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Importance: Since 2004-2007, national guidelines and recommendations have been developed for the management of extremely preterm births in Sweden. If and how more uniform management has affected infant survival is unknown. Objective: To compare survival of extremely preterm infants born during 2004-2007 with survival of infants born during 2014-2016. Design, Setting and Participants: All births at
This study focuses on sulphurous and carbonaceous aerosol, the major constituents of particulate matter in the lowermost stratosphere (LMS), based on in situ measurements from 1999 to 2008. Aerosol particles in the size range of 0.082 mm were collected monthly during intercontinental flights with the CARIBIC passenger aircraft, presenting the first long-term study on carbonaceous aerosol in the LM
Complete endovascular arch replacement by in situ fenestration technique requires maintenance of cerebral perfusion during the fenestration procedure by an extracorporeal femoral-carotid bypass. The bypass has the disadvantages of being invasive, requiring a pump and shunting blood extracorporeally. This report describes bench testing and an in vivo experimental animal setup with an endovascular,
OBJECTIVES: Under physiological conditions the blood flow velocity waveform in the umbilical vein (UV) has an even non-pulsating pattern. Pulsations in the UV have been described in human fetuses exposed to chronic hypoxia and heart failure. Current techniques for fetal surveillance during labor and delivery involve a risk of both over- and underestimation of fetal hypoxia. We aimed to examine whe
The aim of this thesis is to study early life risk exposures in relation to adult health and mortality in Sweden during 250 years. A number of causal mechanisms by which exposure to diseases and stressful economic and social conditions early in life may lead to increased morbidity and mortality later in life are discussed (paper I). The early life exposures investigated are the foetal origins (nut
Abstract: The time course for the ischemia‐induced changes in the subcellular distribution of protein kinase C (PKC) (α), (β311). and (γ) and the activity of PKC were studied in the neocortex of rats subjected to 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 15 min of global cerebral ischemia. In the particulate fraction, a 14‐fold increase in PKC (γ) levels was seen at 3 min of ischemia, which further increased at 5–15 m
Although extensively studied (and of large importance for food processing) there is still no general consensus on the time-dependent convective heat transfer coefficient (h) in immersion frying – reported values differ by orders of magnitude (4–7000 W m−2 K−1). Moreover, none of the many methods suggested have become a generally agreed upon standard. This study uses the general uncertainty managem
Telomeres integrity is indispensable for chromosomal stability by preventing chromosome erosion and end-to-end fusions. During meiosis, telomeres attach to the inner nuclear envelope and cluster into a highly crowded microenvironment at the bouquet stage, which requires specific mechanisms to protect the telomeres from fusion. Here, we demonstrate that germ cell-specific knockout of a shelterin co
Right-wing populist parties are on the rise all over Europe. While academia pays a lot of attention to well-established populist parties in France, Austria and Italy, new competitors such as the Alternative für Deutschland (AfD) in Germany are mostly disregarded. Specifically, the impact those new parties have before entering power on a federal level has been neglected. The present research concen
Background. Lower tract respiratory infections are one of the most prevalent health problems worldwide. Influenza A is a main contributor to these infections, and infants are one of the risk groups for infection and developing serious lower respiratory tract complications. Better treatment for infants is needed, but little is known about the immune response that occurs in the lungs during infectio
Peak aerobic power in humans ((V) over dot(O2), peak) is markedly affected by inspired O-2 tension (F-IO2). The question to be answered in this study is what factor plays a major role in the limitation of muscle peak. (V) over dot(O2) in hypoxia: arterial O-2 partial pressure (P-a,(O2)) or O-2 content (C-a,C-O2)? Thus, cardiac output (dye dilution with Cardio-green), leg blood flow (thermodilution
Patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury often exhibit reduced movement quality during functional tasks in the form of a knee-medial-to-foot position (KMFP). This movement pattern is suggested to be more common in women than in men, but the possible contributing sensorimotor factors for this altered knee position are poorly studied in these patients. The aim of this study was to evalu
his work examines the contemporaneous Swedish experience from participation in the United Nations operation in the Congo, ONUC, from 1960 to 1964. Inspired by Carl von Clausewitz’s understanding of war as a trinity consisting of three ‘nodes’: the political authority, the people and the military, this study focuses on the ONUC experience as described by the government in Sweden, leading Swedish ne
We have performed a quantitative structure determination of the (root 5 x root 5) R27 degrees surface oxide, formed on Pd(100) under semi-realistic conditions for catalytic CO oxidation, using in situ high-energy surface X-ray diffraction. We describe the experiment and the extraction of quantitative data in detail. The structural results are in agreement with previous reports of a system consisti
In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a scientific interest in how certain measures of disease control, such as lockdowns, affects different individuals and different communities. Through a queer-phenomenological approach, the purpose of the study is to offer queer insights of lockdown as a measure of disease control by exploring how queer people in London orientate and experienc
Changing environmental conditions can generate physiological stress in birds, which subsequently can lead to the development of an altered diet. In addition to their energetic properties, dietary fatty acids (FAs) have been linked to several important physiological processes in birds, but still the knowledge of their effect on avian ecology is limited. In this study, I examine the fatty acid compo
E-health services are critical for improving the quality of life and accessibility of healthcare. There have been multiple developments within e-health services, but the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a significant increase in the use of these services, which led to faster diffusion of e-health services. A qualitative study was conducted to examine how the Swedish public healthcare syste
