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Background Ulcerative colitis is characterized by relapsing mucosal inflammation where the lesions include tissue-damaging granulocytes. In addition, T cells and natural killer (NK) cells play important pathophysiologic roles. Chemokines are a large family of peptides that play key roles in the regulation of inflammation. The CXC-chemokines, growth-related oncogene (GRO)-alpha/CXCL1 and interleuki
Background: Joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is usually evaluated by radiographs of both hands and feet, while the inflammatory status mostly is evaluated by DAS28 which, however, does not include the feet. Objectives: To investigate the distribution of erosions in hands and feet in early RA over 8 years and its potential clinical implications. Furthermore, the group of patients neve
This article analyses the nature of policy debates on financial regulation during the onset of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) by considering three elements that shape them: the salience of the debate, the actors that dominate the debate, and the degree of anti-status quo pressure. Theoretically, it contributes to Culpepper’s quiet/noisy politics framework by clarifying its multidimensionality a
The Silurian was a dynamic time characterized by significant climatic and sea level changes, biotic crises, and carbon cycle volatility. The largest magnitude perturbation to the Silurian global carbon cycle was the mid-Ludfordian carbon isotope excursion, termed the Lau CIE, which was coincident with the Lau/Kozlowskii extinction (LKE). Much of the published research on the late Silurian has desc
Importance: Assessment of the causative association between the COVID-19 and cause of death has been hampered by limited availability of systematically performed autopsies. We aimed to present autopsy-confirmed causes of death in patients who died with COVID-19 and to assess the association between thrombosis and diffuse alveolar damage consistent with COVID-19 (DAD). Methods: Consecutive forensic
BACKGROUND: This aggregated population study investigated the impact of the seemingly quasi-randomly assigned school winter holiday in weeks 6-10 (February to early March) on excess mortality in 219 European regions (11 countries) during the COVID-19 pandemic in the spring 2020. A secondary aim was to evaluate the impact of government responses to the early inflow of infected cases. METHODS: Data
Preventive home visits (PHVs) are offered to older persons with the purpose of promoting health and preventing risks on an individual level. However, aspects of health need to be considered on a societal level as well. This study aims to get a deeper understanding of perceptions of the usability of the information compiled during the PHVs to promote health, among older persons, on a societal level
Preterm birth carries a risk for adverse neurodevelopment. Cognitive dysfunctions, such as language disorders may manifest as atypical sound discrimination already in early infancy. As infant-directed singing has been shown to enhance language acquisition in infants, we examined whether parental singing during skin-to-skin care (kangaroo care) improves speech sound discrimination in preterm infant
The Silurian was a time of major climatic transition punctuated by multiple biotic crises and global carbon cycle perturbations. The most severe of these biotic events was the late Silurian (Ludfordian) Lau/Kozlowskii extinction event (LKE) and the associated Lau carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Although the extinction event and Lau CIE are globally documented, the only records thus far of local an
Background: Advances in perioperative pediatric care have resulted in an increased number of procedures requiring anesthesia. During anesthesia and surgery, the patient is subjected to factors that affect the circulatory homeostasis, which can influence oxygenation of the brain. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is an easy applicable noninvasive method for monitoring of regional tissue oxygenation
Microstructure evolution in thin Cu films during room temperature self-annealing is investigated by means of a mesoscale level set model. The model is formulated such that the relative, or collective, influence of anisotropic grain boundary energy, mobility and heterogeneously distributed stored energy can be investigated. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed in the present w
In the literature, there are several different suggestions as to when the first postoperative pin-site care should be carried out to best prevent pin-site infections during the treatment by external fixation. In a cohort study, we compared the use of antibiotics and complications in patients where the theatre dressing was changed during the first postoperative week with patients where the theatre
INTRODUCTION. Prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with manual chest compressions (CC) during simultaneous percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is exceedingly difficult, with high mortality rates. The use of a mechanical CC (MCC) device can overcome the ordeal of manual CC. The aims of this thesis were to investigate the impact of the introduction of the LUCAS™ MCC device in the cath-
Background Individuals with Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury often show altered movement patterns, suggested to be partly due to impaired sensorimotor control. Here, we therefore aimed to assess muscular activity during movements often used in ACL-rehabilitation and to characterize associations between deviations in muscular activity and specific altered movement patterns, using and further
Many children and adolescents with hearing impairment struggle to meet school demands. The difficulties can be traced to the characteristics of the hearing impairment, and to adverse consequences on language development, often overlooked in diagnostics and intervention. This thesis investigates the communicative ability of children and adolescents with bilateral sensorineural hearing impairment by
In recent years, negative attitudes towards migrants and refugees increased through the rise of right-wing and populist sentiments across Europe. The regional dynamics and the latest developments in the Middle East region prepared ground for the growth of far-right politicians of Europe. The dominant anti-immigration atmosphere in European countries changed the positive atmosphere to a negative at
Citizens of the member states of the EU generally lack knowledge about the EU. This gives the media an important role in shaping public opinion. Media ascribing attributes to a subject of public discussion, is referred to as second level agenda setting. One recurring critique against the EU is its lack of democracy. In the scholarly debate, this phenomenon has been labelled the democratic deficit
Plants can benefit from the naturally occurring plant-microbe interactions in the rhizosphere. Understanding the mechanisms driving these beneficial interactions can improve plant development and resilience. Here, it was attempted to use a Synthetic Community (SynCom) to rescue the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana plants during iron deficiency stress. This stress is caused by the bio-un-availability
Bolivia has experienced a drastic decline in inequality and poverty since 2000. It coincided with the administrative period of Evo Morales between 2006 and 2019. Hence, it is debated whether poverty reduction was mainly driven by economic growth alongside the commodity boom in the 2000s or by policy implementations during Morales’s presidency. This study addresses the research question: “How and w
