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The aim of this thesis is to explore the evolution of new technology-based firms (NTBFs) based on solid empirical material for the Swedish economy. NTBFs are argued to be one important type of entrepreneurial firms that contribute to technology change, knowledge spillovers, and economic growth. However, our knowledge concerning how NTBFs exert their technological and economic influences is far fro
OBJECTIVES: To measure and compare the urinary cotinine concentration (U-cotinine) in non-smoking cabin attendants (C/A) working with the Scandinavian Airlines System, before and after work on intercontinental flights with exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). METHODS: The study material consisted of 24 cabin attendants and one pilot, all volunteers and all without exposure to ETS in the
Disturbances in intestinal metabolism and perfusion during SIRS can be direct effects of toxic substances, and/or effects secondary to hypovolemia. An attempt to evaluate the significance of hypovolemia for intestinal disturbances during SIRS was made in the present study on feline by evaluating the degree to which the intestinal alterations following endotoxin infusion were restored by a clinical
Salmonid parr-smolt transformation (smoltification) is a transitional stage between freshwater and seawater life when the salmon imprint on their natal stream, change from a territorial feeding behavior to downstream migration, increase their hypoosmoregulatory competence, and change body shape and coloration. Photoperiod is recognized as the most potent initiator and regulator of the smoltificati
Background. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection is inversely associated with socioeconomic conditions in childhood. In Estonia, a high prevalence of H. pylori infection has been observed among children born in 1987 and earlier. Since 1991, after the dissolution of the USSR, profound social and economic changes have taken place in the country. The aim of the study was to evaluate change
The atmospheric effects of soot aerosols include interference with radiative transfer, visibility impairment, and alteration of cloud formation and are highly sensitive to the manner by which soot is internally mixed with other aerosol constituents. We present experimental studies to show that soot particles acquire a large mass fraction of sulfuric acid during atmospheric aging, considerably alte
The formation of in vitro resistant starch (RS) during autoclaving and freeze-drying of wheat starch suspension was evaluated. A substantial amount of starch, up to 8% (dry weight basis), was rendered resistant to amylases during heat-treatment unless solubilised in KOH, whereas freeze-drying had only marginal effects. Heat-treated wheat starch was incorporated into test diets to provide different
Changes occurring in directly heated UHT milk were studied during storage at 5, 22, 30 and 40 °C. Industrially produced UHT milk samples were analysed for changes in enzymatic activity, protein modification, destabilisation of casein micelles and relocation of milk proteins in relation to sedimentation and gel formation. Sedimentation occurred at all temperatures, and the protein composition of th
While leukocyte interferon was found therapeutically ineffective in a series of 20 patients with metastatic malignant melanoma, subsequent combination treatment with interferon and cimetidine induced 5 complete and 1 partial tumour remissions. Prior to interferon therapy initiation, regressor patients demonstrated a significantly greater ability to mediate antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
The multiple-year drought that started in 2011 and reached climax in 2015 was the most severe and prolonged one in the semiarid northeastern (NE) Brazil in recent decades. This study aimed to investigate the reservoir surface water volume (SWV) variation in NE Brazil from 2009 to 2017 in four representative regions covering a total area of approximately 10,000 km2 there and encompassing 2,140 rese
Spider phobia is characterized by exaggerated fear of situations where spiders could be present, resulting in avoidance of such situations and compromised quality of life. An important component in psychological treatment of spider phobia is exposure to phobic situations that reduces avoidance behaviors. At the neural level, amygdala responses to phobic material are elevated, but normalizes follow
Popular Abstract in Swedish Proteinkinas C (PKC) är en familj enzymer (protein som påskyndar cellulära förlopp) bestående av åtminstone 10 medlemmar (isoformer) vilka är involverade i ett flertal cellulära processer. Varje isoform är namngiven med en grekisk bokstav och beroende på olika egenskaper hos enzymerna kan PKC familjen delas in i tre undergrupper, de klassiska (α, βΙ, βΙΙ och γ), de nya Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine/threonine kinases subgrouped into classical (α, βI, βII, γ), novel (δ, ε, η, θ) and atypical (ζ, ι/λ) isoforms. PKC can be activated by phorbol esters, and prolonged treatment of neuroblastoma cells has been shown to induce neuronal differentiation with neurite outgrowth and increased expression of neuronal genes. Here we show that a classical PKCβ isof
This study investigated the changes in the physical activity of Japanese breast cancer survivors during and after the state of emergency declaration (SOED) due to the spread of COVID-19. Participants were survivors of stage I-IIa breast cancer diagnosed between the ages of 18 and 60 years who wore a wearable device (Fitbit Versa) before and after the SOED period. Outcomes included steps per day on
The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the ongoing refugee ‘crisis’ in the EU, arguing that the EU’s approach towards the refugee issue largely speaks for the establishment of a new phase of migration in Europe. As opposed to the previous phase in the aftermath of the Cold War where a common European refugee policy was evident, today, each of the Union’s member-states seems to emphasize on i
BACKGROUND: An increasing incidence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae (PRP) was detected in Malmo in 1994. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clonality and factors facilitating the spread of PRP among children in day-care centers (DCCs). METHODS: We used phenotypic and DNA-fingerprinting methods in conjunction with epidemiologic data from the South Swedish Pneumococcal Intervention Project's in
The COVID-19 pandemic impacted people’s behavior on many levels, one of which is the frequency of commuting and the mode of transportation (MOT) used for it. This case study analyzes mobility behavior during the pandemic of employees commuting to and in Malmö, Sweden, and its predicting factors. A quantitative online survey (n=94) and qualitative semi-structured interviews (n=8) were conducted bas
