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Context Developing compilers and static analysis tools (“language tools”) is a difficult and time-consuming task. We have previously presented property probes, a technique to help the language tool developer build understanding of their tool. A probe presents a live view into the internals of the compiler, enabling the developer to see all the intermediate steps of a compilation or analysis rather
Metal fuels can be promising candidates as alternative energy sources and renewable energy carriers within the metal-fuel cycle. They feature high energy density, low environmental impact, and broad production and application. One challenge in metal particle combustion lies in its multi-physics complexity compared to traditional hydrocarbon fuels. This thesis intends to investigate the combustion
This thesis comprises three self-contained chapters that explore how individual behavior, incentives, and institutional frameworks shape the allocation of scarce resources, with particular emphasis on healthcare markets. The first chapter examines the impact of intrinsic truth-telling preferences on consumer welfare within a priority pricing mechanism, in which individuals can gain faster access t
Background: Early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation with an Automated External Defibrillator (AED) increase survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). Although international guidelines recommend the use of AED registries to increase AED use, little is known about implementation. The aim of this paper is to describe the development of a national AED registry, to analy
Title: The key to the positive spiral - A study of musicians views of their practicing. The purpose with this paper is to make clear how continuous practicing on one element affects not just the specific part but also other things. Is it possible to find a positive spiral where everything can be better if you focus your practicing on one thing? Can this element if it is done daily in a qualitative
Background: Lymphoid neoplasms are a heterogeneous group of cancers that originate in the lymphatic cells of the immune system. Several risk factors have been identified or suggested, but they all account for only a small proportion of the lymphoid neoplasm incidence. It has been hypothesised that regular exercise may modulate the immune system and thereby reduce the risk of developing the disease
Smooth muscle cells (SMCs) are constituents of hollow inner organs. Their contractile function governs essential physiological functions, such as breathing, eating, blood pressure control, urination, and childbirth. Skeletal and cardiac muscle cells are terminally differentiated cell types, but SMCs are highly plastic and change their phenotype in disease. Cues presented by the microenvironment an
Objectives: To assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) and their caregivers and to quantify the disease-related costs from a societal perspective. Methods: In the context of a multi-country study of rare diseases (BURQOL-RD project), a cross-sectional survey was performed among MPS patients in seven European countries. Data on demographic char
The overall aim of this thesis is to examine how walking as a transport mode is constructed in the planning realm, affected by the built environment and perceived by the individual. This aim is related to the following research questions: (1) How are pedestrians and walking understood, constructed and perceived in the planning context? (2) How does individual traits and the built environment affec
Background Up-to-date evidence on levels and trends for age-sex-specifi c all-cause and cause-specifi c mortality is essential for the formation of global, regional, and national health policies. In the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) we estimated yearly deaths for 188 countries between 1990, and 2013. We used the results to assess whether there is epidemiological convergence across
We examined the associations of measured anthropometric factors, including general and central adiposity and height, with ovarian cancer risk. We also investigated these associations by menopausal status and for specific histological subtypes. Among 226,798 women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, there were 611 incident cases of primary, malignant,
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a major cause of sudden cardiac death in the young. Based on previous reports of functional abnormalities in not only coronary but also peripheral vessels in adults with HCM, we aimed to assess both peripheral vascular and myocardial diastolic function in young individuals with early stage of HCM and in individuals at risk for HCM. Children, adolescents and you
This thesis examines MTFC (Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care), a multi-modal treatment programme for youth with severe behaviour problems) in a Swedish context. In the United States, the programme has demonstrated encouraging treatment results using specialized foster homes as an alternative to restrictive residential care or group care. The foster parents provide a structured and therapeutic
Popular Abstract in Swedish Gastroesofageal refluxsjukdom innebär att maginnehåll backar (reflux) upp från magsäcken till matstrupen på ett onormalt sätt. Hos den friska individen finns flera mekanismer som skyddar matstrupen från reflux, vilket tydligt åskådliggörs av att man efter en måltid kan ställa sig upp och ner utan att föda backar upp i matstrupen. Vid refluxsjukdom föreligger defekter inEsophageal pH monitoring is important in the clinical management of patients with symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and in research aiming to clarify the mechanisms involved in the development of GERD complications. Catheter-based techniques for pH recording are uncomfortable, not well tolerated by all patients and cannot reliably measure acid exposure in the most dist
This doctoral dissertation presents the development and digital hardware realization of cardiac event detectors. Implantable medical appliances, as the cardiac pacemaker, have progressed from a life sustaining device to a device that considerably improves life quality for all ages. The number of electronic devices and household appliances in everyday live has an ongoing exponential growth. The
We present the results of 3D high-resolution calculations of the last inspiral stages and the final coalescence of neutron star binary systems. The equations of hydrodynamics are solved using the smoothed particle hydrodynamics method with up to 106 particles. Using Newtonian gravity, but adding the forces emerging from the emission of gravitational waves, we focus on the impact of microphysics on
Ion beam analysis techniques are now well established as research tools for a broad range of multidisciplinary scientific fields. The ability to focus an ion beam down to micrometer size has expanded and strengthened the capability of IBA techniques to a higher level. A new field “Nuclear microprobe (NMP) analysis” has been developed over the past decades, in which most IBA techniques are used and
In insects airborne odors are detected by the odorant receptors (ORs) and ionotropic receptors (IRs), located on the dendritic membrane of the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) housed in olfactory sensilla. The OR and IR gene families show high plasticity in lineage expansion and contraction following the birth-and-death evolutionary model. Gene duplication is an important mechanism underlying the
Cold sensitivity is common following nerve injuries in the upper extremity, but is less well studied in carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). We investigated cold sensitivity in CTS and its effects on surgical outcome. A search of the Swedish National Registry for Hand Surgery (HAKIR) for open carpal tunnel releases (OCTR) from 2010–2016 identified 10,746 cases. Symptom severity questionnaires (HQ-8; HAKI
The overall aim of the thesis is to investigate the knowledge problem in regional public transport planning. The knowledge problem is twofold. How do transport policy arrive at the desirable actions they take and how do they assess the alternatives, and what can we say about the contributions of already implemented transport schemes. Paper 1 explores how policy objectives in regional public transp
