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Forest composition characteristic of the Mid-Holocene has survived on Hallands Väderö, an island nature reserve off the south west coast of Sweden. Current veteran Tilia and Quercus trees contribute to a remarkably rich biodiversity of fungi, bryophytes, lichens and insects. Understanding which potential factors influence Holocene vegetation dynamics can support efforts to protect biodiversity, bu
The dynamics of blue and green water partitioning under vegetation and climate change, as well as their different interactions during wet and dry periods, are poorly understood in the literature. We analyzed the impact of vegetation changes on blue water generation in a central Spanish Pyrenees basin undergoing intense afforestation. We found that vegetation change is a key driver of large decreas
Understanding N budgets of tundra ecosystems is crucial for projecting future changes in plant community composition, greenhouse gas balances and soil N stocks. Winter warming can lead to higher tundra winter nitrogen (N) mineralization rates, while summer warming may increase both growing season N mineralization and plant N demand. The undulating tundra landscape is inter-connected through water
Temperature is one of the key abiotic factors during the life of plants, especially in the Arctic region which is currently experiencing rapid climate change. We evaluated plant traits and environmental variables determining leaf temperature in tundra shrubs and volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions with field measurements on deciduous tundra shrubs, Salix myrsinites and Betula nana, and everg
Climate warming exacerbates the degradation of the mountain cryosphere, including glacier retreat, permafrost degradation, and snow cover reduction. These changes dramatically alter the local and downstream hydrological regime, posing significant threats to basin-scale water resource management and sustainable development. However, this issue is still not adequately addressed, particularly in moun
Terrestrial vegetation is a crucial component of the Earth system, and its changes not only represent one of the most distinct aspects of climate change but also exert significant feedback within the climate system by exchanging energy, moisture, and carbon dioxide. To quantitatively and mechanistically study climate-vegetation feedback, numerical vegetation models have been developed on the theor
Globally, boreal forests act as important carbon sinks, however, drought and forest management could substantially alter the sink strength, though the controlling mechanisms of drought and management remain unclear. In this study, we combined the detailed process-based CoupModel with multiple measurements to study the impacts of recent drought and forest thinning on a boreal forest during 2018–202
The spatial imprint of forest disturbances, which can result from a variety of anthropogenic and natural causes, is important in shaping the form and function of the world’s forests. However, we lack a systematic assessment of how the forms of forest disturbances differ globally, which could help in sustainable forest policy and management initiatives to protect forest biomes. Here we produce a gl
The critical soil moisture threshold (SMth) of plant water stress distinguishes whether vegetation is in an energy-limited or water-limited regime. Accurate quantification of SMth for grasslands holds significant implications for drought monitoring and efficient grassland management. However, our understanding of SMth within global grasslands remains limited. In this study, we investigated the rel
Snowpack atop sea ice plays a vital role in the Arctic heat and energy balance by reducing the energy transfer between the atmosphere and the ocean. This study presents an improved snow depth retrieval model over Arctic multiyear ice (MYI) from the Microwave Radiometer Imager (MWRI) data of the Fengyun-3 (FY-3) series satellites using the optimal machine learning approach identified. Validation ag
Widespread autumn cooling occurred in the northern hemisphere (NH) during the period 2004-2018, primarily due to the strengthening of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation and Siberian High. Yet, while there has been considerable focus on the warming impacts, the effects of natural cooling on autumn leaf senescence and plant productivity have been largely overlooked. This gap in knowledge hinders our un
This paper focuses on the meticulous selection of optimal remote sensing and climate datasets for Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) estimation in African rangelands. Utilizing Eddy Covariance Flux Tower data, we refine data selection and employ a Light Use Efficiency (LUE) model, with Sentinel 2 for photosynthetically active vegetation quantification, MODIS for Photosynthetically Active Radiation (
Monitoring the changes of ecosystem functioning is pivotal for understanding the global carbon cycle. Despite its size and contribution to the global carbon cycle, Africa is largely understudied in regard to ongoing changes of its ecosystem functioning and their responses to climate change. One of the reasons is the lack of long-term in situ data. Here, we use eddy covariance to quantify the net e
Droughts are often long-lasting phenomena, without a distinct start or end and with impacts cascading across sectors and systems, creating long-term legacies. Nevertheless, our current perceptions and management of droughts and their impacts are often event-based, which can limit the effective assessment of drought risks and reduction of drought impacts. Here, we advocate for changing this perspec
The traditional remote sensing ecological index (RSEI), based on principal component analysis (PCA) to integrate four evaluation indexes: greenness (NDVI), humidity (WET), dryness (NDBSI), and heat (LST), is insufficient to comprehensively consider the influence of each eco-environment evaluation index on eco-environment quality (EEQ). In this research, a new comprehensive remote sensing ecologica
Accurately simulating stomatal behavior is crucial for understanding water, carbon, and energy fluxes between land and atmosphere. Given the significant impact of plastic film mulching on water and temperature, it is essential to incorporate water and temperature modifications into stomatal conductance models under these conditions. In this study, we evaluated three commonly used stomatal conducta
Over the years, the field of landslide disaster research has amassed a wealth of data and specialized knowledge. However, these resources originate from a wide array of sources and often feature complex data structures, highlighting a persistent lack of methods to integrate multi-source, heterogeneous data. Traditional landslide monitoring methods typically focus on singular monitoring targets and
Modeling of riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) dynamics is of great importance for the global carbon budget. Impoundment interception changes the travel time of water and DOC from upslope contributing areas, exerting substantial influence on riverine DOC dynamics in the catchments with many impoundments. However, the impact of impoundment interception representation on riverine DOC modeling h
Rapid urbanization can change local climate by increasing land surface temperature (LST), particularly in metropolitan regions. This study uses two decades of remote sensing data to investigate how urbanization-induced changes in land use/land cover (LULC) affect LST in the Beijing Region, China. By focusing on the key issue of LST and its contributing variables through buffer zones, we determined
Airborne mineral dust is sensitive to climatic changes, but its response to orbital forcing is still not fully understood. Here, we present a reconstruction of dust input to the Subarctic Pacific Ocean covering the past 190 kyr. The dust composition record is indicative of source moisture conditions, which were dominated by precessional variations. In contrast, the dust flux record is dominated by
