Filetype
Digital signatures are widely deployed to authenticate the source of incoming information, or to certify data integrity. Common signature verification procedures return a decision (accept/reject) only at the very end of the execution. If interrupted prematurely, however, the verification process cannot infer any meaningful information about the validity of the given signature. We notice that this
After endorsing the UN Guiding Principles on business and human rights (UNGPs) in 2011, the UN began in 2014 work on a possible treaty on business and human rights. This brief explains the progression of legal reasoning around corporate human rights responsibilities during the last two decades. One can identify three stages, or “baselines”, that were drawn in the mid-2000s, in 2011, and post-2014
Interaction dynamics are difficult to model analytically, making data-driven controllers preferable for contact-rich manipulation tasks. In this work, we approximate the intricate dynamics of food-cutting with a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model to apply a Model Predictive Controller (MPC). We propose a problem formulation that allows velocity-controlled robots to learn the interaction dynamics
There is substantial evidence that women tend to support different policies and political candidates than men. Many studies also document gender differences in a variety of important preference dimensions, such as risk-taking, competition and pro-sociality. However, the degree to which differential voting by men and women is related to these gaps in more basic preferences requires an improved unde
Many countries use tax legislation as a cultural policy instrument. This includes tax incentives for arts organizations and their benefactors. This chapter analyzes what a tax incentive is, what its positive and negative sides are, and how governments use it to support the arts and cultural organizations. Tax incentives for giving, the possibility of paying tax with art, reduced value added tax ra
The COVID-19 pandemic had disastrous effects on health and economic activity worldwide, including in the Euro Area. The application of mandatory lockdowns contributed to a sharp fall in production and a rise in unemployment, inducing an expansionary fiscal and monetary response. Using a uniquely large macro database, this paper examines the effects of the pandemic and the ensuing economic policies
With the advancement of the next generation of cellular systems, flexible mechanisms for Discontinuous Reception (DRX) are needed in order to save energy. 5G will bring heterogeneous packet sizes and traffic types, as well as an increasing need for energy efficiency. The current static DRX mechanism is inadequate to meet these needs. In this paper we exploit channel prediction to develop integer p
Tourism is consistently affected by a change. Whether it be economic, social, and cultural, or whether it be technological and environmental, which are the focus of much contemporary tourism scholarship. Furthermore, change occurs at different scales and is uneven over space and time. Therefore, while all change is experienced locally, global overviews such as that provided in this book can only p
The COVID-19 pandemic had disastrous effects on health and economic activity worldwide, including in the Euro Area. The application of mandatory lockdowns contributed to a sharp fall in production and a rise in unemployment, inducing an expansionary fiscal and monetary response. Using a uniquely large macro database, this paper examines the effects of the pandemic and the ensuing economic policies
Teacher education for upper secondary school in Sweden is mainly university-based but with parts of the studies as school-based courses. To tackle the main obstacles to pre-service teachers’ placements, and to strengthen collaboration regarding quality and collaborative research, a new national policy is being implemented, which changes the prerequisites for collaboration between schools and unive
An overview is given of general-purpose event generators, especially PYTHIA and HERWIG. The current status is summarized, some recent physics improvements are described, and planned future projects are outlined.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the western world. With the application of theoretical physics to the clinic, a variety of imaging technologies are available to the physician for diagnosing and accurately quantifying disease progression. These tools can influence how therapies are applied and impact patient outcome. Radiographic methods based on x-rays are used for diagnosi
In the management of Parkinson's disease, reliable diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed. The diagnosis of Parkinson's disease mostly relies on clinical symptoms, which hampers the detection of the earliest phases of the disease—the time at which treatment with forthcoming disease-modifying drugs could have the greatest therapeutic effect. Reliable prognostic markers could help
This paper elaborates theoretical and methodological aspects of design processes in a disability context and aims to relate them to other sciences. It particularly emphasizes situated aspects of research: the need for being there, with the users in their
To achieve their business objectives, software developing companies employ different technical and managerial strategies concerning architecture and reuse. These strategies include component-based development, software platforms, product lines and highly configurable code bases. Frameworks for describing these strategies have recently emerged, presenting them in orders of increasing maturity, with
BACKGROUND: Improved surgical techniques and oncological treatment render many advanced pelvic tumors amenable to curative resection. We evaluated morbidity, survival, and quality of life (QoL) after extended pelvic procedures. METHODS: From January 2003 to November 2008, 85 patients underwent multivisceral pelvic resection; 87% had colorectal or anal malignancies. Preoperatively, endoscopy and im
