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Diamonds are one of the most valuable elements on earth, having the potential to contribute to economic development. However, in recent years, it has come to the world’s attention that the illicit trading in diamonds has financed gruesome wars and human rights abuse, and the problem has not gone away. These diamonds have come to be termed as conflict diamonds. In order to mitigate conflict diamond
Abstract Today, the neutrino oscillation is very well established by experiment. It is described by a theoretical framework similar to that of quark mixing. Here is included a CP violating phase, delta_CP, which is the only known possible source of CP violation in the lepton sector. So far, delta_CP is completely unconstrained by experiment, and the determination of the value of delta_CP could fu
This study questions the received wisdom that surviving Old Norse loanwords in modern Irish are fewer than 50 in number and are mostly shipping-related. The eventual goal is a complete survey of all Old Norse loanwords still “in common use in modern Irish” (Greene 1976: 80), since nothing of the sort has been found in the literature. In the interim, this study proposes a list of 67 words, extant i
In order to simulate complex combustion systems, the kinetic mechanisms describing the chemical processes have to be reduced. To minimize the error introduced by the reduction, coefficients of the reaction rates included in the mechanisms can be adjusted in ways so that simulations using the reduced mechanism behave like simulations that use detailed mechanisms. One can then run simulations with d
Offentlighetsprincipen är en grundläggande förutsättning för den svenska demokratiska rättsstaten, som garanterar allas rätt att ta del av allmänna handlingar. Ett av undantagen från vad som klassificeras som allmänna handlingar är minnesanteckningar. Detta arbete har som syfte att diskutera och undersöka gränsdragningen mellan allmänna handlingar och minnesanteckningar, för att se om det finns nåThe public principle (swe: offentlighetsprincipen) is a fundamental prerequisite for the Swedish democratic rule of law, which guarantees everyone's right to access public documents (swe: allmänna handlingar). One of the exceptions to what is classified as public documents is memos (swe: minnesanteckningar). The purpose of this essay is to discuss and examine the boundaries between public docu
1.Migration is a widespread phenomenon, with powerful ecological and evolutionary consequences. Morphological adaptations to reduce the energetic costs associated with migratory transport are commonly documented for migratory species. However few studies have investigated whether variation in body morphology can be explained by variation in migratory strategy within a species. 2.We address this qu
One of the today’s greatest challenges is to adjust our behavior so that we can avoid a major climate disaster. To do so, we must make sacrifices for the sake of the environment. The study reported here investigates how anchors (extrinsic motivational-free information) and normative messages (extrinsic motivational information) influence people’s tradeoffs between travel time and carbon dioxide (C
I sin teori om prekariatet ger Guy Standing sin syn på den rådande arbetsmarknaden där fler och fler människor lever under osäkra arbetsförhållanden. Enligt honom är det konsekvenserna av en politik som har sett rörlighet på marknaden som svaret på ekonomiska problem. Vid problem har politikerna försvagat de kollektiva organisationerna och försämrat anställningstrygghet med mera för arbetstagarna.In his theory of the precariat Guy Standing gives his view on the current labour market where more and more people has precarious working situations. According to him it is the consequence of a policy that has seen movability on the labour market as the answer to economical problems. At troubled times the politicians have weakened the unions and worsened the employment securities for the workers.
Parental influence over children’s status attainment has historically been argued to be key. However, the cross-sibling influence has been scarcely studied for historical periods and for steam family societies, being the most long-lasting relationship across individuals’ lives once childhood was surpassed. We investigate how intra-generational family relationships determine the social destiny of s
Sedan antagandet av FN:s konvention om barns rättigheter har artikel 3, som handlar om barnets bästa, utgjort en viktig princip inom barnrätten. Principen ska genomsyra alla åtgärder som vidtas i förvaltningen och som påverkar barn, så även asylrätten. Barnets bästa är dock en vagt och öppet formulerad princip utan något tydligt innehåll. Samtidigt är Sverige en rättsstat som kräver rättssäkerhet.Since the adaptation of the UN:s Convention on the Rights of the Child article 3, which stipulates the best interest of the child, has been an important princi-ple. The principle should be applied on all measures which may affect a child. This includes asylum law. Despite this, the principle of the best interest of the child is vague, openly formulated and without clear content. Parallel to this,
Samerna är Sveriges ursprungsfolk och har bebott samt brukat sina traditionella marker i Norra Sverige sedan en lång tid tillbaka. När landet Sverige växte fram började det med tiden utöva inflytande över samerna och påverka deras kultur genom politik som varierat under åren. Samerna har trots assimileringspolitik i det nära förflutna behållit sitt språk och sina traditioner. Även om de fortfarandThe Sami are Sweden’s indigenous people and have lived and used their traditional lands in the Norther part of Sweden since a long time ago. As the country of Sweden came into existence it eventually began to exert influence over the Sami and influence their culture through policies that have varied over the years. The Sami have, despite the assimilation policy in the near past, retained their lan
Konkurrensen inom EU är reglerad genom konkurrensrätten i syfte att skapa och upprätthålla en effektiv marknad, den inre marknadens funktion samt välfärden för konsumenten. Förbudsregeln – se art. 101 FEUF och 2:1 KL – utgör tillsammans ett centralt verktyg som ska användas av kommissionen eller annan konkurrensmyndighet för att bryta upp otillåtna samarbeten mellan två eller fler företag, vilka äCompetition within the European union is regulated through a system of competition rules, with the purpose of creating and maintaining an efficient market, the function of the inner market and the consumer welfare. The prohibition rule – see art. 101 TEUF and 2:1 KL – constitutes together an essential tool that ought to be used to break up unwarranted collaborations between two or more undertaking
The products produced in rich countries are very different from the products produced in poor countries. Why? Unreliable electricity is often cited as one of the main challenges facing industrial production in less developed economies. In this paper, I connect these two observations by linking interruptions in the production environment to the sophistication of the production output. Using a data
I denna tvärsnittsstudie har vi undersökt förekomst av symptom på depression och ångest samt om detta har ett samband med hur man upplevt parrelationens kvalitet hos 91 stycken nya besökare på familjerådgivningen. Data samlades in med hjälp av självskattningsformulären HADS och Valentinskalan. Vi undersökte också om det fanns en skillnad mellan könen, de som hade hemmavarande barn eller ej, responIn this cross-sectional study, we have investigated the presence of symptoms of depression and anxiety and whether this was related to perceived quality of the couple relationship in 91 new visitors in a family counselling setting. Data was collected using the HADS and Valentine scale self-report questionnaires. We also investigated whether there was a difference between the sexes, those who had c
A nonlinear 3D finite element model and a theoretical parameter study in relation to glued-in rods for timber structures are presented. A strain-softening crack band model was used to characterise the behaviour of the adhesive layer between the rod and the wood. The model is general in the sense that it bridges the gap between the theory of an ideal plastic bondline and the theory of linear elasti
In soft tissue sarcoma, the prognostic importance of DNA ploidy status is limited. One possible explanation may be technical; small nondiploid stemlines will he diluted in relation to the presence of normal diploid cells and may not be detected by flow cytometry (FCM). We assessed DNA ploidy status in 93 tumors with both FCM and image cytometry (ICM). ICM may permit the exclusion of nonrelevant ce
