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Sexual conflicts and their evolutionary outcomes may be influenced by population-specific features such as mating system and ecological context; however, very few studies have investigated the link between sexual conflict and mating system. The self-compatible, mixed-mating hermaphrodite Collinsia heterophylla (Plantaginaceae) is thought to exhibit a sexual conflict over timing of stigma receptivi
Most pediatric exercise intervention studies, that evaluates the effect on skeletal traits include volunteers and follow bone mass for less than three years. We present a population-based six-year controlled exercise intervention study in children with also bone structure and incident fractures as endpoints. Fractures were registered in 417 girls and 500 boys in the intervention group (3969 person
Context: Re-planning of product releases is a very dynamic endeavor and new research methods or improvements of existing methods are still required. This paper explores the role of re-estimation in the re-planning process of product releases. Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze effects of defect and effort re-estimation in the process of release re-planning. In particular, two ques
This thesis concerns paragraph 30, 31 and 32 of the Consumer Insurance Act. The Consumer Insurane Act was adopted in 1981. It is applicable to combined insurance policies covering fire, burglery, liability, and certain other risks when the insured party is a consumer. In these cases, the Consumer Insurance Act is applicable to motor vehicle-, yachting- and travelling insurance contracts as well.
Migration is a common phenomenon in many organisms, terrestrial as well as aquatic, and considerable effort has been spent to understand the evolution of migratory behaviour and its consequences for population and community dynamics. In aquatic systems, studies on migration have mainly been focused on commercially important fish species, such as salmon and trout. However, seasonal mass-migrations
Popular Abstract in Swedish ”Att leva med cancer som äldre, livskvalitet och upplevelse av mening” Cancer drabbar företrädesvis äldre personer och är en sjukdom som blir vanligare i takt med det stigande antalet äldre i befolkningen. Cancer hos äldre innebär en komplex situation eftersom åldrandet är präglat av stora individuella förändringar med ökande sjuklighet, nedsatt funktionell förmåga, föThe overall aim of this thesis was to investigate quality of life in people aged 75 and older with cancer in relation to age, gender, presence and type of complaints, comorbidity, living conditions, perceived economic situation, sense of coherence, receiving help for daily living and social resources. The aim was also to investigate older people’s experiences and the meaning of living with cancer
This thesis treats analysis and design of piecewise linear control systems. Piecewise linear systems capture many of the most common nonlinearities in engineering systems, and they can also be used for approximation of other nonlinear systems. Several aspects of linear systems with quadratic constraints are generalized to piecewise linear systems with piecewise quadratic constraints. It is shown h
Popular Abstract in Swedish Pappersbrott i planet har studerats med hjälp av den kohesiva sprick modellen ur ett experimentellt såväl som ur ett teoretiskt perspektiv. Brott i en pappersremsa erhålls när remsan i en provmaskin belastas till sin maximala bärlast. Om remsan är tillräckligt kort fås en stabil nedåtgående last-förlängnigs kurva efter det att max lasten är nådd. Det visade sig att denThe in-plane failure of paper is studied in this work by means of a cohesive crack model from experimental as well as theoretical perspectives. Localized damage at in-plane tension of short paper strips is studied for low strain rates. It is observed that under uniaxial in-plane tensile tests, the evolution of the failure is stable and the damage of the paper strip is localized into a narrow zone
Highly glazed buildings are designed by architects to be airy, light and transparent with more access to daylight. Their energy efficiency, however, has become questioned. Therefore, energy simulations of single skin office buildings in Sweden were carried out, using a dynamic energy simulation tool. In order to study the impact of glass on the energy use during the occupation stage, office buildi
Predation risk may compromise the ability of animals to acquire and maintain body reserves by hindering 14 foraging efficiency and increasing physiological stress. Locomotor performance may depend on body mass, so losing mass under predation risk could be an adaptive response of prey to improve escape ability. We studied individual variation in antipredatory behaviour, feeding rate, body mass and
We compute strain distributions in core-shell nanowires of zinc blende structure. We use both continuum elasticity theory and an atomistic model, and consider both finite and infinite wires. The atomistic valence force-field (VFF) model has only few assumptions. But it is less computationally efficient than the finite-element (FE) continuum elasticity model. The generic properties of the strain di
The accomplishments of the Nordic Myeloma Study Group (NMSG) during its first 15 yr are briefly surveyed, together with a discussion of principles guiding the group's clinical trials and of problems that need to be addressed in coming years. The group has so far carried out 12 clinical trials, comprising more than 2500 patients, spanning from minor phase II to large randomised phase III trials. At
The evolution of cooperation requires benefits of group living to exceed costs. Hence, some components of fitness are expected to increase with increasing group size, whereas others may decrease because of competition among group members. The social spiders provide an excellent system to investigate the costs and benefits of group living: they occur in groups of various sizes and individuals are r
Rufous-collared sparrows (Zonotrichia capensis peruviensis) from valleys in the Atacama Desert of Chile, live in an extremely stable environment, and exhibit overlap in molt and reproduction, with valley-specific differences in the proportion of birds engaged in both. To better understand the mechanistic pathways underlying the timing of life-history transitions, we examined the relationships amon
Hunters and their families were one of the most exposed subpopulations in Sweden after the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986. In this pilot study we used existing registries and whole-body measurements to develop algorithms to calculate lifetime effective doses and collective doses to some hunters in Sweden. Ten hunters and their family members were randomly selected from each of the
Insulin tolerance test (ITT) is the gold standard for assessing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) function. GH-releasing peptide (GHRP)-2, which has a strong GH-stimulating activity, is useful for diagnosing GH deficiency as well as ITT. Additionally, GHRP-2 is also known to activate HPA axis. There have been no comparative studies of pituitary-adrenal responsiveness between GHRP-2 test and
Models of moisture flow processes in wood are normally based on a Fickian approach. In many instances, there are considerable discrepancies between modelling and experimental results. It is shown in this thesis that a major cause for these discrepancies is a so-called retarded sorption which is not accounted for in conventional theories. This retarded sorption occurs in the wood cell wall. A spec
Background: Rheumatic diseases commonly affect joints and other structures in the hand. Surgery is a traditional way to treat hand problems in inflammatory rheumatic diseases with the purposes of pain relief, restore function and prevent progression. There are numerous measures to choose from, and a combination of outcome measures is recommended. This study evaluated if instruments commonly used i
