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The extent to which humans help each other is extraordinary in itself, and difficult to explain from an evolutionary perspective. Therefore, there has been a recent surge in studies investigating the evolution of prosocial behavior using a comparative approach. Nevertheless, most of these studies have focused on primates only, and little is known about other animal orders. In a previous study, com
Summary: The study investigates the effect of physical activity (PA) on a composite score for fracture risk in pre-pubertal children. Low PA in children is related to the composite score for fracture risk and the pre-pubertal years seem to be a period when PA positively affects the score. Introduction: This study evaluates if PA in children is related to clustering of risk factors for fracture. Re
Previously genome-wide association methods in patients with classic bladder exstrophy (CBE) found association with ISL1, a master control gene expressed in pericloacal mesenchyme. This study sought to further explore the genetics in a larger set of patients following-up on the most promising genomic regions previously reported. Genotypes of 12 markers obtained from 268 CBE patients of Australian,
Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) is located in the cytoplasm of resting cells and translocates into the nucleus upon extracellular stimuli by active transport of a dimer. Passive transport of an ERK2 monomer through the nuclear pore is also reported to coexist. We attempted to characterize the cytoplasmic retention and nuclear translocation of fusion proteins between deletion and sit
This thesis covers three contributions in applications of neural networks. The first is related to diversity and ensemble learning, while the other two cover novel applications of the self-attention mechanism. An important aspect of training a neural network is the choice of objective function. Regression via Classification (RvC) is often used to tackle problems in deep learning where the target vThis thesis covers three contributions in applications of neural networks. The first is related to diversity and ensemble learning, while the other two cover novel applications of the self-attention mechanism. An important aspect of training a neural network is the choice of objective function. Regression via Classification (RvC) is often used to tackle problems in deep learning where the target v
BACKGROUND: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are known to play an important role in the pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis (AP). Activation of the complement cascade has been shown to occur in AP. The aim of this study was to examine whether complement component 3 is involved in the generation of NETs in AP.METHODS: AP was induced in wild-type and C3-deficient mice by retrograde infusion o
Background: On-demand therapy with esomeprazole is effective for long-term treatment of non-erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, but it has not been evaluated in erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. Aims: To compare endoscopic and symptomatic remission over a 6-month period when patients with healed erosive gastro-oesophageal reflux disease are treated with esomeprazole 20 mg, either o
In the philosophy of J. L. Schellenberg, “evolutionary religion” is a religious stance oriented towards the deep future. According to Schellenberg, the best form of evolutionary religion is non-doxastic faith in ultimism. I reject Schellenberg’s arguments for preferring ultimism and suggest that committing non-doxastically to traditional religion makes more sense from an evolutionary perspective.
C4b-binding protein (C4BP) regulates the classical pathway C3-convertase of the complement system. Human C4BP is composed of seven identical subunits (alpha-chains) and one unique one (beta-chain). Both types of chains contain homologous repeats called complement control proteins (CCPs); the alpha-chain contains eight CCPs and the beta-chain three. Each alpha-chain contains a binding site for C4b
Determining the appropriate duration for traffic conflict observation remains a critical yet unresolved challenge in road safety analysis. Existing approaches lack a quantitative approach to determine adequate sample sizes for general conflict-based applications. This study addresses this gap by proposing an extreme value theory based framework to determine appropriate observation durations, based
The host Maria Bach speaks to Evelina Kallträsk, David Larsson Heidenblad, Anna Nilsson Hammar and Johan Östling about the history of knowledge and how its approaches might be useful for historians of economics.In a new episode of the podcast Ceteris Never Paribus, the host Maria Bach speaks to Evelina Kallträsk, David Larsson Heidenblad, Anna Nilsson Hammar and Johan Östling, all members of the Lund Centre for the History of Knowledge (LUCK). They discuss what is the history of knowledge and how its approaches might be useful for historians of economics.
This piece is a comparative analysis of major parties’ manifesto pledges on AI for the 2024 UK general election.
Economic behavior highlights the importance of differences in individual characteristics like cognition and emotional regulation strategy in predicting the selection and performance of economic choices. However, the literature on value premium has overlooked the effect of cognition and emotional regulation strategy in assessing individual preference to select value versus growth stocks. We fill th
Enzymes play a key role in almost all biological processes, accelerating a variety of metabolic reactions as well as controlling energy transduction, the transcription, and translation of genetic information, and signaling. They possess the remarkable capacity to accelerate reactions by many orders of magnitude compared to their uncatalyzed counterparts, making feasible crucial processes that woul
Background: The purpose of this analysis was to revisit the open US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inspection list results from clinical trials and show the possibilities of evaluating inspection results between different world regions and explore what aspects of clinical trial deficiencies are most often reported.Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate inspection results from different re
Embryo implantation, a crucial step in human reproduction, is tightly controlled by estrogen and progesterone (P4) via estrogen receptor alpha and progesterone receptor (PGR), respectively. Here, we report that N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most abundant mRNA modification in eukaryotes, plays an essential role in embryo implantation through the maintenance of P4 signaling. Conditional deletion of
