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Sweden is aiming to become world-leading in utilizing the possibilities of digitalization and is expanding automated government decisions with the use of algorithms and robots. A project sponsored by the Swedish government was initiated in 2017 to spread “Trelleborgsmodellen”, the model of the first municipality to introduce automated income-support processing, to other municipalities in Sweden. W

Denna uppsats ämnar att reda ut beskattning av influencers med ett särskilt fokus på hur beskattningen blir när influencers mottar produkter samt om avdragsrätt ligger förhanden för avgivande företag. Influencer marketing innebär att företag marknadsför sig via influencerns kanaler och som ett led i marknadsföringsstrategin, är det inte helt ovanligt att företag skickar produkter i hopp om att inThis essay will explore the taxation of influencers with a focus on how the taxation occurs in situations where the influencer receives a product and how the tax deduction is possible for the business concerned. Influencer marketing entails companies marketing themselves through the social media channels of influencers, as a marketing strategy. It is not uncommon for companies to send out produc

Fire and grazing, a disaster or opportunity? Due to climate change, disturbances such as forest fires are expected to see an increase in frequency in the 21st century. Fires can increase species diversity since it can create habitats for early successional species. At least if it does not happen too often. Imagine living in a house that burns down every year, it would not be a very nice place to

Produkter vi köper påverkar miljön under hela livscykeln, från produktion till omhändertagande av avfall. Flera studier har visat att en ökad användning av naturresurser är direkt förknippad med en ökad miljöpåverkan. En omställning till mer hållbara alternativ vore därför mer fördelaktigt för miljön. Ett alternativ för en mer hållbar konsumtion är återtillverkning. Återtillverkning är en process An increase in the use of natural resources is directly associated with an increased environmental impact. It is therefore of importance to lead the manufacturing industry towards a route of material efficiency. Remanufacturing is an industrial process that brings a used product and its components back to like-new or better condition. By avoiding manufacturing of new products, great savings in vir

Gröna och förnybara energikällor har under åren sett ökad uppmärksamhet inom forskning och utveckling, där solceller har fått särskild uppmärksamhet. Solceller består av flera lager, eller komponenter, med olika funktioner och den här tesen fokuserar på material som bygger upp det aktiva lagret. Det aktiva lagret är det som absorberar solljus vilket exciterar elektroner till att bilda en elektriskThe interest in energy sources has shifted over the years toward sustainable energy, which has popularized the research in solar cells (among other energy sources). One of the key topics in solar cell research is the power conversion efficiency, and to understand how this can be improved one must understand the photo-induced dynamics of the solar cell material. In this thesis, we modeled the condu

This paper provides an overview of both long-standing and new legal and policy developments concerning Environmental Human Rights Defenders (EHRDs). The focus is on four major components: i) observing different approaches and understandings about EHRDs; ii) analysing the content of international obligations concerning EHRDs and mechanisms for reviewing implementation and accountability; iii) discu

We develop the case for symmetrical assumptions in strategic management theory. Assumptional symmetry obtains when assumptions made about certain actors and their interactions in one of the application domains of a theory are also made about this set of actors and their interactions in other application domains of the theory. We argue that assumptional symmetry leads to theoretical advancement by

Background: Recent knowledge in animals suggests that gut microbial metabolism may affect host metabolism, including appetite regulating hormones. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the potential effects of a whole grain barley kernel product, rich in intrinsic indigestible carbohydrates (dietary fibre and resistant starch), on markers of metabolism and appetite regulation in healthy sub

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to improve the material supply to assembly stations at Nedermans and identify parameters and principles that determine if the components should be stored at the assembly station or in the warehouse. The improvement should reduce the floor space used for assembly, increase the assembly utilization rate and reduce waste of time in the material handling.
Meth

It is very common nowadays to speak of an ''information society'' in which control of information or information based knowledge has replaced control over matter as an ultimate source of economic power. The intellectual creations protected through patents, trade marks, copyrights etc constitute often a huge part of the companies' intangible assets. For example, the value of the

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vattenbaserad målarfärg är ett exempel på en vattenlösning som måste förtjockas för att den skall uppföra sig som vi vill. I en färg med för låg viskositet sjunker alla partiklar snabbt till botten på burken och när man målar kan man bara ta lite färg i penseln om inte färgen skall droppa. För att färgen skall få rätt viskositet tillsätts vattenlösliga polymerer. En braStructure- property relationships and thickening mechanism in aqueous solution of two hydrophobically modified polymers (HM-P) with different architecture have been investigated. The two polymers, hydrophobically modified ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HM-EHEC) and hydrophobically modified polyethylene glycol (HM-PEG), are commonly used as associative thickeners in the paint industry. The strength

Dendritic cells (DC) are a heterogeneous lineage of bone-marrow-derived leukocytes that serve as the link between innate and adaptive immunity. They are professional antigen-presenting cells that play an important protective and regulatory role in both health and disease. This thesis is based upon six original papers that deal with the function and transcription of human DCs, with focus on their r

Background: There is an increasing recognition of epidemics of primarily tubular-interstitial chronic kidney disease (CKD) clustering in agricultural communities in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although it is currently unclear whether there is a unified underlying aetiology, these conditions have been collectively termed CKD of undetermined cause (CKDu). CKDu is estimated to have led

Global comparative studies of the links between economic growth, carbon emissions and ecological footprints as well as social inequality demonstrate that current Western production and consumption patterns and welfare standards are incompatible with environmental limits and IPCC climate targets. To allow for catch-up' development in poorer countries, rich countries would need to ‘degrow’. Against

The response of the ATLAS detector to large-radius jets is measured in situ using 36.2 fb - 1 of s=13 TeV proton–proton collisions provided by the LHC and recorded by the ATLAS experiment during 2015 and 2016. The jet energy scale is measured in events where the jet recoils against a reference object, which can be either a calibrated photon, a reconstructed Z boson, or a system of well-measured sm

It is a universally acknowledged truth that the right to strike is one of the fundamentals of labour law. But what is it exactly? To what extent should it be protected and, thus, which limits are permissible?To find a unique answer to those questions is an uneasy task. In the contemporary multilevel legal framework the right to strike is regulated by a variety of provisions, moving from internatio

This study analyzes transformations in institutions of affordable housing production connected to neoliberalization, which have impacted affordability rates and income gaps in Copenhagen and Istanbul. Also, different types of affordable housing began to develop, such as modular housing of Almenbolig+ in Copenhagen and housing for very low-income people in Istanbul. Increased affordability rates ar

Germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) occurs in nearly half of infants born at less than 26 weeks' gestation. Up to 50% of survivors with IVH develop cerebral palsy, cognitive deficits, behavioral disorders, posthemorrhagic ventricular dilatation, or a combination of these sequelae. After the initial bleeding and the primary brain injury, inflammation and secondary brain injury might l

Introduction: Clothing area factor (fcl) is an indicator of the increase in surface area relative to the nude body for calculation of heat loss from the clothed body to the environment. The aim was to calculate and compare the fcl values from two equations by the photographic method.Method: Thirty-five modern western indoor clothing sets (19 male and 16 female) were tested on a thermal manikin Tor