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Study region: The Limpopo River Basin (LRB) is a transboundary catchment in Southern Africa, shared by South Africa, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique. The basin is increasingly affected by climate variability, land-use change, and rapid population growth, with the Chókwe floodplain in Mozambique representing a hotspot of socio-economic vulnerability to floods. Study focus: This study applies the

Pathogenic bacterial infections lead to bacterial resistance and biofilm formation, causing significant suffering and presenting an urgent issue to be addressed. Polymer materials have garnered considerable attention in the antibacterial field due to their functional moldability and molecular structure designability. These materials can achieve various antibacterial functions by regulating their m

Brake particle emissions present significant risks to human health, particularly when they contain metallic fine particles, which can induce oxidative stress, disrupt cellular structures, and cause genetic damage. In this study, an alumina coating was deposited on cast iron discs and a non-asbestos organic (NAO) pad and a low-metallic (LM) pad (as reference) were used as counterparts of the brake

Background: Microscopic colitis (MC) is characterized by non-bloody, watery diarrhea predominantly in elderly women. Known risk factors are smoking, medication with NSAIDs, PPIs or SSRIs, while data on hormonal factors is sparse. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether hormonal factors that disrupt the sex hormonal balance could have an impact on the disease course in MC. Methods:

We theoretically investigate the properties of ultracold dipolar atoms in radially coupled, concentric annular traps created by a potential barrier. The nonrotating ground-state phases are investigated across the superfluid-supersolid phase transition, revealing a particle imbalance between the two rings and a preferential density modulation in the outer ring in the absence of rotation. Near the p

Background: Evidence is limited on whether alterations in diabetes-related health parameters are detectable before clinical diagnosis in novel diabetes subtypes. We investigated trajectories of diabetes-related health parameters in individuals with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: Using data from the Stockholm Diabetes Prevention Programme cohort (SDPP) participants (n = 215) wit

Epitaxial shell is vital for enhancing the optoelectronic performance of semiconductor quantum dots (QDs), especially for the wide bandgap blue QDs, yet the shell crystal structure's impact on thermal stability and photophysical behavior remains unexplored. It is reported that the ligand-directed synthesis of ZnS shells with zinc blende (ZB) or wurtzite (WZ) structure on blue WZ CdZnS cores, where

Early life air pollution exposure may play a role in development of respiratory infections, but underlying mechanisms are still not understood. We utilized data from two independent prospective birth cohorts to investigate the influence of prenatal and postnatal ambient air pollution exposure of PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 on maternal and child proteomic profiles and the risk of daily diary-registered com

Importance: Prenatal intensive behavioral therapy (IBT) interventions that promote adequate gestational weight gain (GWG) have had variable and mostly modest effects on clinically relevant maternal and infant outcomes. It is unknown whether different maternal obesity metabolic phenotypes underlie the heterogeneity in response. Objective: To examine GWG, adverse perinatal outcomes, substrate change

Quantum instruments describe both the classical outcome and the updated state associated with a quantum measurement. We ask whether these processes can be simulated using only a natural subset of resources, namely projective measurements on the system and quantum processing of the postmeasurement states. We show that the simulability of instruments can be connected to an entanglement classificatio

Introduction: Myocarditis is a complex cardiac disorder with multifactorial etiology, characterized by myocardial inflammation, cardiomyocyte damage, and fibrosis. Left untreated, myocarditis may lead to acute and chronic heart failure and life-threatening arrhythmias. Reliable experimental models of myocarditis are required to study the underlying pathological mechanisms of the disease and to dev

Background: Autoantibodies against β-cell components in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans are characteristic of type 1 diabetes (T1D). The genetic and autoimmune determinants of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Ethiopians are not yet thoroughly characterized, with studies indicating a lower occurrence of autoantibodies related to T1D compared to Caucasians. The study aimed to determine the occurrence of

The concept of scattering contrast is central to (small-angle) scattering of neutrons, X-rays, and visible light, as it defines the visibility to the radiation of the nano- and mesostructures under scrutiny, in their respective solvent or matrix. In this chapter, we start with the scattering process by elementary scatterers, such as nuclei or atoms, which produce secondary, scattered waves, and th

Objective: Drug-coated balloons (DCB) might improve the results of below the knee (BTK) angioplasty, but sufficient randomized data comparing DCB and conventional angioplasty in treating patients with chronic limb threatening ischemia (CLTI) are lacking. This study aimed to perform a randomized comparison between a paclitaxel-coated angioplasty balloon catheter and a conventional balloon angioplas

Air pollution is increasingly discussed as a risk factor for dementia, but the biological mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Biological markers like telomere length are relevant to study with air pollution, as they are associated with aging and dementia. The study aimed to investigate the relationship between source-specific air pollution exposure and telomere length in a low-level air pollu

Entanglement has the ability to enhance the transmission of classical information over a quantum channel. However, fully harvesting this advantage typically requires complex entangling measurements, which are challenging to implement and scale with the system's size. In this Letter, we consider a natural quantum information primitive known as a random access code in which the message to be communi

Introduction: Prenatal exposure to inflammatory states has been suggested to influence offspring neurodevelopment. The aim was to investigate if offspring exposure to maternal Inflammatory bowel disorder (IBD), or specifically the IBD disorder Crohn's disease, during gestation is associated with neurodevelopmental or psychiatric disorders in childhood. Material and Methods: We conducted a populati