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Right to access to justice is one of the most important human rights. Human rights are meaningless if they cannot be enforced. Thus access to legal assistance, fair trails and effective remedies are essential for a fair and just society. It is a widely accepted fact that qualified legal aid is one of the most important components of the access to justice. This right is guaranteed to everyone inclu

In laryngectomized patients a tracheo-esophageal artificial fistula can be used to achieve air flow from the trachea to the esophagus during speech. A one-way plastic valve is often used for the fistula. A free jejunal graft between the trachea and the esophagus can also be used. To avoid aspiration the transplant is attached to the submental area giving the graft a siphon-like shape. We performed

Generation of clusters of free eosinophil granules (Cfegs), through lysis of eosinophils, has recently been proposed as a major paradigm for ultimate activation of airway mucosal eosinophils. In the present study involving patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis, we have investigated whether generation of Cfegs in the nasal mucosa is a feature of allergic rhinitis. Nasal mucosal biopsies were obt

This thesis studies the feasibility of a cavity based X-ray free electron laser in a fourth generation storage ring. The cavity design allows for modulation of the electron beam over several passes through the undulator. Simulations based on the PETRA IV facility are done to create the photon flux spectrum of a light pulse produced by an undulator. This spectrum is subsequently modeled to pass thr

The free neutral nanoscale NaCl clusters have been produced in a beam and studied with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. High resolution spectra simultaneously containing cluster and molecular-monomer, featuring in both the valence and core-level Na 2p and Cl 2p regions, have been obtained. Cluster-level energy shifts of around 3 eV toward lower binding energy for Na 2p and approximate to 1 eV tow

Purpose: The balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) pulse sequence has shown to be of great interest due to its high signal-to-noise ratio efficiency. However, bSSFP images often suffer from banding artifacts due to off-resonance effects, which we aim to minimize in this paper. Methods: We present a general and fast two-step algorithm for 1) estimating the unknowns in the bSSFP signal model

This paper provides an analysis of the EU ETS harmonised benchmark-based allocation procedures by comparing two energy-intensive sectors with activities in three Member States (MS); the cement industry (CEI) and the pulp and paper industry (PPI) in UK, Sweden and France. Results show that the new procedures are better suited for the homogenous CEI, for which allocation is to decrease in a consiste

Despite the fact of being considered as one of the safest regions in the world, the EU reports a wide number of cases of human trafficking every year in its Member States. Moreover, free movement of persons that EU membership grants makes it easier for human trafficking criminals to transport and exploit victims within Member States. The country that has shown by far to have the largest number of

High flux extreme ultraviolet (XUV) sources like the free electron laser (FEL) in Hamburg (FLASH) offer the possibility of diffractive imaging of small objects. Irrespective of whether the diffraction is based on the detection of photons or photoelectrons, it is required that the measurement is done in the reference frame of the molecule meaning that, for a sample of several molecules, it is neces

In the Philippines, the post-Marcos era has seen little decrease in violence against journalists. The onset of democratization in 1986 gave way for more press freedom, yet the 78 journalists killed since question the notion of a functioning free press in a nation that prides itself as being the “freest” in the Southeast Asian region. The study posits that the condition of the Philippines as a weak

A light pulse that travels through a narrow spectral window, i.e. a frequency range of low absorption, within a strongly absorbing frequency range will be delayed due to strong dispersion. If however, the absorbing structure is inverted, such that it is amplifying instead, one will see that a pulse travelling through this window will have its pulse peak come out of the material before it is sent i

Packaging-free grocery shopping enables consumers to avoid single-use packaging and buy specific quantities tailored to their needs. Despite its benefits, it faces challenges such as limited product variety and availability. This qualitative study explores the motivations, behaviors, and strategies of individuals who engage in or discontinue packaging-free shopping, including how they combine pack

We present and discuss the complete set of infrared-active phonon modes in monoclinic-symmetry crystal modification gallium oxide (gallia, β-Ga2O3). The phonon mode set is obtained from a comprehensive analysis of generalized spectroscopic ellipsometry data in the farinfrared and infrared spectral regions investigating various n-type electrically conductive single crystal samples with different fr

A search for the leptonic charge asymmetry (Acℓ) of top-quark-antiquark pair production in association with a W boson (tt¯ W) is presented. The search is performed using final states with exactly three charged light leptons (electrons or muons) and is based on s = 13 TeV proton-proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN during the years 2015–2018,

Salla disease is a lysosomal storage disorder of unknown etiology, characterized biochemically by increased urinary excretion of N-acetylneuraminic acid. This compound has now been shown to occur in abnormally large amounts in liver and cultured skin fibroblasts from these patients. Quantification of N-acetylneuraminic acid was performed using a new gas-chromatography/mass spectrometric single-ion

This study investigated the feasibility of targeting the free, unbound forms of prostate-specific antigen (fPSA) for in vivo imaging of prostate adenocarcinomas (PCa), as PSA is produced and secreted at abundance during every clinical stage and grade of PCa, including castration-resistant disease. We injected (125)I-labeled monoclonal antibody PSA30 (specific for an epitope uniquely accessible on