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The critical levels for ozone effects on vegetation have been reviewed and revised by the LRTAP Convention. Eight new or revised critical levels based on the accumulated stomatal flux of ozone (POD gamma, the Phytotoxic Ozone Dose above a threshold flux of Y nmol m(-2) PLA s(-1), where PLA is the projected leaf area) have been agreed. For each receptor, data were combined from experiments conducte

Soil phosphorus (P) composition changes with ecosystem development, leading to changes in P bioavailability and ecosystem properties. Little is known, however, about how soil P transformations proceed with ecosystem development in boreal regions. We used 1-dimensional P-31 and 2-dimensional H-1, P-31 correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to characterise soil organic P transform

Septic tanks with subsequent soil treatment systems (STS) are a common treatment technique for domestic wastewater in rural areas. Phosphorus (P) leakage from such systems may pose a risk to water quality (especially if they are located relatively close to surface waters). In this study, six STS in Sweden (11-28 years old) were examined. Samples taken from the unsaturated subsoil beneath the distr

To become a member of the European Union, the applicant country must meet the accession criteria established in the Copenhagen Declaration, commonly referred to as the Copenhagen criteria. While these criteria serve as formal guidelines, previous research has shown that they alone cannot explain when and how a country will join the union. Instead, it is argued that the justification and discursive

This thesis investigates buyer preferences in the procurement of Internationally Transferred Mitigation Outcomes (ITMOs) under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement, which facilitates international cooperation through carbon markets. As ITMO markets are still in the early stages of development, uncertainties regarding regulatory frameworks, environmental integrity, and procurement strategies have eme

Achilles tendon rupture is becoming more prevalent with an increasing population of middle aged people participating in recreational sports. A torn Achilles tendon will likely not regain its original function, and it is unknown what treatment options are optimal. The Achilles tendon structure and how the tendon heals after a rupture varies between humans. A potentially useful tool in understanding

This project has developed from the site and building conditions in an area of central Boden, a town in the inland north of Sweden. In post-war times, the city grew thanks to the military and regional hospital resulting in the development of the site Prästholmen that was realized true to the modernistic ideal of the time. Since then, Boden together with its inland neighbours, have struggled agai

Solar energy is an important component of sustainable urban development. However, it is still not reaching its full potential due to several reasons. One of them is a lack of free tools based on open geodata capable of estimating solar energy (daylight) metrics on building features, e.g.,windows, in the early stages of the urban planning process. To fill this gap, a design and implementation of th

The farmers in Sooriyawewa D.S. division, situated in the Dry Zone in Sri Lanka, are main cultivators of paddy and banana. The agriculture in the Dry Zone is heavily depending on water from the irrigation schemes. The objective of the study is to investigate the methods used in the paddy and banana cultivation in Sri Lanka with focus on Sooriyawewa D.S. division in order to understand the main con

The aim of this study was to investigate how women reason about, and experience what it is like to live in Sweden in the months following the autumn of #metoo the year 2017. In utilizing interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) the accounts of three women can make an academic footprint in our society. Could a mostly digital aspect of a social movement influence how people think about themsel

Food is one of the areas of consumption with highest environmental impacts. Additionally, the growing global population and changing diets in emerging countries will further exacerbate the impact of food production and consumption. The challenges of an increasingly resource constrained world pose a need to shift from a consumption-based society to a society where humans can manage with less. There

Sweden was one of the first countries in the world to declare that it had a feminist government, following years of high rankings on global gender equality indexes and a relatively stable image of Sweden as a gender equality leader. However, the declaration has been accompanied by scholarly inquiry defying claims connected to Swedish feminist governance, often challenging its transformative capaci

By applying one of the largest datasets on ESG ratings to date with around 8000 companies included during the sample period between 2006-2021. This paper investigates the increasingly popular link between firms’ social and financial performance and the potential abnormal returns to be found using ESG investment strategies. To examine this relationship, a series of portfolios are constructed based