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Dutch elm disease (DED), caused by the fungi Ophiostoma ulmi and O. novo-ulmi, has reduced elm populations severely in Europe and North America. Breeding programmes are in action to find less susceptible elm varieties suitable for re-establishing elm stands. Bark beetles, mainly Scolytus spp., are the only known natural vectors of DED. During twig feeding, beetles transfer Ophiostoma spores to hea
Background: Particle exposure is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a primary target for oxidative stress generated by particle exposure. We aimed to elucidate the effects of occupational exposure to particle-containing welding fumes on different biomarkers of mtDNA function, and in turn, explore if they modify the association between particle exposure and card
Neural transplantation holds promise for focal CNS repair. Owing to the shortage of human donor material, which is derived from aborted embryos, and ethical concerns over its use, animal donor tissue is now considered an appropriate alternative. In the USA, individuals suffering from Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, focal epilepsy or stroke have already received neural grafts from pig em
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BACKGROUND: A department of forensic medicine (DFM) can be a valuable source for tissue donation, but logistics can prove difficult to overcome as it pertains to obtaining tissues for donation. This article describes the potential of tissues that can be procured for transplantation.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sweden has 9.7 million inhabitants, with an annual mortality rate of 90 000 and 5500 medicoleg
During the past two years, significant advances have been made in the development of NMR methods for studying biomolecular dynamics on the microsecond to millisecond timescale. Applications of these methods to biologically relevant systems have provided compelling evidence that, in many cases, conformational dynamics on these timescales govern the rates of biomolecular recognition and catalysis.
This paper presents a systematic approach to robust preconditioning for gradient based non-linear inverse scattering algorithms. In particular, one- and two-dimensional inverse problems are considered where the permittivity and conductivity profiles are unknown and the input data consists of the scattered field over a certain bandwidth. A time-domain least-squares formulation is employed and the i
Scan circuit testing generally causes excessive switching activity compared to normal circuit operation. This excessive switching activity causes high peak and average power consumption. Higher peak power causes, supply voltage droop and excessive heat dissipation. This paper proposes a scan cell reordering methodology to minimize the peak power consumption during scan shift operation. The propose
It has been suggested that neural mechanisms may contribute to effects of the incretin hormones, and, therefore, also to the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP-4) inhibition. We therefore examined whether muscarinic mechanisms are involved in the stimulation of insulin secretion by DPP-4 inhibition. Fasted, anesthetized mice were given intraperitoneal saline or the muscarinic antagonist atropine
In 1997 the Ugandan government introduced a reform program with the ambition to implement universal primary education. The abolition of tuition fees would ideally guarantee access to the public service delivery system as far as primary education is concerned and help to integrate underprivileged groups with the rest of the diverse society. The launch of universal primary education in Uganda implie
Rust aims to bring safety to low-level programming by using zero-cost ab- stractions. These provide, among other things, guaranteed memory safety and threading without data races. Garbage collected languages have become popular to guarantee safety, but in performance critical, memory limited or real time applications, it is not an ideal solution. Rust is safe and still has manual memory managemen
Although nanoparticles (NPs) are very small, their field in science is currently growing very large. There are several biological, medical and technical applications possible for NPs when bound to proteins. Protein-NP interactions are difficult to predict and therefore a lot of fundamental research is yet to be completed. This study is an attempt to contribute with the aim to explore the interacti
Domestic work is one of the oldest and most important occupations for many women in many countries. However, it is one of the occupations that are still undervalued and neglected. It is often regarded as unskilled because most women have traditionally been considered capable of doing the work. When paid, the work remains undervalued and poorly regulated. These days, it is also a global phenomenon
The aim of this essay is to investigate and analyze the term exlusion and the difference between exclusion and non-exclusion from refugee status and alternative protection status according to swedish asylum law and jurisprudence, and how the application of national law corresponds to international doctrine and guidlines. During the course of this essay it has been detected that when trying to draw
Green care is a new business venture that seeks to sell nature-based services for social and therapeutic purposes. In recent years, political, scientific and professional interest in green care has been growing in Sweden. Green care practitioners have begun the process of drawing closer links between agriculture and healthcare in an effort to encourage multi-sectorial thinking by allowing private
