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The composition of the colonic microflora is essential for the health of the human host. To be able to survive, the microflora is dependent of a continuous supply of substrate. In this respect dietary fibre and other indigestible carbohydrates, of which the consumption in affluent societies is generally low, are of great importance. Numerous of studies have demonstrated beneficial effects of dieta
Three adult de novo acute myeloid leukemias (AML M1, M2, and M4) with an isochromosome 7p are presented. No additional abnormalities were deterred by G-band and multicolor, using combined binary ratio labeling, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses, indicating that the i(7p) was the sole. i.e., the primary, chromosomal aberration. Although the patients were elderly-68, 72, and 78 year
Aim: To investigate the urethral motor function in incontinent women. Materials and Methods: The intraurethral pressure was measured continuously in the high-pressure zone of the urethra at rest and during repeated short squeezes around the microtip transducer catheter in a group of 205 women with clinically manifest urinary incontinence (severe), and compared with the findings of investigations i
The surfactant tetra(ethylene oxide) n-dodecyl amide (TEDAd) was compared with the poly(ethylene oxide) n-alkyl ethers C12E5, C10E5, and C12E4. The adsorption to hydrophobic liquid-vapor and solid-liquid interfaces, as well as the wetting behavior on a hydrophobic surface, was investigated. The amide group is more hydrophilic than the ethylene oxide group, raising the cloud point and critical mice
Solution properties of ethyl(hydroxyethyl)cellulose (EHEC) and a hydrophobically modified analogue (HM-EHEC) in water in the presence of various amounts of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) have been investigated by cloud point (CP) measurements, titration microcalorimetry, and static light scattering. The CP experiments revealed that the hydrophobically modified polymer is less soluble than the unmodi
Purpose: This trial of the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Study Group compares the use of high-dose therapy (HDT) as part of primary treatment with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) plus etoposide followed by involved-field (IF) radiotherapy in a randomized, multicenter, phase III study. Patients and Methods: Three hundred twelve patients with "aggressive"
The presence of introduced brown trout (Salmo trutta) on the distribution of native crayfish (Paranephrops planifrons), native galaxiid fishes (Galaxias spp.) and invertebrate fauna was investigated in 18 West Coast New Zealand streams (8 with trout and 10 without trout) differing in chemical characteristics. Gut contents of trout, crayfish and eels were also examined to evaluate whether competiti
Popular Abstract in English This work is focused on two accident types: accidents between motorized vehicles and pedestrians, and accidents between motorized vehicles and bicyclists. It aims at better understanding how the number of accidents is related to the number of road users; and how the speed at the site and age of the victim is related to how severe the injuries are. The work relies on sevThe aims of this work are to better understand (1) the relation between exposure and the risk of an accident between pedestrians and motorized vehicles and between bicyclists and motorized vehicles occurring at urban intersections and (2) how the speed environment and the victim´s age relate to the injury severity/outcome once a pedestrian or a bicyclist has been struck by a motorized vehicle. Cro
A case-control study compared 129 men with earlier partial gastrectomy (operation during the period 1952-1961) with 216 men from a community-based population study. All were born 1910-1915 and the mean age was 72 years. Men with a previous partial gastrectomy had vertebral fractures in 19% compared with 4% (P < 0.01) in the control population. Bone mineral density (BMD) in the right calcaneus meas
Popular Abstract in Swedish Rättvisekriterier och andra etiska aspekter spelar en stor roll i svensk sjukvård. De ingår t ex i målformuleringen i hälso- och sjukvårdslagen ("Målet för hälso- och sjukvården är en god hälsa och en vård på lika villkor för hela befolkningen.", §2). Läkare och andra beslutsfattare påpekar regelbundet vikten av moraliska värderingar, och befolkningen i gemen torde delaEquality of access may be defined and operationalised in several ways. Paper I, 'Equality of access. Definitions and policy implications', proposes a theoretical outline of possible definitions of equal access, of the policy measures needed to attain equality and of their consequences. The health economic literature proposes two main definitions of equal access. Equal access prevails either when i
Various factors influencing affinity partitioning in aqueous polymer two-phase systems are studied by model calculations using a self-consistent mean-field lattice theory. The latter is an extension of the theory of Scheutjens and Fleer, adapted to take affinity ligand binding into account. The dependence of partition coefficients on ligand concentration is studied for different binding strengths,
Popular Abstract in Swedish Primärt Sjögrens syndrom är en reumatisk systemsjukdom, som karaktäriseras av nedsatt funktion i vissa körtlar, framför allt i tårkörtlar och spottkörtlar. Detta orsakar huvudsymptomen ögon- och muntorrhet. Patienter med denna sjukdom har även besvär som inte är relaterade till dessa körtlar. Smärta i leder och muskler, extrem trötthet samt nedstämdhet är vanliga problePrimary Sjögren´s syndrome (primary SS) is a systemic autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltrations in the exocrine glands leading to classic dryness complaints such as dry eyes and dry mouth. Non-exocrine complaints also occur, e.g. fatigue, myalgia and arthralgia, as well as disturbed mood. The overall purpose of this work was, from a physiotherapeutic perspective, to i
Ultrafiltration and nanofiltration have become common methods to treat surface water for drinking water purposes. Common aims of a membrane step are removal of natural organic matter (NOM), softening or adding an extra microbiological or chemical barrier. In most cases, the membrane is considered a good disinfection step; commonly the viral removal is at least 4–log. To ensure a working disinfecti
To investigate the prevalence, distribution, and colonization burden of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and MRSA in different body sites among people who inject drugs (PWID) and compare it to a control group consisting of non-injectors. In this cross-sectional survey, 49 active PWID from the needle exchange program (NEP) in Malmö, Sweden, and 60 non-injecting controls from an emergency psychiatr
Background: While risk for alcohol use disorder (AUD) is correlated in twins, siblings and parent-offspring pairs, we know little of how this syndrome is transmitted across three generations. Method: We examined 685 172 individuals born in Sweden from 1980 to 1990 with four grandparents, and both parents alive in 1980. AUD was assessed in all these individuals from nationwide medical, criminal and
Popular Abstract in Swedish En spännande utmaning för forskare inom både akademin och industrin är att utveckla industriella processer som mer effektivt använder både befintliga som alternativa råvaror för produktion av viktiga kemiska intermediat. Sådana intermediat används i sin tur som råvara för att framställa funktionella och idag ovärderliga material såsom plaster, fibrer, gummin, färger, ytSince the metal oxide catalysts used in many chemical processes show very high selectivity for the products aimed at, both today and in the future, they play a key role in the environmentally and economically sustainable production of chemical intermediates. Two processes of this sort have been studied in the thesis: the ammoxidation of propane and propene over a Mo-V-Nb-Te-oxide catalyst and the
The production of Λ baryons and KS0 mesons (V0 particles) was measured in p–Pb collisions at sNN=5.02 TeV and pp collisions at s=7 TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The production of these strange particles is studied separately for particles associated with hard scatterings and the underlying event to shed light on the baryon-to-meson ratio enhancement observed at intermediate transverse momentum (pT) i
BACKGROUND: Increasing number of individuals will have first-degree relatives (FDRs) diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC), as a second primary malignancy (CRCa-2) after a non-CRC cancer. We aimed to estimate whether and to what extent a family history of CRCa-2 is associated with an increased CRC risk.METHODS: In this Swedish nationwide cohort study, rate ratio (RR) and cumulative incidence of C
In recruitment, promotion, admission, and other forms of wealth and power apportion, an evaluator typically ranks a set of candidates in terms of their competence. If the evaluator is prejudiced, the resulting ranking will misrepresent the candidates’ actual rankings. This constitutes not only a moral and a practical problem, but also an epistemological one, which begs the question of what we shou
Context dependence arises when ecological relationships vary with the conditions under which they are observed. Context dependence of interactions involving parasites is poorly known, even if it is key to understanding host–parasite relationships and food web dynamics. This paper investigates to which extent predation pressure on an avian ectoparasite (Carnus hemapterus) is context-dependent. Base
