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The observational relationship between obesity and periodontitis is widely known, yet causal evidence is lacking. Our objective was to investigate causal associations between periodontitis and body mass index (BMI).

A fast 2D motion estimator has been developed and evaluated. The method does not utilize block-matching or iterative solutions and is thus more computationally efficient and suitable for real-time motion estimation over the entire image. The method has been evaluated on 1) phantom measurements and 2) in vivo on the carotid artery wall of 17 subjects, where measurements of the longitudinal displace

The majority of acute coronary syndromes are caused by plaque ruptures. Proteases secreted by macrophages play an important role in plaque ruptures by degrading extracellular matrix proteins in the fibrous cap. Matrix metalloproteinases have been shown to be markers for cardiovascular disease whereas the members of the cathepsin protease family are less studied.

Treatment with IgG against the malondialdehyde (MDA)-modified apolipoprotein B-100 epitope p45 reduces atherosclerosis in experimental models. This study investigated the association between p45 IgG autoantibodies and plaque inflammation in subjects with advanced cardiovascular disease.

OBJECTIVE: Lipids are central to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Specifically, which lipids are culprits remains controversial, and promising targets have failed in clinical studies. Sphingolipids are bioactive lipids present in atherosclerotic plaques, and they have been suggested to have both proatherogenic and antiatherogenic. However, the biological effects of these lipids remain u

Many existing protocols for neuronal differentiation of human pluripotent cells result in heterogeneous cell populations and unsynchronized differentiation, necessitating the development of methods for labeling specific cell populations. Here we describe how microRNA-regulated lentiviral vectors can be used to visualize specific cell populations by exploiting endogenous microRNA expression pattern

Stem cell therapies for neurological disorders are rapidly moving towards use in clinical trials. Before initiation of clinical trials, extensive pre-clinical validation in appropriate animal models is essential. However, grafts of human cells into the rodent brain are rejected within weeks after transplantation and the standard methods of immune-suppression for the purpose of studying human xenog

Objectives: To determine socioeconomic inequalities in frequent knee pain (FKP), knee osteoarthritis (OA), and associated health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Sweden. Method: In 2007 a postal questionnaire about knee pain was sent to a random sample of 10 000 residents of Malmö, Sweden (7402 individuals responded). Subjects reporting pain with duration ≥ 4 weeks in one or both knees in the pa

The central hallmark of Parkinson's disease pathology is the aggregation of the α-synuclein protein, which, in its healthy form, is associated with lipid membranes. Purified monomeric α-synuclein is relatively stable in vitro, but its aggregation can be triggered by the presence of lipid vesicles. Despite this central importance of lipids in the context of α-synuclein aggregation, their detailed m

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of monogenic conditions underlying stroke are being identified. We explored the possibilities of increasing the diagnostic yield of monogenic stroke in a population under 56 years of age. METHODS: Fifty probands ≤55 years at their first stroke episode were characterized clinically and investigated by whole genome sequencing. Probands had one or more of: (1) one or

Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) in the tumor microenvironment are prognostically beneficial in many solid cancer types. Reports on TLS in high-grade serous tubo-ovarian carcinoma (HGSC) are few, and the prognostic impact is unclear. We investigated mature TLS (mTLS), immature TLS (iTLS) and lymphoid aggregates (LA) in primary adnexal tumors (PTs) and synchronous omental/peritoneal metastases (p

Background: The European Union recently recommended evaluation of the feasibility of organised prostate cancer screening. In Sweden, regional population-based organised prostate cancer testing (OPT) programmes were introduced in 2020. Objective: To describe initial participation rates and diagnostic outcomes. Design, setting, and participants: The three most populated Swedish regions invited all m

Blind or low-vision (BLV) individuals often have reduced independent mobility, yet new aids fails in increasing it, are not adopted enough, or both. A major cause is a severe deficiency in how mobility aids are assessed in the field: there are no established methods or measures and those used often have poor relevancy, insight affordances, and reproducibility; probing how actual BLV participants r

Starting from a single layer of NbS2 grown on graphene by molecular beam epitaxy, the single unit cell thick 2D materials Nb5/3S3-2D and Nb2S3-2D are created using two different pathways. Either annealing under sulfur-deficient conditions at progressively higher temperatures or deposition of increasing amounts of Nb at elevated temperature result in phase-pure Nb5/3S3-2D followed by Nb2S3-2D. The

In the present study, three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS) of experimental ammonia/air premixed jet flames with different turbulent intensities were performed. The DNS results were first compared to the measurements with good agreements. Based on the DNS data, the turbulent flame structure, stabilization mechanism and NO emission characteristics of the flames were investigated. It

This chapter provides a brief yet comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art in semiconductor characterization using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The concept of ellipsometry as optical technique to determine the state of polarization of light reflected or transmitted from complex-structured and multiple layered semiconductor materials is introduced and laid out in the framework of the Jones vec

Since the first derivation of human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) 27 years ago, technologies to control their differentiation and manufacturing have advanced immensely, enabling increasing numbers of clinical trials with hPSC-derived products. Here, we revew the landscape of interventional hPSC trials worldwide, highlighting available data on clinical safety and efficacy. As of December 2024, we

Exposure to diesel exhaust is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular and lung disease. Substituting petroleum diesel with renewable diesel can alter emission properties but the potential health effects remain unclear. This study aimed to explore toxicity and underlying mechanisms of diesel exhaust from renewable fuels. Using proximity extension assay (Olink), 92 proteins linked to inflam

Electron paramagnetic resonance of Cr3+ ions in β -Ga2O3 is investigated using terahertz spectroscopic ellipsometry under magnetic field sweeping, a technique that enables the polarization resolving capabilities of ellipsometry for magnetic resonance measurements. We employed a single-crystal chromium-doped β -Ga2O3 sample, grown by the Czochralski method, and performed ellipsometry measurements a

Detailed characterization of the unsteady combustion behaviors of individual aluminum (Al) droplets is scarce, due to the experimental challenges in resolving the transient phenomena at the micrometer scale. In this work, we spatiotemporally elucidate the complex interplay, including droplet coalescence, eruption, and fragmentation, of individually burning Al droplets and alumina (Al2O3) products,