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The objective of this review is to examine the published data regarding quality of life (QOL) in patients with bladder cancer. Not a single, randomized controlled trial exists. Most studies are retrospective, cross-sectional, and have serious methodological flaws. There is no single QOL tool preferably used in bladder cancer. While there is no long-term data after therapy for Superficial cancer, m
Subaxial (below the C 2) caudal dislocation is in the present study defined as a complete or partial dislocation caudally of a vertebral body (C 3 or below) into the plane of a lower vertebral body. In rheumatoid arthritis this dislocation is combined with erosive lesions of the vertebral bodies. In the present retrospective study seven such cases are presented. All were middle-aged or elderly wom
This article sets out to describe and explain the events that led, in the summer of 1967, to political chaos and near civil war in many parts of China. It links the violence on the ground to statements and policies formulated at the highest levels of the CCP and sets out to show how and why Mao Zedong himself must bear direct personal responsibility for what stands out as one of the darkest chapte
Previous studies on the occurrence of catecholamines and serotonin in pancreatic islets using various histochemical and chemical methods have given widely different results. We therefore performed a comparative analysis of these amines in whole pancreas and islet tissue from hamster, guinea pig, rat, and mouse by the use of high performance liquid chromatography. Whole pancreas of guinea pig, hams
BACKGROUND Both genetic and lifestyle factors contribute to individual-level risk of coronary artery disease. The extent to which increased genetic risk can be offset by a healthy lifestyle is unknown. METHODS Using a polygenic score of DNA sequence polymorphisms, we quantified genetic risk for coronary artery disease in three prospective cohorts - 7814 participants in the Atherosclerosis Risk in
Background: The ESPAC-3 trial showed that adjuvant gemcitabine is the standard of care based on similar survival to and less toxicity than adjuvant 5-fluorouracil/folinic acid in patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Other clinical trials have shown better survival and tumour response with gemcitabine and capecitabine than with gemcitabine alone in advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. We
The São Tomé Grosbeak Neospiza concolor, endemic to the island of São Tomé (Gulf of Guinea), is one of the least known birds in the world. Formerly considered to be an aberrant weaver (Ploceidae), it is currently placed in a monotypic genus within the true finches (Fringillidae). Phylogenetic inference based on mitochondrial and nuclear sequences confidently identifies N. concolor as an Old World
The compressibility and thermal expansion of the cubic silicon nitride (c-Si3N4) phase have been investigated by performing in situ x-ray powder-diffraction measurements using synchrotron radiation, complemented with computer simulations by means of first-principles calculations. The bulk compressibility of the c-Si3N4 phase originates from the average of both Si-N tetrahedral and octahedral compr
Background: The repertoire of measures of walking in Rett syndrome is limited. This study aimed to determine measurement properties of a modified two-minute walk test (2MWT) and a modified Rett syndrome-specific functional mobility scale (FMS-RS) in Rett syndrome. Methods: Forty-two girls and women with Rett syndrome (median 18.4 years, range 2.4–60.9 years) were assessed for clinical severity, gr
Wind energy continues to be one of the fastest growing renewable energy sources under development, and while representing a clean energy source, it is not environmentally neutral. Large numbers of bats are being killed at utility-scale wind energy facilities worldwide, raising concern about cumulative impacts of wind energy development on bat populations. We discuss our current state of knowledge
Creasing of paperboard is an essential operation to obtain a well defined shape and strength of a package. The creasing tool consists of one male and one female creasing plate. The male plate presses the paperboard into the female plate and introduces damage in the creasing zone. Today the standard creasing operation at Tetra Pak is that the male creasing plate presses the top ply (print side) of
Introduktion: Kvinnliga piloter är en minoritet inom trafikflyget. Kvinnliga chefer är också ovanligt. Forskning visar också att kvinnliga piloter utsätts för diskriminering. Syfte: Denna studie har som syfte att uppmärksamma hur kvinnliga kommersiella piloter ser på sin karriär inom en bransch där de tydligt är en minoritet Metod: Studien utfördes genom kvalitativa intervjuer. Resultat: KaptensgrIntroduction: Female pilots are a minority in commercial aviation. Female managers in aviation are also rare. Research has shown that female pilots are a subject to discrimination. Objective: The objective of this study is how female commercial pilots view on their career in a business where they are a minority. Method: The study was conducted through qualitative interviews. Results: To become a c
REV_ISS_WEB_jnc_6650_113-4 836..847 *MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK Wallenberg Neuroscience Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden The midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons are the largest assembly of dopaminergic neurons in the central nervous system and play an important role in motor control, reward, addiction and cognition (Bjorklund and Lindvall 1
We used a mass spectrometry-based assay for identifying the endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) marker (R)-3-hydroxytetradecanoic acid in cigarette smoke particles and found that smoking involved inhalation of 17.4 pmol of endotoxin per each smoked cigarette. Indoor exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) entailed inhalation of 12.1 pmol of LPS/m3 air, an amount that was 120 times higher tha
This thesis examines the Netherlands as a deviant case in the cooperation networks of the Council of the European Union. Drawing on seven waves of the Negotiations in the Council of the European Union dataset (2003-2021), it documents a trajectory more complex than the existing literature recognizes: a positive size-adjusted residual (overperformance) in every wave combined with a sustained declin
Biological phosphorus removal in cold-climate regions is historically challenged by suppressed kinetic rates and severe biomass washout during spring snowmelt events. This study evaluates the performance, resilience, and kinetic limitations of a pilot-scale Sequencing Batch Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (SB-MBBR) for Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) un-der low temperatures (8.3–9.6°C) at
The research described in this thesis, focuses on some activities on the demand side that could reduce peak load in electricity system by using consumer flexibility i.e. by increasing the demand side response to signals coming from the energy market. The major objective is to test and analyse different strategies to reduce peak load at the demand side considering their techno-economic, environment
III-Sb semiconductor nanowires have drawn a lot of attention because of their many promising applications, such as thermoelectric generation, low power high efficient electronics and quantum transport. Gold as a catalyst seed particle has been dominating for many years assisting nanowires growth. However, gold is incompatible with silicon-based electronics, which is dominating today. Therefore, fi
