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Den här uppsatsen kretsar kring svenska kommuners drift av gym, en företeelse som gör att kommunen agerar som aktör på den öppna marknaden. I takt med att allt mer av den offentliga och den privata sektorn har smält samman så har också antalet konkurrenskonflikter som detta kan föranleda ökat. Det privata näringslivet har under årtionden påtalat att de upplever det som ett problem och att den offeThis essay revolves around Swedish municipalities' operation of gyms, a phenomenon that makes the municipalities act as players on the open market. As more and more of the public and private sectors have merged the number of competitive conflicts that this has caused has also increased. The private sector has, for decades, complained that it feels it is an issue and that the public sector is n

More and more researchers are considering the omnibus eye movement sequence—the scanpath—in their studies of visual and cognitive processing (e.g. Hayes, Petrov, & Sederberg, 2011; Madsen, Larson, Loschky, & Rebello, 2012; Ni et al., 2011; von der Malsburg & Vasishth, 2011). However, it remains unclear how recent methods for comparing scanpaths perform in experiments producing variable

In species with complex life cycles, laboratory studies have shown that variations in the traits of settling larvae can affect post-settlement survival and influence recruitment and benthic- pelagic coupling. However, we still know little about the magnitude and spatial scale of natural trait variation. We studied spatial variation in body size and nutritional reserves (carbon, nitrogen and lipids

Monapostrukturen ligger i Nampula provinsen i norra Moçambique, och utgör en del av Mocambique bältet. Strukturen är ca 35-40 km i diameter och har en mycket låg topografi. Trots detta syns den väl på satellitbilder och flygfotografier. Relationer mellan samt utbredning av de enskilda bergartsleden är inte helt klarlagd och frågor såsom transportriktning, litostratigrafisk uppdelning samt tektonisThe Monapo Structure is situated in the Nampula Subprovince in northern Moçambique, and makes up a part of the Moçambique Orogenic Belt. It is a 35 x 40 km subcircular structure, with a very flat topography, and it clearly shows up on aerial photos. The regional setting of the Monapo Structure is not yet clearly settled and many questions regarding transportation directions, lithostratigraphic gro

Summary: Lake Bussjö is an 0.3 hectare large kettle hole in a hummocky morain landscape four kilometers north of Ystad. The purpose of this study is to investigate the stratigraphy and reconstruct the highest water level. Another task is to estimate the rate of farmland advance on earlier grazingland and swamps. Furthermore, to calculate the future development of the lake. To make the stratigraphy

Title: International Capital Asset Pricing Model in the Baltics and Poland - Is ICAPM a realistic model? Seminar date: 2012-03-23 Course: NekH01, Degree Project Undergraduate level, Financial Economic, Undergraduate level, 15 Credits (ECTS) Authors: Niklas Håkansson & Anton Sandvall Advisor: Frederik Lundtofte Key words : ICAPM, Foreign exchange rate premium, Ordinary least squares, Front

?SEPARATE WORLDS?. School librarians teaching in information seeking in high school. The aim of this Master's thesis is to study how information seeking is taught in high school and how school librarians describe their experiences of teaching information seeking. Five school librarians from five different high schools (gymnasium) in Skåne participated in the study. The empirical data derives

Rapid urbanization in Guangdong Province has severely impacted river systems due to limited understanding of the sustainability of river connectivity and functions. This study applies the Minimum Cumulative Resistance Model (MCRM) to quantify expansion costs of natural and social processes, with their difference defined as the River Ecological Sensitivity (RES) index. Higher RES values indicate th

Diamonds are regarded to be one of the most valuable natural resources on earth, with an average rough diamond price of $71 per carat in 2000. This gives scope for great economic success in diamond abundant countries. Some of the worlds most diamond abundant countries are found in Africa, ironically also some of the poorest. In recent years it has been brought to the world’s attention that illicit

De flesta aktiebolag i Sverige är fåmansföretag – vilket innebär att de ägs till övervägande del av en eller ett fåtal personer – och för dessa företag gäller särskilda skatterättsliga regler. Bakgrunden till denna särreglering är att det inte föreligger något sant tvåpartsförhållande mellan företaget och dess ägare, vilka utan särreglering därför skulle kunna skaffa sig omotiverade skattemässiga Most limited companies in Sweden are closely held companies – which mean that they are predominantly owned by one or a few persons – and for these companies there are special regulations applicable. The reason for having special regulations is that there does not exist a bilateral relationship between the company and the owner. Hence, without these special regulations the owner could receive unjus

Ökande marktemperaturer har rapporterats från hela Arktis. Marktemperaturen är känslig för klimatförändringar och spelar en viktig roll för biologiska och fysiska processer i jorden. I områden med permafrost (mark som är frusen minst två år i följd) kan en ökad marktemperatur leda till att permafrosten tinar, vilket kan få genomgripande konsekvenser på vegetation, hydrologi och infrastruktur. UpptIncreasing ground temperatures have been documented all around the Arctic. Ground temperatures are sensitive climate indicators and play an important role in biological and physical processes that occur in soils. Increases in ground temperatures can lead to permafrost thawing which in turn can have profound effects on vegetation, hydrology and infrastructure. Also the greenhouse gas balance can be

Background: A major challenge of today is to protect the marine ecosystem from a total collapse. Overfishing, illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing, climate change in the sea, coral bleaching, ocean acidification, marine pollution impacts of coastal development, exotic and invasive species and last but not least all the cumulative impacts, are just some of the factors degrading our marine en

The demands on library services are quickly changing in a continually updating digital age. This increases the importance of a good understanding of the needs and demands of the users. In order to sample and follow the change in user needs library organisations analyse their efforts using a series of different methods. In a recent survey distributed to all 301 European LIBER university libraries,

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to provide an overview and understanding of what innovation strategies to thrive in a VUCA world are presented by research published from 2015-2024. As the characteristics and consequences of the VUCA world become increasingly evident and in today’s corporate environment, utilizing innovation strategies are one forwarded way in order for corporations to mainta

Sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) communicate with one another using an intricate language made up of sequences of clicks. Recent studies have begun to dig deeper into the structure and content of these vocalisations in an effort to detect and extract significant patterns and features. Whether or not the results of such research will eventually allow us to translate sperm whale speech into som

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is arising gradually as a useful methodology in the AEC field. One of the many benefits of BIM is coordination between stakeholders from multiple disciplines. However, the field of Fire Safety Engineering (FSE) is relatively lagging by its lack of integration into this digital workflow. This lack of integration increases the efforts needed to evaluate the desig

As the latest generation of wireless access technology called Fifth Generation (5G) New Radio (NR) evolves, computational efficiency is key to keep low cost and flexible deployments for vendors. Understanding how the Digital Signal Processing (DSP) load behaves in the digital units is one aspect to enable this efficiency. This thesis investigates how the DSP load in the base station behaves for a

The case Micula gave people the impression that EU law and ICSID arbitration law are incompatible legal orders, unable to accept each other’s dissenting opinions. Every ICSID tribunal decision in the field seems to cause heavy defence reactions in the EU legal system. However, this clearly does not have to be the case if all parties involved behave cautiously. This thesis will analyse in detail

This thesis in whole is essentially envisaged to display the evolutionary process of the protection of the right to data protection, with a focus on cross-border data transfers, specifically between the EU and the U.S. post-Schrems case. The Schrems case marks a pivotal moment in the definition of the notion of privacy and data protection in many ways, among which the downfall of Safe Harbor is th

This study investigates the barriers that high-skilled Asian immigrant entrepreneurs have in the process of starting their entrepreneurial ventures outside of Asia. The study interviewed eight high-skilled Asian immigrant entrepreneurs from Sweden, Germany, France, and USA. The study uses five theoretical frameworks to investigate the barriers, which are: cultural barriers, social capital, human c