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Parasitter og cytokiner i en naturlig populasjon I naturen finner vi utallige eksempler på arter som har spesialisert seg på å utnytte andre arter for næring, trygghet og overlevelse. Denne spesialiseringen kalles parasitisme, og har ofte en kostnad for verten i form av redusert helse og livskvalitet. Hos däggdjur, er en stor parasittgruppe innvollsparasitter. nematoder som lever i tarmene og sugAbstract In nature, the coexistence of parasites and hosts has been an important factor in evolution of the immune system, which can be found in all plants and animals. As parasitic infections are by definition affect overall fitness of the host, it is important for the host to be able to counteract the detrimental effects of infections. To ensure this, signaling molecules, known as cytokines, e

Popular Abstract in Swedish Elektromagnetiska fält finns idag överallt och är en förutsättning för att det moderna samhället ska fungera. Utan att fundera närmare på det, använder vi oss ständigt av de elektromagnetiska fältens förmåga att trådlöst överföra information och energi. Några exempel är; uppvärmning av mat i mikron och på induktionshällen, samtal i mobiltelefonen, uppdatering av status In this thesis, an inverse source reconstruction method with great potential in radome diagnostics is presented. A radome is a cover that encloses an antenna in order to protect it from environmental influences. Radome diagnostics are acquired in the design process, the delivery control, and in performance verification of repaired and newly developed radomes. A measured near or far field may indic

Written submissions or comments as a response on an EIS (Environmental Impact Statement) rank as one of the most common forms of public participation. Within public participation research there appears to be an international dearth of knowledge concerning such written submissions. The possible impact of such responses on an EIS is - with few exceptions - seldom put in focus. The aim in the present

In Swedish higher formal aesthetic education, students from ethnic minorities are significantly underrepresented. This also seems to be the case in music education for younger children. Accordingly, the relationship between music education and the ethnic diversity of the contemporary Swedish society, not reflected in the selection of students to the Swedish music and culture schools, is of vital iIn Swedish higher formal aesthetic education, students from ethnic mi-norities are significantly underrepresented. This also seems to be the case in music education for younger children. Accordingly, the relation-ship between music education and the ethnic diversity of the contem-porary Swedish society, not reflected in the selection of students to the Swedish music and culture schools, is of vita

About 10% of the patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) develop malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), accounting for half of all MPNST cases. Several nonrandom chromosomal aberrations have been found, but the target genes remain mostly unrecognized. Mutations in the NF1 and TP53 genes have been found in some MPNSTs, and recent data from mouse models support a synergistic effect

Objectives. To study electrocardiogram (ECG) in relation to forensic diagnosis in young persons who suffered a sudden cardiac death (SCD) in Sweden during 1992-99. Design. A register study of a national database of forensic medicine in Sweden, selecting all cases of SCD 15-35 years of age. In this group, 12-lead ECGs and clinical data were searched for in military conscription and medical records.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Brist på fria radikaler kan ge artrit Fagocytiska celler i vårt immunförsvar producerar fria syre-radikaler för att eliminera fagocyterade (uppätna) mikroorganismer. Produktionen av dessa syre-radikaler sker med hjälp av ett enzymkomplex (NADPH oxidas) i cellmembranet samt i membranet på de fagosomer, innehållande mikroorganismer, som bildas i och med fagocytos. MännisThe aim of this thesis is to defend a novel mechanism that triggers arthritis susceptibility in both rats and mice through reduced production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), but also to introduce a novel model for chronic relapsing arthritis. Five papers are included, all of which employ animal models for rheumatoid arthritis and one that also uses animal models for multiple sclerosis. Paper I a

Popular Abstract in Swedish Artiodactyla (partåiga hovdjur) är uppdelad i tre underordningar, Suiformes (grisar och flodhästar), Tylopoda (kameler och lamor) och Ruminantia (kor, hjortar, antiloper och giraffer). Studien syftade till att analysera släktskapen mellan de olika underordningarna och ordningen Cetacea (valar) genom att sekvensera mitokondrie DNA och jämföra sekvenserna. I våra släktskArtiodactyla (eved-toed ungulates) and Cetacea (whales) are two mammalian orders that are commonly recognised as sistergroups. Recently it has been suggested that Cetacea originated within Artiodactyla, but the relationships among the different artiodactyl lineages and Cetacea have not been conclusively established. In the present study the mitochondrial genome of the pig (Sus scrofa), the hippopo

Slow-release strong opioids (SRSO) are indicated in patients with severe chronic pain. Side effects, lack of efficacy and risk of dependency limit their use in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to explore prescription patterns of SRSO in Swedish real-world data on patients with a diagnosis related to chronic pain (DRCP). Patient-level data were extracted from the national prescriptions

Introduction Individual cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention is an effective treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, individual CBT is costly and time-consuming, requiring weekly therapy sessions for 3-4 months. A 4-day intensive version of CBT for OCD delivered in group format has been recently developed in Norway (Bergen 4-day treatment, B

Abstract Abiotic environmental factors play a fundamental role in determining the distribution, abundance, and adaptive diversification of species. Empowered by new technologies enabling rapid and increasingly accurate examination of genomic variation in populations, researchers may gain new insights into the genomic background of adaptive radiation and stress resistance. We investigated genomic v

Background and purpose — With a rapidly increasing population in need of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), there is renewed interest in cost-saving all-polyethylene designs. Differences between metal-backed and all-polyethylene designs in initial component migration assessed by radiostereometric analysis (RSA), a proven predictor for late aseptic loosening, have been scantily reported. The purpose of

TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer. This gene shows not only loss-of-function mutations but also recurrent missense mutations with gain-of-function activity. We have studied the primary bone malignancy osteosarcoma, which harbours one of the most rearranged genomes of all cancers. This is odd since it primarily affects children and adolescents who have not lived the long life

BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication after major surgical procedures. We examined the incidence, risk factors, and mortality of patients who sustained AKI after abdominal surgery in a large population-based cohort.METHODS: All patients who underwent open and laparoscopic abdominal surgery (excluding genitourinary and abdominal vascular procedures), between 2007 and 2014

Background and purpose — Reported revision rates due to dislocation after hemiarthroplasty span a wide range. Dislocations treated with closed reduction are rarely reported despite the fact that they can be expected to constitute most of the dislocations that occur. We aimed to describe the total dislocation rate on the national level, and to identify risk factors for dislocation. Patients and met

To preserve biodiversity and ecosystem services, company engagement is crucial. However, available data on manager views and perceptions regarding nature conservation in particular is rare. The presented survey data gives insights into current levels and forms of business commitments for nature conservation. The data contributes to understanding business attitudes towards voluntary conservation ac

BACKGROUND: Lynch syndrome is a rare familial cancer syndrome caused by pathogenic variants in the mismatch repair genes MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, or PMS2, that cause predisposition to various cancers, predominantly colorectal and endometrial cancer. Data are emerging that pathogenic variants in mismatch repair genes increase the risk of early-onset aggressive prostate cancer. The IMPACT study is prospect

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic surgery remains limited in low-resource settings. We aimed to examine its use in Mexico and determine associated factors.METHODS: By querying open-source databases, we conducted a nationwide retrospective analysis of three common surgical procedures (i.e., cholecystectomies, appendectomies, and inguinal hernia repairs) performed in Mexican public hospitals in 2021. Procedu

ObjectiveTricuspid annuloplasty is associated with increased risk of atrioventricular block and subsequent implantation of a permanent pacemaker. However, the exact incidence of permanent pacemaker, associated risk factors, and outcomes in this frame remain debated. The aim of the study was to report permanent pacemaker incidence, risk factors, and outcomes after tricuspid annuloplasty from nation

Background: The World Health Organization has adopted a resolution on sepsis and urged member states to develop national processes to improve sepsis care. In Sweden, sepsis was selected as one of the ten first diagnoses to be addressed, when the Swedish government in 2019 allocated funds for patient-centred clinical pathways in healthcare. A national multidisciplinary working group, including a pa