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Performance of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is very sensitive to its electric resistance appearing in its functional components. In this paper, the electric resistance as well as related parameters of a cell is evaluated by a recently developed numerical method in the through-plane direction of the electrodes. The results show that the channel/rib structure leads to non-homogeneous e
BACKGROUND: Perinatal stroke refers to a diverse but specific group of cerebrovascular diseases that occur between 20 weeks of fetal life and 28 days of postnatal life. Acute treatment options for perinatal stroke are limited supportive care, such as controlling hypoglycemia and seizures. Stem cell-based therapies offer a potential therapeutic approach to repair, restore, or regenerate injured bra
The cooperative emission of interacting nanocrystals is an exciting topic fueled by recent reports of superfluorescence and superradiance in assemblies of perovskite nanocubes. Several studies estimated that coherent coupling is localized to a small fraction of nanocrystals (10−7-10−3) within the assembly, raising questions about the origins of localization and ways to overcome it. In this work, w
Least squares identification is considered from the Bayesian point of view. A necessary and sufficient condition for consistency almost everywhere is given under the assumption that the data are generated by a regression model with white and Ganssian noise.
We develop a simulation method for Markov Jump processes with finite time steps based in a quasilinear approximation of the process and in multinomial random deviates. The second order approximation to the generating function, Error$=O(dt^{2})$, is developed in detailand an algorithm is presented. The algorithm is implemented for a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Susceptible (SIRS) epidemic model a
Constructing in rock will always involve unforeseen rock conditions. This involves a large risk to a project and can in the end entail delays and extra costs. To minimize the risks, an optimized pre-investigation program has to be conducted where essential information is gathered in order to make the best decisions throughout the construction project. In this work the main focus has been on the ap
Infectious diseases are an existential health threat, potentiated by emerging and re-emerging viruses and increasing bacterial antibiotic resistance. Targeted treatment of infectious diseases re-quires precision diagnostics, especially in cases where broad-range therapeutics such as antibiotics fail. There is thus an increasing need for new approaches to develop sensitive and specific in vitro dia
Public participation in environmental decision-making has been increasingly recognised in national, regional and international law in the last decades. In parallel, the World Bank - an inter-state development bank and international organisation - has developed a set of safeguard policies including provisions on public participation in environmental decision-making. Public participation is about re
The adoption of the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage 2001 plugs a gap in the otherwise comprehensive international liability and compensation regime for ship-source pollution. Although liability for bunkers pollution from tankers was partially regulated by other civil liability regimes, bunker spills pollution from other types of vessels was left uncovere
Last few years, services such as Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) and Voice over Internet Protocol (ValP) have been in focus. Network operators see a huge potential in streaming real-time media over IP-networks and this lays the ground for so called paid services such as Video on Demand (VOD) as well as free services like YouThbe and SVT Play. IPTV delivers content over a closed infrastructure
Primarily due to a massively overburdened docket, the European Court of Human Rights has been experiencing major challenges in the last decade. The crisis has prompted it to modify its procedures and one recent innovation at the Court is the pilot judgment procedure, which is a tool for dealing with systemic deficiencies in the Member States. This thesis assesses what the effects of the pilot judg
Issue of study: To be a well performing company over time, profitability and growth are considered the key strategic value drivers. Swedish and Finnish manufacturing companies are using different strategies to handle this challenge and some are performing better than others. In a world of globalization it is essential for the companies to remain competitive. Purpose: The purpose of this study is
The project was intended to explore the user needs around death and grief in todays Swedish society, with the assumptions that there is a mismatch between the needs and the existing offer of products and services in the area. An extensive research was made by qualitative user interviews, on-line research and readings. A number of opportunity areas for improvement was identified. The finally selec
This paper develops a theoretical approach towards understanding treaty opt-outs from EU common policies by drawing on Putnam’s Two-Level Games theory. In doing so, the paper first presents treaty opt-outs as defections from negotiations by looking at previous research regarding opt-outs. Then, the paper goes on to concentrate on different European integration theories in order to explain their sh
Thesis Purpose: This thesis investigates users of crowdfunding platforms in order to further the insight into understanding what affects their motives and behaviour. The relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation as well as peer influence is investigated. Theoretical Perspective: This study is grounded on the limited theories surrounding crowdfunding and crowdsourcing, as well as rele
This thesis is about the licensing system of the Creative Commons discussed from the perspective of the theory of the commons mostly as formulated by Elinor Ostrom. The work is started by describing the concepts and theory of common pool resources and regime of the commons for production and distribution of these resources. The main characteristics for successful traditional commons – efficiency,
