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Insulin resistance causes compensatory insulin production, which in humans can eventually progress to β-cell failure and type 2 diabetes (T2D). This disease progression involves multi-scale processes, ranging from intracellular signaling to organ and whole-body level regulations, on timescales from minutes to years. T2D progression is commonly studied using overfed and genetically modified rodents
Sequencing of immunoglobulin germline gene loci is a challenging process, e.g. due to their repetitiveness and complexity, hence limiting the insight in the germline gene repertoire of humans and other species. Through next generation sequencing technology, it is possible to generate immunoglobulin transcript data sets large enough to computationally infer the germline genes from which the transcr
Dryland ecosystems are a major source of land cover, account for about 40% of Earth's terrestrial surface and net primary productivity, and house more than 30% of the human population. These ecosystems are subject to climate extremes (e.g. large-scale droughts and extreme floods) that are projected to increase in frequency and severity under most future climate scenarios. In this modelling study w
Sodium niobate (NaNbO3 or NN) is described as "the most complex perovskite system,"which exhibits transitions between, as well as coexistence of, several ferroelectrics (FE) and antiferroelectric (AFE) phases at different temperatures. Recently, solid solutions of NN with stabilized AFE phases(s) have gained attention for energy-related applications, such as high-density energy storage and electro
In this study, a plant-wide model describing the fate of C, N and P compounds, upgraded to account for (on-site/off-site) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, was implemented within the International Water Association (IWA) Benchmarking Simulation Model No. 2 (BSM2) framework. The proposed approach includes the main biological N2O production pathways and mechanistically describes CO2 (biogenic/non-biog
Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent paroxystic neurological disorders that can dramatically degrade the quality of life and may even lead to death. Therefore, real-time epilepsy monitoring and seizure detection has become important over the past decades. In this context, wearable technologies offer a promising solution to pervasive epilepsy monitoring by removing the constraints with respect to
This paper investigates the quantification of FPGA resources for the implementation of closed-loop combustion control algorithms. Specifically, the study focuses on methods for their in-cycle execution and control of the combustion in real-time. A National Instruments Xilinx Virtex-5 platform was used for the quantification of the resources.Closed-loop combustion control obtains feedback from fast
One-stage method of polysulfone (PSf) membrane modification by the addition of polyacrylic acid (PAA, Mn = 250 kg·mol−1) to the coagulation bath during membrane preparation via non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) was proposed. The effect of PAA concentration on the membrane structure, hydrophilicity, zeta potential, separation performance and antifouling stability in ultrafiltration of lys
As rotary machines have become more complicated, balancing processes have been classified as a vital step in condition monitoring to ensure that machines operate reliably, smoothly and safely. All rotating objects will deflect during rotation and all objects possess certain natural frequencies in the absence of rotation. However, an unbalanced object can cause significant unwanted deflection creat
We present the first large-scale study that demonstrates how ages can be determined for large samples of stars through Galactic chemical evolution. Previous studies found that the elemental abundances of a star correlate directly with its age and metallicity. Using this knowledge, we derive ages for 214 577 stars in GALAH DR3 using only overall metallicities and chemical abundances. Stellar ages a
Zone plates are diffractive optics commonly used in X-ray microscopes. Here, we present a wet-chemical approach for fabricating high aspect ratio Pd/Si zone plate optics aimed at the hard X-ray regime. A Si zone plate mold is fabricated via metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) and further metalized with Pd via electroless deposition (ELD). MACE results in vertical Si zones with high aspect ratio
The Hyogo and Sendai frameworks highlight the key role of disaster risk management (DRM). However, the guidance is limited on how to best conduct DRM activities, such as capability assessments, to reduce the impact of disasters. In this study, we examine the effectiveness of different ways of presenting capability assessments, both when dealing with so-called high impact/low probability (HILP) eve
Research SummaryGrowth often requires start‐ups to recruit new skills not present in the founding team. We analyze if the relationship between integrating new skills and growth depends on timing. Should new skills be recruited as early as possible, or can start‐ups add them as needed along the way? Using a unique panel dataset covering Sweden's population of start‐ups from 1997 to 2012, our analys
*Summary: The bacterium Escherichia coli is a common host organism for recombinant protein production. A problem encountered is the accumulation of the by-product acetate, which tends to reduce growth and protein production (1). Formation of acetate can be avoided by a proper substrate feeding strategy, but most strategies require considerable process knowledge to work well. The main problem is th
Semiconductor nanowire (NW) solar cells with a single p-n junction have exhibited efficiency comparable to that of their planar counterparts with a substantial reduction in material consumption. Tandem geometry is a path toward the fabrication of devices with even higher efficiencies, for which a key step is the fabrication of tunnel (Esaki) diodes within NWs with the correct diameter, pitch, and
As healthcare lacks incentives and structures for matching capacity between various care providers and for coordinating episodes of care, the result is capacity management that is difficult and uncertain. The organising of healthcare is not adapted to be able to assume the overall responsibility for the coordination of processes of care. The lack of coordination of care forms the departure point f
Partially premixed combustion (PPC) is an advanced combustion strategy that has been proposed to provide higher efficiency and lower emissions than conventional compression ignition, as well as greater controllability than homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI). Stratification of the fuel-air mixture is the key to achieving these benefits. The injection strategy, injector-piston geometry d
User generated content (UGC) makes up a significant portion of Internet traffic. As opposed to other content, UGC has so far been left outside over-the-top providing network operators content distribution networks (telco-CDN) due to the difficulty in determining optimised placement of such content. The side effect of this is that UGC content is not placed close to end users and therefore occupy un
PurposeTo ultimately make accurate and precise fetal noninvasive oxygen saturation (sO2) measurements by T2-prepared bSSFP more widely available by systematically assessing error sources in order to potentially reduce perinatal mortality in cardiovascular malformations and fetal growth restriction.MethodsT2-prepared bSSFP data were acquired in phantoms; in flowing blood in adults in the superior s
