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Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen utgår från förhållandet att symtom på psykisk ohälsa har tenderat att öka över tid i exempelvis de undersökningar som görs regelbundet av hälsorisker och ohälsa i form av olika så kallade folkhälsoenkäter och liknande undersökningar av hälsoläget i den svenska befolkningen. Det finns en diskussion bland forskare kring vad denna tendens står för, exempelvis Mental disorders, especially depression, have been increasingly described as a growing burden to global public health. Critics argue, however, that the use of mental health surveys, underlying these descriptions, tends to overestimate the prevalence of mental disorders by not distinguishing everyday experiences of distress from pathological conditions. This medicalization of public health is belie

In the post-genomic era, it has become evident that genetic changes alone are not sufficient to understand most disease processes including pancreatic cancer. Genome sequencing has revealed a complex set of genetic alterations in pancreatic cancer such as point mutations, chromosomal losses, gene amplifications and telomere shortening that drive cancerous growth through specific signaling pathways

This paper discusses compact node-link formulations for MPLS fast reroute optimal single path layout. We propose mathematical formulations for MPLS fast reroute local protection mechanisms. In fact, we compare one-to-one (also called detour) local protection and many-to-one (also called facility backup) local protection mechanisms with respect to minimized maximum link utilization. The optimal res

In Frisch grid ionization chambers special attention must be paid to the operating voltages in order to avoid unwanted collection of electrons on the Frisch grid. Collection of electrons on the grid will lead to a decreased signal to noise ratio and consequently a deteriorated energy resolution. Furthermore, systematic errors in the determination of the angular distribution will be introduced. The

Purpose: It is not yet possible to estimate the number of cases required for a beginner to become expert in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. We estimated the learning curve of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for positive surgical margins compared to a published learning curve for open radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: We reviewed records from 8,544 consecutive patients with prost

The PreSPEC setup for high-resolution 'gamma-ray spectroscopy using radioactive ion beams was employed for experimental campaigns in 2012 and 2014. The setup consisted of the state of the art Advanced GAmma Tracking Array (AGATA) and the High Energy gamma cleteCTOR (HECTOR+) positioned around a secondary target at the final focal plane of the GSI FRagment Separator (FRS) to perform in-beam gamma-r

Gaussian wave models have been successfully used since the early 1950s to describe the development of random sea waves, particularly as input to dynamic simulation of the safety of ships and offshore structures. A drawback of the Gaussian model is that it produces stochastically symmetric waves, which is an unrealistic feature and can lead to unconservative safety estimates. The Gaussian model des

The hallmark of severe haemophilia, defined as a circulating level of factor (F) VIII (haemophilia A cases) or FIX (haemophilia B cases) of < 1%, is recurrent bleeding into muscles and joints (haemarthroses) from an early age of life. The inevitable result of such bleeding is progressive joint damage, leading to disabling arthritis that is typically evident within the first 2 decades of life in pe

The performance of the ALICE detector in searches for new heavy stable charged particles in pp collisions is discussed in this paper Gluino R-hadron was chosen as an example of a candidate, and cross sections and kinematic properties were obtained from PYTHIA simulations for various gluino masses (100 - 500 GeV/c(2)) Detector response simulations for R-hadrons in the TPC acceptance (vertical bar e

The interactions between wild-type or mutant recombinant forms of human cystatin C and rat cathepsin B were characterized by measuring progress curves for substrate hydrolysis in the presence of inhibitor. The investigation was guided by the use of computer modeling and explores the possibility that amino acid residues in the N-terminal region of cystatin C interact with substrate-binding regions

We present a method for parametrizing the Zeeman effect in hydrogen-like systems in high-temperature plasmas, where the fine-structure is completely unresolved. The method is based on the observation that the different polarization components behave collectively like separate entities, with simple relations. The entire Zeeman pattern can then be reduced to just three components, whose dependence o

Through ethnographic accounts, the method of heat treatment of silica materials to improve the flaking qualities is shown to have been known almost worldwide. Some mesolithic and neolithic flint artifacts from southern Sweden were examined in order to determine if they too were heat treated. From several methods proving or indicating thermal alteration of flint, analysis using scanning electron mi

The present multidisciplinary study examined nigrostriatal dopamine and striatal amino acid transmission in the R6/1 line of transgenic Huntington's disease (HD) mice expressing exon 1 of the HD gene with 115 CAG repeats. Although the number of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neurons was not reduced and nigrostriatal connectivity remained intact in 16-week-old R6/1 mice, the size of tyrosine hydroxy

The brackish water cyanobacterium Nodularia spumigena produce the hepatotoxic cyclic pentapeptide nodularin. Intoxications for both human as well as animal may arise when water reservoirs are contaminated with potentially toxic Nodularia species. Here, results of three independent methods for the determination of nodularin in different strains of N. spumigena are presented. The results obtained wi

Consider a parametrized family of general hidden Markov models, where both the observed and unobserved components take values in a complete separable metric space. We prove that the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of the parameter is strongly consistent under a rather minimal set of assumptions. As special cases of our main result, we obtain consistency in a large class of nonlinear state space

In 2004 at the ATLAS (A Toroidal LHC ApparatuS) combined test beam, one slice of the ATLAS barrel detector (including an Inner Detector set-up and the Liquid Argon calorimeter) was exposed to particles from the H8 SPS beam line at CERN. It was the first occasion to test the combined electron performance of ATLAS. This paper presents results obtained for the momentum measurement p with the Inner De

Evacuation models generally include the use of distributions or probabilistic variables to simulate the variability of possible human behaviours. A single model setup of the same evacuation scenario may therefore produce a distribution of different occupant-evacuation time curves in the case of the use of a random sampling method. This creates an additional component of uncertainty caused by the i

The mechanisms of neuronal cell death are still only poorly understood, which has hindered the advancement of therapies for many currently untreatable neurodegenerative diseases. This calls for the development of new methods which reveal critical molecular mechanisms of the celldeath machinery with both high sensitivity and cellular resolution. Using animal models for hereditary neurodegeneration