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An efficient method is proposed for the evaluation of the absorption and the transport scattering coefficients from a time-resolved reflectance or transmittance distribution. The procedure is based on a library of Monte Carlo simulations and is fast enough to be used in a nonlinear fitting algorithm. Tests performed against both Monte Carlo simulations and experimental measurements on tissue phant
Proteomic-based studies of nasal lavage fluid (NLF) may identify molecular pathways associated with disease pathology and new biomarker candidates of upper airway diseases. However, most studies have used rather tedious untargeted MS techniques. Selected reaction monitoring (SRM) is a sensitive and specific technique that can be used with high throughput. In this study, we developed a semiquantita
A de novo alpha-synuclein A53T (p.Ala53 Th; c.209G > A) mutation has been identified in a Swedish family with autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD). Two affected individuals had early-onset (before 31 and 40 years), severe levodopa-responsive PD with prominent dysphasia, dysarthria, and cognitive decline. Longitudinal clinical follow-up, EEG, SPECT and CSF biomarker examinations suggested an
Objective: The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) is used to identify patients at high risk for aortic valve replacement (AVR) in whom alternative procedures, such as trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), may be appropriate. The aim of the present study was to calibrate and validate the EuroSCORE for different cardiac surgery procedures to improve patient
We present a new, to our knowledge, method for extracting optical properties from integrating sphere measurements on thin biological samples. The method is based on multivariate calibration techniques involving Monte Carlo simulations, multiple polynomial regression, and a Newton-Raphson algorithm for solving nonlinear equation systems. Prediction tests with simulated data showed that the mean rel
The central complement inhibitor factor I (FI) degrades activated complement factors C4b and C3b in the presence of cofactors such as C4b-binding protein, factor H, complement receptor 1 and membrane cofactor protein. FI is a serine protease composed of two chains; the light chain comprises the serine protease domain, while the heavy chain contains several domains: the FI and membrane attack compl
Using the metrics of channel capacity and multiplexing efficiency, the adaptive impedance matching (AIM) performances of two multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) terminals with different antenna designs were evaluated and compared. The evaluation was performed in LTE Band 18 Downlink (860-875 MHz) under realistic usage conditions of two measured user handgrips and simulated propagation channels w
The single-aliquot regenerative-dose (SAR) protocols used in retrospective dosimetry for optically stimulated luminescence measurements have been mainly developed for archaeological and geological dating of quartz and feldspar. The aim in this study is to find a read-out protocol that can generate the most reproducible signal for household salt (NaCl) at absorbed doses below 100 mGy. The relation
Pheromones are central to the mating systems of a wide range of organisms, and reproductive isolation between closely related species is often achieved by subtle differences in pheromone composition. In insects and moths in particular, the use of structurally similar components in different blend ratios is usually sufficient to impede gene flow between taxa. To date, the genetic changes associated
Children born after assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have an increased morbidity. The risk of developing cerebral palsy is nearly doubled and the risk of developing epilepsy is also higher. Behavioural problems including attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder may be more common in children born following ART than among naturally conceived children but the finding is uncertain. Data on au
Betatron x-ray emission in laser plasma accelerators is a promising compact source that may be an alternative to conventional x-ray sources, based on large scale machines. In addition to its potential as a source, precise measurements of betatron emission can reveal crucial information about relativistic laser-plasma interaction. We show that the emission length and the position of the x-ray emiss
The use of bibliometric indicators on individual and national levels has gathered considerable interest in recent years, but the application of bibliometric models for allocating resources at the institutional level has so far gathered less attention. This article studies the implementation of bibliometric measures for allocating resources at Swedish universities. Several models and indicators bas
Objective: This report examines the foundation of β-cell failure in type 2 diabetes and suggests areas for future research on the underlying mechanisms that may lead to improved prevention and treatment. Participants: A group of experts participated in a conference on October 14-16, 2013 cosponsored by The Endocrine Society and the American Diabetes Association. A writing group prepared this summa
This paper explores the value of judiciously used L1-to-L2 translation in meaning-focused, advanced-level academic language (L2) education. It examines the teacher-led discourse (TLD) arising when translation tasks were used and compares it to the TLD engendered when four other grammar-focused tasks were used with three different groups of students within a functioning university course in English
Inhibition of host-encoded targets, such as the cyclophilins, provides an opportunity to generate potent high barrier to resistance antivirals for the treatment of a broad range of viral diseases. However, many host-targeted agents are natural products, which can be difficult to optimize using synthetic chemistry alone. We describe the orthogonal combination of bioengineering and semisynthetic che
