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Catalysis is one of the few scientific concepts that has entered common parlance. To laymen catalysts simply speed up processes, but to a chemist they are much more interesting and complex. Catalysis offers the possibility to accomplish chemical reactions in a targeted manner with the least expenditure of energy and material. Given the increasing scarcity of resources, catalysts have become relevaThis thesis deals with the design and synthesis of rhodium and iridium bis-η2 diolefin catalysts and their applications in C–C bond formation and asymmetric catalysis.More specifically, the second chapter describes the development of inter- and intramolecular (5+2) cycloadditions catalyzed by cationic iridium(I) complexes that lead to the formation of seven-membered rings in a single step. DFT was

Glass has been overwhelmingly used for windows and facades in modern constructions, for many practical reasons, including thermal, energy, light and aesthetics. Nevertheless, due to the relatively low tensile strength and mostly brittle behaviour of glass, compared to other traditional materials, as well as to a multitude of interacting structural and non-structural components, windows/facades are

After the restoration of independence in 1991, Estonia continued with a parallel school system with separate public schools operating for Russian- and Estonian-speaking children. Seen as a developmental ‘growing pains’ of a transitional state, dur- ing the last 27 years the separate school system has contributed to infrastructural difficulties, educational injustice, and societal segregation. This

This thesis investigates the possibility of the mediated city providing a space for resistance in everyday life in a society where free speech channels are strictly controlled. The case studied in this thesis is the phenomenon of a group of fans of a singer who has been banned by the government in mainland China writing graffiti in public urban space on Rehe Road in Nanjing to express their love a

Several organic cations, such as guanidino compounds and polyamines, have been found to accumulate in plasma of patients with kidney failure due to inadequate renal clearance. Here, we studied the interaction of cationic uremic toxins with renal organic cation transport in a conditionally immortalized human proximal tubule epithelial cell line (ciPTEC). Transporter activity was measured and valida

Det fjärde globala målet i 2030 års agenda för hållbar utveckling handlar om God utbildning för alla och syftar till att "säkerställa en inkluderande och likvärdig utbildning av god kvalitet och främja livslångt lärande för alla". Globalt sett ökar antalet studenter vid universitet och högskolor. Dock ligger regionen söder om Sahara långt efter och har med sina 9% den lägsta bruttoinskriThe fourth goal of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development regards Quality education, aiming to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all". Globally, enrollment in university education is increasing. However, the sub-Saharan Africa region is lacking behind and with 9% it has the lowest global gross enrollment rate (GER). Low inco

Digitalization offers unprecedented opportunities for entrepreneurial small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, many entrepreneurial SMEs lack resources and capabilities or suffer from inertia, which hampers these opportunities. This study investigates how entrepreneurial SMEs can enhance performance through digital platforms. Specifically, the study examines the effect of digital platfo