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Precipitation can be quantified using a rain gauge network, or a remotely sensed precipitation product. Ultimately, the choice of dataset depends on the particular application, the catchment size, climate and the time period of study. In a region with a long record and a dense rain gauge network, the elevation-modified ground-based precipitation product, PRISM, has been found to work well. However
Compared to animals like ourselves, plants have a very flexible sexual life. Most plants are, for example, hermaphrodites with the potential capacity for reproduction by self-fertilization (or selfing). While selfing can provide several definite advantages for the individual plant, there is a downside; mainly the severe reduction in fitness due to inbreeding depression. To avoid the negative conse
With the triumph of the codex, medieval literature became more deeply hermeneutic in character. A vast range of texts, in various languages and genres, were not only copied with the commentaries and glosses of ancient tradition, but also underwent continuous reworking and transformation. Indeed, the very act of transcribing texts into a manuscript was often an incentive to rewrite them. This pract
Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds (BVOCs) are trace gases other than CO2 and CH4 produced and emitted by the biosphere, where the amounts released depend on climatic factors such as temperature and solar irradiation. However, interpretation of leaf-level measurements is currently hampered by factors such as large within-genotypic variability, measurement height and time in the season. A campaign
This study explored the importance of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in maintaining gut health and how different diets affect their levels. Blood plasma and serum samples from mice subjected to two intervention studies on oats and fruits were analysed to determine SCFA concentrations. Using a one-way ANOVA, the study compared SCFA levels in five different diet groups focused on fruit supplementa
Habitat specialists are particularly vulnerable to habitat loss and disturbances because they are adapted to a narrow range of ecological conditions and food sources. The lesser spotted woodpecker is closely linked to attributes of deciduous forests that are negatively affected by intensive management. This is because it is specialised in foraging on wood-living insect larvae found in thin dead br
Sex-limited polymorphism is an interesting evolutionary phenomenon, which is widespread across organisms. Studying ultimate mechanisms that result in the evolution of sex-limited polymorphism can provide a window into how natural and/or sexual selection can result in the evolution of complex phenotypes. Here, I use butterflies from the tribe Polyommatini to study the evolutionary mode and tempo of
Uppsatsen har analyserat beskattning av inkomster från illegala verksamheter i förhållande till rättsliga principer. Rättspraxis visar att inkomster från verk-samheter med illegala inslag kan beskattas utifrån neutralitetsprincipen och likformighetsprincipen, där alla inkomster oavsett ursprung ska beskattas. Rättspraxis på området är dock inte entydig då domstolen i andra avgöranden har kommit tiThe essay has analyzed the taxation of income from illegal activities in relation to legal principles. Case law demonstrates that income from activities with illegal elements can be taxed based on the principles of neutrality and equality, where all income, regardless of origin, should be subject to taxation. Howev-er, case law in this area is not consistent, as courts in other rulings have con-cl
The leading cause of death in the world is cardiovascular diseases. Scientific discoveries have been made that correlate the movement of the arterial walls and blood flow patterns with cardiovascular diseases. These movements have been studied with ultrasound 2D imaging. From 2D movement tracking it is observed that the arterial wall moves in two directions, radially and longitudinally, and resear
In the present time, the rate of environmental degradation requires us to use all available means to avoid further damage and restore the environment to the best of our possibilities. Education is an important channel to promote environmentalism and sustainability, and to promote pro-environmental individual decisions, especially regarding consumption and purchasing patterns. The case study analys
I kölvattnet av den omtalade ”snippadomen” har debatten om det svenska nämndemannasystemet väckts på nytt våren 2023. Debatten uppmärksammar dels problematiken kring de politiska partiernas nära inblandning med rekryteringen av nämndemän, dels huruvida nämndemannasystemet som det ser ut idag är motiverat. Flera politiska partier har uttryckt en önskan att reformera systemet utan att ge exempel på In the wake of a highly controversial appellate court verdict from February 2023, the debate about the Swedish lay judge system has been revived. The debate highlights both the problems surrounding the political parties’ close involvement in the recruitment of lay judges as well as whether the current lay judge system is justified. Several political parties have expressed a desire to reform the sy
In recent years, there has been a significant improvement in our ability to determine the ages of extensive short-lived magmatic events (large igneous provinces) dominated by rocks of mafic (silica-poor) compositions. This has been aided by targeting the magmatic feeders to these large igneous provinces (e.g., dykes and sills), which often host trace amounts of datable zirconium minerals such as b
Background: Mechanical chest compressions (CCs) have been shown capable of maintaining circulation in humans suffering cardiac arrest for extensive periods of time. Reports have documented a visually normalized coronary blood flow during angiography in such cases (TIMI III flow), but it has never been actually measured. Only indirect measurements of the coronary circulation during cardiac arrest w
The aim of this exploratory research has been to examine the lean startup methodology process and foster a better way of applying this method in the global south. This is done by assessing the method’s application process of a solar startup targeting the Kenyan market - the strengths and weaknesses the company encountered during the process, measures taken by the company to overcome those weakness
Svenska staten har förlorat mångmiljardbelopp i skatteintäkter årligen på grund av så kallade räntesnurror där företag inom en intressegemenskap lånar pengar. Räntekostnaderna får dras av i Sverige och tas sedan upp av företag i länder som är lågbeskattade eller saknar inkomstskatt för räntor. Skatteverket lyckades inte neka avdrag med hjälp av lagen mot skatteflykt, och därför infördes 2008 ränteThe Swedish state has lost billions of kronor in tax revenue every year because of so-called interest‐stripping arrangements in which companies within the same group lend money to one another. The interest expenses are deducted in Sweden and then reported by companies located in low-tax jurisdictions or in jurisdictions that levy no income tax on interest. When the Swedish Tax Agency could not ref
Misleading health information remains a central concern in medical sociology and public health due to its harmful effects on individuals and society. As health information-seeking increasingly shifts to digital platforms, Large Language Models (LLMs)—now commonly used as search engines—have intensified concerns about the spread of health misinformation. This study examines the potential for LLMs t
This Master's Thesis examines the possibility of developing a software tool for optimizing offshore wind power plant layouts in regards to wake effects. The study was conducted with the purpose of making development and operation of offshore wind power plants more efficient and cost effective. The tool, named OptiWind, was developed in Python and employs several imported packages for mathemati
Uppsatsen belyser den problematik som omfamnar ensamkommande barns rätt till uppehållstillstånd i Sverige genom synnerligen ömmande omständigheter, särskilt med tanke på lagändringen i december 2023 som gör det svårare för barn att få uppehållstillstånd beviljat. Detta bekräftas även av statistiken som visar att en betydande minskning av beviljade ansökningar skett året efter lagändringen. UtvecklThe essay highlights the issues surrounding unaccompanied minors' right to residence in Sweden under "particularly distressing circumstances," especially in light of the legislative change in december 2023 that makes it more difficult for children to be granted residence permits. This is confirmed by statistics showing a significant decrease in approved applications in the year follo
