, we here assess whether monitoring SI cortex nociceptive C fibre evoked potentials can provide useful information about central changes related to hyperalges

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is diagnosed at the metastatic stage and despite extensive diagnostic work-up the primary tumor often remains unidentified. Limited population-based survival data are available for metastatic location and none are available that link the location with the cause of death, which might give clues about the tissue of origin. A total of 9,306 CUP patients with extranodal