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Straffinstitutet är svenska statens mest ingripande maktmedel mot sina medborgare, vars legitimitet delvis bygger på att straff anses rättvisa. Historiskt har motiven för att medvetet åsamka lidande genom straffet varierat, men en central idé har alltid varit att straff och klander motiveras av gärningspersonens förtjänst för den begångna gärningen. Denna uppsats undersöker, ur ett moralfilosofisThe institution of punishment is the Swedish state's most intrusive means of power against its citizens, with its legitimacy partly grounded in the notion that punishment is just. Historically, the motives for deliberately inflicting suffering through punishment have varied, but a central idea has always been that punishment and blame are justified by the offender's desert for their commit

Bakgrund: Kulturhistoriska byggnader har ett särskilt historiskt, estetiskt eller socialt värde och skyddas av regler som begränsar förändringar. Med rätt byggnadsvård och tekiska lösningar kan bevarande kombineras med energieffektiviseringar. Även om bevarande ofta innebär högre initiala kostnader, kan det ge långsiktiga värden både kulturellt och ekonomiskt. Syfte: Syftet är ett undersöka hur kThroughout history, construction practices have reflected the materials, knowledge, and economic resources available at the time. These historical characteristics are now seen as cultural assets worth preserving. However, older buildings often fail to meet modern standards, necessitating significant interventions to comply with today’s regulations. This thesis explores the challenges and opportun

Denna uppsats undersöker hur utformningen och tillämpningen av brottet grov kvinnofridskränkning förhåller sig till kravet på rättssäkerhet. Brottet infördes i brottsbalken 1998, med syfte att uppmärksamma och stävja mäns våld mot närstående kvinnor. För att brottet ska aktualiseras krävs att en man begår upprepade brottsliga gärningar mot en kvinnlig partner. Ett av de rekvisit som kännetecknar bThis thesis examines how the design and application of the offence of gross violation of a woman’s integrity relates to the requirement of legal certainty. The offence was introduced into the Swedish Penal Code in 1998, with the aim to draw attention to and combat male violence against women in close relationships. For the offence to be applicable a man must commit repeated criminal acts against a

I november 2021 beslutade den dåvarande regeringen att tillsätta en utredning för att göra en översyn av regleringen om frihetsberövande påföljder för unga. I augusti 2023 publicerades utredningen som ställer sig positiv införandet av s.k. ungdomsfängelser. Den frihetsberövande påföljd som i nuläget finns för unga lagöverträdare (15–17 år), utöver fängelse, är sluten ungdomsvård (och stadgas i 32 In November 2021, the Swedish government at the time decided to appoint an inquiry to review the regulations on custodial sanctions for young people. In August 2023, the investigation was published, which is in favor of juvenile prisons. The custodial sanction that currently exists for young offenders (15-17 years old), in addition to imprisonment, is "closed youth care" (and is stipulat

This thesis aims to shed light upon the cathar church and its expression of power and hierarchy in their rituals, such as the consolamentum, in conjunction with their theological view of said power and hierarchy. With a hermeneutic theory and a text analysis I read and aim to examine the cathars' own texts in its own context. Through my reading of their theological and ritual texts. I make the

Bygg- och fastighetssektorn står för stora utsläpp av växthusgaser från byggnadsmaterial- och energianvändning. Byggbranschen står idag för ca en femtedel av Sveriges totala koldioxidutsläpp. Ett område med stor potential är byggnadsmaterial där IsoTimber är ett av företagen som driver utvecklingen framåt. IsoTimber är en relativt ny aktör inom byggsektorn som tillverkar prefabricerade väggar i trThe construction and real estate sector accounts for a large part of the emission of greenhouse gases from the usage of building material and energy. The construction industry today accounts for about one-fifth of Sweden’s total carbon dioxide emissions. One area with great potential is building materials where IsoTimber is one of the companies that drive the development forward. IsoTimber is a re

Life-history theory predicts that individuals carrying parasite infections should experience a trade-off between allocation of resources towards reproduction versus repression of the infection. However, in the case of chronic avian malaria infections in the great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus) and other passerines, correlational studies have found little effect on annual survival and fec

In this thesis work, a highly linear passive attenuator and mixer were designed to be used in a wide-band Transmission Observation Receiver (TOR). The TOR is a low IF receiver that accepts RF frequencies from 2GHz to 7GHz, and produces corresponding IF bandwidths of 280MHz to 990MHz respectively, using low side LO injection. The dynamic range is maximized by using passive topologies for both the a

We propose and implement a beyond Gross-Pitaevskii approach based on Many-Body Perturbation theory (MBPT) for the study of Bose-Einstein Condensate (BECs) ground states. Two partitions of the system Hamiltonian are considered. Firstly, a bosonic analogue to Møller-Plesset simply dubbed RSPT, and secondly an approach based on the Epstein-Nesbet partitioning scheme labeled ENPT. We consider one-dime

Three-dimensional scaffolds play an essential role in tissue engineering. Although essential, the tunability of the 3D scaffolds mechanical and transport properties remains a challenge. In this work, we present new approaches to advance the field. First, we applied our progressive pH acidification to mimic the natural silk gelation process before ice-templating (−20 and −80°C); second, we fitted t

The affinity of T-cell receptors (TCRs) for major histocompatibility complex molecules (MHCs) presenting cognate antigens likely determines whether T cells initiate immune responses, or not. There exist few measurements of two-dimensional (2D) TCR-MHC interactions, and the effect of auxiliary proteins on binding is unexplored. Here, Jurkat T-cells expressing the MHC molecule HLA-DQ8-glia-α1 and th

Biochar has been extensively studied as a soil amendment for carbon sequestration and for improving soil quality; however, a systematic understanding of the responses of soil microbial biomass and diversity to biochar addition is lacking. Here, a meta-analysis of 999 paired data points from 194 studies shows that biochar increases microbial biomass but has variable effects on microbial diversity.

Agricultural landscapes have changed fast in Europe, which has led to steep declines in farmland biodiversity. While this has differentially impacted “farmland species”, some of these seem to be able to use alternative man-made open habitats in forests, such as forest clear-cuts and powerline rights-of-way. We investigated the use of clear-cuts by two historically declining farmland birds, the Yel

Objective: To evaluate the evolution of cognitive impairment in relation to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) profiles of amyloid-β (Aβ), total-Tau and phosphorylated-Tau in Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods: Prospective, longitudinal, observational study up to 10 years with follow-up every 2 years. We assessed CSF profiles in 415 patients with sporadic PD (median age 66; 63% men) and 142 healthy controls

PTPN11 missense mutations cause approximately 50% of Noonan syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder presenting with various congenital heart defects, most commonly valvar pulmonary stenosis, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Atrioventricular septal defects and coarctation of the aorta occur in 15% and 9%, respectively. The aim of this study was to determine if PTPN11 mutations exist in non-syndrom

Lead halide perovskites (LHPs) nanocrystals (NCs), owing to their outstanding photophysical properties, have recently emerged as a promising material not only for solar cells but also for lighting and display applications. The photophysical properties of these materials can be further improved by chemical engineering such as cation exchange

During the last glacial period, proxy records throughout the Northern Hemisphere document a succession of rapid millennial-scale warming events, called Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events. A range of different mechanisms has been proposed that can produce similar warming in model experiments; however, the progression and ultimate trigger of the events are still unknown. Because of their fast nature, th