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The paper's target is the historically influential betting interpretation of subjective probabilities due to Ramsey and de Finetti. While there are several classical and well-known objections to this interpretation, the paper focuses on just one fundamental problem: There is a sense in which degrees of belief cannot be interpreted as betting rates. The reasons differ in different cases, but there'

The laws of fluid dynamics govern vortex ring formation and precede cardiac development by billions of years, suggesting that diastolic vortex ring formation is instrumental in defining the shape of the heart. Using novel and validated magnetic resonance imaging measurements, we show that the healthy left ventricle moves in tandem with the expanding vortex ring, indicating that cardiac form and fu

In today’s business landscape the view and role of the customer, or market, in shaping and guiding strategy and the competitive advantage of a business, is given increasing attention within many areas of business theory. By definition the supply chain discipline focuses on suppliers from the perspective of the manufacturer, not customers. However this paper illustrates the use of the supply chain

Objective: To describe the principles and operation of a new telemetry-based function test for the Nucleus (R) cochlear implant, known as the CS19 Intra-Cochlear Impedance Matrix (IIM) and to present results from a multicentre clinical study to establish reproducibility (test-retest reliability) and normative ranges. Method: The IIM test measures bipolar impedances between all electrode pairs and

The DELPHI experiment at the LEP e (+) e(-) collider collected almost 700 pb(-1) at centre-of-mass energies above the Z(0) mass pole and up to 208 GeV. Those data were used to search for SUSY in the Anomaly Mediated SUSY Breaking (AMSB) scenario with a flavour independent common sfermion mass parameter. The searches covered several possible signatures experimentally accessible at LEP, with either

Background:  Alcohol use disorders (AUD) involving hazardous, harmful, and addictive misuse of alcohol are widespread in most parts of the world. The aim of this study was to review the effect of disulfiram in the treatment of patients with AUD. The effect of disulfiram was evaluated according to the primary outcome of an intake of alcohol below 30 and 20 g/d for men and women, respectively, as we

Background: End-stage kidney disease overwhelms health services in Central America. We determined prevalences of decreased kidney function in distinct populations in the most affected region of Nicaragua. Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Setting & Participants: Total populations aged 20-60 years of 5 villages in Northwest Nicaragua: mining/subsistence farming (elevation, 100-300 m above s

This paper presents an analysis of the point-spread functions (PSFs),which may be expected in the so-called improved seeing limited mode forthe Euro50 (Extremely large telescope with a 50 m aperture). This modecomprises adaptive control of the deformable secondary mirror of theaplanatic Gregorian telescope configuration using guide stars in a widefield. I may result in efficient compensation of tu

Migrating birds often alternate between flight steps, when distance is covered and energy consumed, and stopover periods, when energy reserves are restored. An alternative strategy is fly-and-forage migration, useful mainly for birds that hunt or locate their prey in flight, and thus, enables birds to combine foraging with covering migration distance. The favourability of this strategy in comparis

Familial defective apolipoprotein B100 (FDB) is a genetic disorder in which low density lipoproteins (LDL) bind defectively to the LDL receptor, resulting in hypercholesterolemia and premature atherosclerosis. FDB is caused by a mutation (R3500Q) that changes the conformation of apolipoprotein (apo) B100 near the receptor-binding site. We previously showed that arginine, not simply a positive char

This paper proposes a simple procedure to reduce the size distortions of the panel LM test for cointegration. The new procedure is based on first splitting the sample into even and odd numbered observations, and to employ the panel LM test to each subsample. The two tests are then combined using the Bonferroni principle as suggested by Choi [Choi, I., 2004, Improving the empirical size of the KPSS

A constrained nonapeptide phage display library was evaluated as a potential source of affinity ligand(s) for purification of cutinase, a lipolytic enzyme. After seven cycles of biopanning, 500 clones were isolated and individually tested for their capability to interact with cutinase. Three out of six sequenced clones carrying a cutinase-specific constrained peptide showed the same insert sequenc

The change of phenotypic traits in domestic animals and crops as a response to selective breeding mimics the much slower evolutionary change in natural populations. Here, we describe that the dominant white phenotype in domestic pigs is caused by two mutations in the KIT gene encoding the mast/stem cell growth factor receptor (MGF), one gene duplication associated with a partially dominant phenoty