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Kustnära putsade fasader ställda mot havet har av rapportförfattarna observerats vara i sämre skick än fasader med riktning inåt landet i samma miljö. Detta leder till hypotesen att saltvatten påskyndar nedbrytningen av kalk/cementbruk genom saltsprängning eller annan form av vittringsprocess. Ingen form av kemisk nedbrytning är rimlig då salt inte reagerar med putsens vanliga beståndsdelar. SvensOf rendered façades in coastal environment Rendered coastal-facing façades have been observed to be in worse condition than those facing away from the coastline in the same environment. This leads to the hypothesis that salt water accelerates the deterioration of render, either by salt blasting or through other forms of weathering processes. Since salt does not react with common render components,

De flesta aktiebolag i Sverige är fåmansföretag – vilket innebär att de ägs till övervägande del av en eller ett fåtal personer – och för dessa företag gäller särskilda skatterättsliga regler. Bakgrunden till denna särreglering är att det inte föreligger något sant tvåpartsförhållande mellan företaget och dess ägare, vilka utan särreglering därför skulle kunna skaffa sig omotiverade skattemässiga Most limited companies in Sweden are closely held companies – which mean that they are predominantly owned by one or a few persons – and for these companies there are special regulations applicable. The reason for having special regulations is that there does not exist a bilateral relationship between the company and the owner. Hence, without these special regulations the owner could receive unjus

Ökande marktemperaturer har rapporterats från hela Arktis. Marktemperaturen är känslig för klimatförändringar och spelar en viktig roll för biologiska och fysiska processer i jorden. I områden med permafrost (mark som är frusen minst två år i följd) kan en ökad marktemperatur leda till att permafrosten tinar, vilket kan få genomgripande konsekvenser på vegetation, hydrologi och infrastruktur. UpptIncreasing ground temperatures have been documented all around the Arctic. Ground temperatures are sensitive climate indicators and play an important role in biological and physical processes that occur in soils. Increases in ground temperatures can lead to permafrost thawing which in turn can have profound effects on vegetation, hydrology and infrastructure. Also the greenhouse gas balance can be

This paper attempts to contribute to existing knowledge through an explicit threefold purpose. Initially, the importance of leverage in explaining equity return volatility is determined through two fixed effects panel data estimations. The panel dataset runs from 1990-2009 and includes 20 years worth of observations for the 45 firms on the Stockholm stock exchange for which data is available. The

This paper discusses the sanction for damages upon trademark infringement. The Swedish trademark law, 38 §, is compared to the coming proposal of the Swedish trademark law, 67 §. The final law proposal is yet to be determined; the proposal has not been published in Swedish code of statutes and is therefore not in effect. A central issue is whether the new proposal will improve the, thus far, medio

As the case of the Deepwater Horizon reveals, the consequences of an oil spill or any other marine incident can be devastating. Although pollution from ships implies a much lesser scale, nevertheless there must be maximum efforts for preventing the possible risks and consequences of marine casualties. For centuries salvors have remained the ones who will provide the fastest response to a ship in

During the latter half of the 20th century there has been a continuous decrease in the number of farms in Sweden and agriculture’s importance in economic terms has fallen considerably. This has had significant effects on economic activity in rural areas, on the environment and on the location and size of the food processing industry. Studying the size and the effects of this structural change in a

Having multiple control tasks concurrently running on a single computing platform increases the processor utilization but degrades the control performance due to delay and jitter. In scheduling and control codesign, the objective is to optimize the combined performance of all the controllers, subject to a schedulability constraint. The codesign procedure consists of selecting task parameters, e.g.

We present an extensive rheology study of the wormlike micelle system lecithin-water-cyclohexane. In this system the micelles are really wormlike, meaning that there are no signs of micellar branching, as it has previously been demonstrated by NMR self-diffusion experiments (R. Angelico, U. Olsson, G. Palazzo and A. Ceglie, Phys. Rev. Lett., 1998, 81, 2823). Wormlike micelles break and recombine,

European rivers experience increased loading of total organic carbon (TOC) from terrestrial sources due to factors involving changes in land use, climate and soil acidity. However, little is known about how increased TOC is linked to changes in the bioreactivity of organic matter in these rivers on a continental scale. We compiled paired measurements of TOC and biological oxygen demand in 5‐day 20

The demands on library services are quickly changing in a continually updating digital age. This increases the importance of a good understanding of the needs and demands of the users. In order to sample and follow the change in user needs library organisations analyse their efforts using a series of different methods. In a recent survey distributed to all 301 European LIBER university libraries,

Dödsstraffet är ett straff som har diskuterats i hundratals år. Jag är själv fascinerad av de argument som har använts, och fortfarande används, för och emot bibehållandet av strafftypen. Genom att studera förarbeten och doktrin har jag försökt utreda hur och varför Sverige avskaffade dödsstraffet. Jag har också jämfört den svenska processen med den som pågick vid ungefär samma tid i Danmark. BådaThe death penalty has been debated for hundreds of years. I am personally fascinated by the arguments used for keeping and removing the penalty from the legislation. I have by studying the legislative history and doctrine tried to research how and why Sweden abolished the death penalty. I also compared the results with the same process in Denmark. Both countries chose to abolish the death penalty

Title: Mapping, development and optimization of internal logistics in a multi- stage production facility Authors: Nils Jönsson and Björn Hofbard Supervisors: Eva Berg, Department of Industrial Management and Logistics. Conny Andersson, Sandvik Background: In highly dynamic and competitive environments, supply chain management and logistics can create important advantages against competitors. Since

När en ny bil skall designas är det viktigt att kunna förutse vissa fenomen innan en fysisk prototyp finns tillgänglig. Ljudet som orsakas av vägen är ett av dessa fenomen. På grund av känsligheten och komplexiteten i metoderna som används idag vore det intressant ifall man kan använda något enkelt mått för att få en känsla för detta fenomen i en tidig konceptutvecklingsfas. Frågan blir då, vilketThe noise, vibration and harshness (NVH) and body dynamic performance of automotive vehicles is highly dependent of the components included in the body structure and compartment, since they add mass, stiffness and damping to the overall structure. Today, the noise levels in the compartment are predicted using complex and detailed computational models during both early and late stages of the vehicl

Nya system skapar svårigheter då man inte kan använda redan etablerade metaforer, designer eller sätt att beskriva och prata om systemet. Detta arbetet ämnar att underlätta arbetet med sådana system genom att erbjuda designprinciper och metodiker för att jobba med dem och undersöka vilka svårigheter man behöver vara medveten om. För att forma och testa nya designprinciper och metodiker så genomföOne of the difficulties in designing new products is the absence of already tried metaphors, designs or ways to talk about the system. This thesis focuses on methods and practises one could potentially use when designing something new - and if there are any challenges one need to aware of as a designer of such a system. In order to devise, and test, these practices and methods, an example system

Some of the most consistently utilized terms in international environmental law are “sustainable development” and “sustainability”. Sustainable development is mentioned in virtually every domestic, regional and international laws on environment, energy and natural resources. This has led to the contentions by some scholars that the concept of sustainable development has matured into customary inte

In species with complex life cycles, laboratory studies have shown that variations in the traits of settling larvae can affect post-settlement survival and influence recruitment and benthic- pelagic coupling. However, we still know little about the magnitude and spatial scale of natural trait variation. We studied spatial variation in body size and nutritional reserves (carbon, nitrogen and lipids

Blad1 Lund University Agreements Agreement number LINK Status Agreement type University Erasmus Country Erasmus City Erasmus Code City Country Agreement Contact Agreement Organisation Subject Area 295 Active Erasmus+ University of Innsbruck, Institute of Botany A INNSBRU01 A INNSBRU01 Innsbruck Austria Christina Ledje Department of Biology 0511 - 0511 Biology 294 Active Erasmus+ University of Vien

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