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Molecular radiotherapy combines the advantages of systemic administration of highly specific antibodies or peptides and the localized potency of ionizing radiation. A potential target for molecular radiotherapy is the cell surface antigen CD44v6, which is overexpressed in numerous cancers, with limited expression in normal tissues. The aim of the present study was to generate and characterize a pa
The aim of this work was to study alterations in the matrix composition of human articular cartilage in different stages of osteoarthritis and to isolate and characterize one of the proteins that is altered in the osteoarthritic process. The metabolism of articular cartilage in different stages of osteoarthritis including early asymptomatic OA was monitored in a culture system of metabolically lab
Kaposi's sarcoma occurs as a multicentric proliferation of endothelial cells. A lesion may progress through several histologic stages, culminating in a lesion consisting of spindle cells with marked nuclear atypia that may be indistinguishable from angiosarcoma. To assess the relationship between the nuclear DNA content and the stage, 29 paraffin-embedded biopsy specimens from 25 cases of Kaposi's
Anemia, which may develop due to direct effect of the virus or indirect effect of zidovudine a widely used antiviral agent for the treatment, is not an uncommon complication in human immundeficiency virus (HIV) infections. In this report, a 26 years old male HIV positive patient who developed rapid anemia in the HAART (Highly active anti-retroviral therapy) protocol including zidovudine, was prese
Solid tumors exhibit chromosomal rearrangements resulting in gain or loss of multiple chromosomal loci (copy number variation, or CNV), and translocations that occasionally result in the creation of novel chimeric genes. In the case of breast cancer, although most individual tumors each have unique CNV landscape, the breakpoints, as measured over large datasets, appear to be non-randomly distribut
OBJECTIVE:: To compare the intracranial pressure after resuscitation to normovolemia by using 20% albumin or normal saline in a cat model of meningitis. DESIGN:: Prospective, randomized animal study. SETTING:: University hospital laboratory. SUBJECTS:: Twenty adult, male cats. INTERVENTIONS:: Meningitis was induced by intrathecal injection of Escherichia coli-derived lipopolysaccharide (0.8 × 10 u
Background: Irradiation with ultra-high dose rate (FLASH) has been shown to spare normal tissue without hampering tumor control in several in vivo studies. Few cell lines have been investigated in vitro, and previous results are inconsistent. Assuming that oxygen depletion accounts for the FLASH sparing effect, no sparing should appear for cells irradiated with low doses in normoxia. Methods: Seve
A new type of polymer gel dosimeter, which responds well to absorbed dose even when manufactured in the presence of normal levels of oxygen, was recently described by Fong et al. [Phys. Med. Biol. 46, 3105-3113 (2001)] and referred to by the acronym MAGIC. The aim of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using this new type of gel for intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) verific
Utgångspunkten för uppsatsen har varit att samtliga aktier i ett aktiebolag överlåts till en köpare. I framställningen analyseras hur risken för fel i målbolaget fördelas mellan köpare och säljare med utgångspunkt i köplagens bestämmelser. Från att ha varit en kontroversiell fråga råder det idag inga tveksamheter om att det är köplagens bestämmelser, som lägger grunden för bedömningen av säljarensThe starting point for this thesis has been that all shares in a limited liability company are transferred to a buyer. The presentation analyses how the risk of errors in the target company is divided between the buyer and the seller, based on the provisions of the Sale of Goods Act. From being a controversial issue, there is today no doubt that the provisions of the Sale of Goods Act lay the foun
Popular Abstract in Swedish Cancer är på cellnivå en genetisk sjukdom, i det avseendet att typiska egenskaper för cancerceller, t ex okontrollerad celldelning samt abnorm känslighet för yttre regulatoriska signaler, uppkommer genom förvärvade och ibland ärftliga förändringar, s k mutationer, i cellens arvsmassa. Hur mutationerna uppstår är bara till viss del känt. Somliga förändringar beror på strAcquired genetic alterations, of which many are visible on the chromosome level, are believed to be necessary for tumorigenesis, and most tumors display characteristic patterns of recurrent structural and numerical aberrations. However, two of the most frequently occurring chromosome mutations in malignant and benign solid tumors, i.e., trisomy 7 and rearrangements of 12q13-15, have recently been
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bröstcancer är den typ av cancer som drabbar flest kvinnor i Sverige. Årligen diagnostiseras drygt 7000 kvinnor med bröstcancer och ungefär 1400 dör av sin sjukdom. För att minska bröstcancerdödligheten rekommenderar Socialstyrelsen mammografiscreening där kvinnor över 40 år bjuds in för regelbundna kontroller. Dessa kontroller utförs med digital mammografi som innebär Breast cancer is the most common form of cancer affecting women in the western countries. Today x-ray digital mammography (DM) of the breast is commonly used for early detection of breast cancer. However, the sensitivity of mammography is limited, mainly due to the fact that a 3D volume is projected down to a 2D image. This problem can be partially solved by a tomographic technique. Breast tomosyn
A variety of normal human tissues have been reported to harbor small cell populations carrying potentially oncogenic gene rearrangements. This backdrop of mutant cells may be present in the majority of healthy individuals and is apparently weakly selected against. This may provide empirical support for the concept of global neutrality, or near-neutrality (very weak selection), of many somatic muta
Stora inlandsisar har vid upprepade tillfällen täckt Sveriges yta och den senast inlandsisen började dra sig tillbaka från Bohusläns kust för ca 15 000 år sedan. En inlandsis rör sig sakta framåt över underlaget och när den gör så kan stenar infrusna i isens botten skrapa berggrunden och bilda långa räfflor, flisor kan brytas loss ur berget och stora block kan också frysa fast i isen och transportRamsvikslandet on the Swedish west coast is characterized by exposed bedrock hills with numerous glacial erosional forms. Previous research in the area has mostly focused on individual forms and their relation to the larger forms, such as roches moutonnées. This study takes a more large-scale perspective and aims to reconstruct the subglacial processes based on the erosional forms and their distri
The future of solid-state lighting can be potentially driven by applications of InGaN/GaN core-shell nanowires. These heterostructures provide the possibility for fine-tuning of functional properties by controlling a strain state between mismatched layers. We present a nondestructive study of a single 400 nm-thick InGaN/GaN core-shell nanowire using two-dimensional (2D) X-ray Bragg ptychography (X
A common issue affecting DNA methylation analysis in tumor tissue is the presence of a substantial amount of non-tumor methylation signal derived from the surrounding microenvironment. Although approaches for quantifying and correcting for the infiltration component have been proposed previously, we believe these have not fully addressed the issue in a comprehensive and universally applicable way.
Dynamic and static light scattering measurements have been made on both dilute and semidilute solutions of the threadlike micelles formed in equimolar mixtures of CTAB and sodium naphthalenesulfonate in aqueous solutions. In dilute solution (1 mM), the first normal mode of the chains (tj) was isolated from the contin decay time spectra as a function of measurement angle. The value of t¡ agreed wit
The term osteoarthritis describes a common, age-related, heterogeneous group of disorders characterised pathologically by focal areas of loss of articular cartilage in synovial joints, associated with varying degrees of orsteophyte formation, subchondral bone change, and synovitis. joint damage is caused by a mixture of systemic factors that predispose to the disease, and local mechanical factors
The adsorption of water on two silicon surfaces [reconstructed planar (100)2×1 and single domain stepped (100)2×1 cut 5° towards (011)] was studied using low-energy electron diffraction and digital imaging electron stimulated desorption ion angular distributions (ESDIAD) as a function of temperature (145–700 K) and coverage. Water has been shown previously to chemisorb dissociatively to form surfa
IF steel sheets were processed by conventional symmetric and asymmetric rolling (ASR) at ambient temperature. The asymmetry was introduced in a geometric way using differential roll diameters with a number of different ratios. The material strength was measured by tensile testing and the microstructure was analyzed by optical and transmission electron microscopy as well as electron backscatter dif
The structure of grafted-from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) brushes is investigated as a function of confining stress and system temperature using neutron reflectometry (NR), numerical self-consistent field theory, and the reanalysis of colloid probe atomic force microscopy (AFM) data from the literature. For NR experiments, confinement is achieved using a custom-made sample environment, an
