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Aim: To determine the importance of different biogeographical processes (vicariance, dispersal, long-distance dispersal and establishment or LDDE) for the current distribution of metalmark moths, a group of small insects, using a time-calibrated molecular tree. Location: Global. Methods: We sampled 104 species of metalmark moths with representatives from all six major biogeographical regions of th
The reaction between the SO5– radical and MnII has been proposed to be the most important process for regeneration of MnIII in the MnIII/II-catalysed autoxidation of SIV in acidic aqueous solution. In the present study, the second-order rate constant for this reaction has been determined at pH 3. 0 and 10 mmol dm–3 ionic strength by use of pulse radiolysis. The study was performed in the presence
Background and purpose — Reported revision rates due to dislocation after hemiarthroplasty span a wide range. Dislocations treated with closed reduction are rarely reported despite the fact that they can be expected to constitute most of the dislocations that occur. We aimed to describe the total dislocation rate on the national level, and to identify risk factors for dislocation. Patients and met
Nomenclatural type definitions are one of the most important concepts in biological nomenclature. Being physical objects that can be re-studied by other researchers, types permanently link taxonomy (an artificial agreement to classify biological diversity) with nomenclature (an artificial agreement to name biological diversity). Two proposals to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for alg
Electric breakdown in semihomogeneous geometries has been studied in n-hexane and transformer oil using a laser triggering method for fields far below the spontaneous breakdown field. The method uses a laser-produced plasma to initiate the breakdown. Strong self focusing in the liquids was limited by increasing the numerical aperture of the laser beam to > 0.20 prior to focusing. Electrical breakd
Near-surface remote sensing techniques are essential monitoring tools to provide spatial and temporal resolutions beyond the capabilities of orbital methods. This high level of detail is especially helpful to monitor specific plant communities and to accurately time the phenological stages of vegetation - which satellites can miss by days or weeks in frequently clouded areas such as the Arctic. In
Time-varying signals, such as sound waves, low-frequency vibrations from the earth, or electrical impulses in the human body, are often non-stationary, meaning their characteristics change over time. Because of this, standard spectral analysis methods, which assume stationary signals, cannot be used for analyzing such signals, as they discard the time-varying dynamics. This necessitates methods fo
Introduction: The presence of fibrillatory waves (f-waves) is important in the diagnosis of atrial fibrillation (AF), which has motivated the development of methods for f-wave extraction. We propose a novel approach to benchmarking methods designed for single-lead ECG analysis, building on the hypothesis that better-performing AF classification using features computed from the extracted f-waves im
What if Women Ruled the World? Yael Bartana stages this question in her performative piece Two Minutes to Midnight. The all-female government of a fictional nation is tasked with addressing an imminent nuclear threat posed by a foreign power. A panel composed of actresses and real-life experts in defense, law, politics, and psychology gathers in a democratic “peace room.” This space reflects the t
The separation of multiple transmit waveforms with time and frequency synchronization constitutes a considerable challenge for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) synthetic aperture radar (SAR) systems. It is well-known that aliased signal returns may be separable by digital beamforming (DBF) on receive in elevation. However, the current orthogonal-waveform beamforming schemes significantly incr
Non-metropolitan regions are considered more exposed to external shocks than their metropolitan counterparts, while having lower capacities to change. However, there is considerable variation among non-metropolitan regions. We argue that this variation can be captured theoretically by modelling the dynamic interplay between perceived and real opportunity spaces and agency. We empirically analyse r
This thesis describes the work done on two open access microcavities that aims at detecting single rare-earth ions for quantum information applications. The initial microcavity faced mechanical instability due to its geometry, which limited robust design possibilities due to the 25 mm diameter space of the helium bath cryostat. A Purcell enhancement of 2.2 was realized for nanoparticles at 2.1 K,
Finding a wear resistant coating for cemented carbide cutting tools in the machining of difficult to cut Ti alloys is a challenge due to their high strength and chemical reactivity. Tool manufacturers recommend physical vapor deposited (PVD) TixAl1-xN (x = 0.4–0.7), and an extra NbN overlayer has shown promising potential. This study explores wear mechanisms of PVD Ti0.45Al0.55N with and without N
OBJECTIVE: To monitor serum concentrations of the aggrecan alanine-arginine-glycine-serine (ARGS) neoepitope in a clinical trial of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-5 inhibition as disease-modifying therapy of knee osteoarthritis, and to investigate relationships between reduction in ARGS and change in cartilage thickness, knee-related pain and function. DESITo monitor serum concentrations of the aggrecan alanine-arginine-glycine-serine (ARGS) neoepitope in a clinical trial of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs (ADAMTS)-5 inhibition as disease-modifying therapy of knee osteoarthritis, and to investigate relationships between reduction in ARGS and change in cartilage thickness, knee-related pain and function.DesignROCCELLA t
Animal migration is a fascinating phenomenon that has puzzled mankind since the time of ancient Greece. It is a process widespread across a varied range of taxa and it shines especially in birds which, because of their mobility, display an amazing diversity of routes and strategies. With the advances in tracking devices and improvements of sequencing technologies, recent work provides support for
Background: Gambling disorder is associated with increased suicidality, especially in women who also are more likely to have psychiatric comorbid disorders and more often have experiences of traumatic life events. Although suicidality is increased and several risk factors have been identified, knowledge of the suicidal process is lacking, especially for women. Aim: To explore the lived experiences
Successful implementation of plasma-assisted combustion in applied thermal processes heavily relies on how the plasma can be formed as it interacts with the reactive flow and what the effects are of such a plasma on the combustion process. The current study is an experimental investigation of a plasma-assisted lifted flat methane–air flame by a nanosecond pulsed discharge at atmospheric pressure.
Aims. DE Boo is a unique system, with an edge-on view through the debris disk around the star. The disk, which is analogous to the Kuiper belt in the Solar System, was reported to extend from 74 to 84 AU from the central star. The high photometric precision of the Characterising Exoplanet Satellite (CHEOPS) provided an exceptional opportunity to observe small variations in the light curve due to t
