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BACKGROUND: The role of sleeping problems in the causal pathway between job strain and musculoskeletal pain is not clear. Purpose: To investigate the impact of sleeping problems and job strain on the one-year risk for neck, shoulder, and lumbar pain. METHOD: A prospective study, using self-administered questionnaires, of a healthy cohort of 4,140 vocationally active persons ages 45-64, residing in
BACKGROUND: Social epidemiology investigates both individuals and their collectives. While the limits that define the individual bodies are very apparent, the collective body's geographical or cultural limits (e.g., "neighbourhood") are more difficult to discern. Also, epidemiologists normally investigate causation as changes in group means. However, many variables of interest in epidemiology may
We conceptualize social capital as an aggregate factor affecting health production and analyze the effect of community social capital (CSC) externalities on individual mortality risk in Sweden. The study was based on a random sample from the adult Swedish population of approximately 95,000 individuals who were followed up for 4-21 years. Two municipality-level variables - registered election parti
This dissertation examines various aspects of mobility during the closing decades of the nineteenth century in Sweden. In terms of the pace and magnitude of the changes taking place during this industrial breakthrough, no other period in Swedish history compares. By studying three aspects of mobility: firm entry and exit, migration and social mobility, this dissertation provides new insights on th
IT procurement represents a business process of high importance, including the ability to articulate requirements that the procurement deals with. Furthermore, specifying requirements is of importance for both procurer and potential supplier, as it functions as central contractual element between the two. The purpose of this article is two-fold: (i) to show how established terminology for requirem
As legislators and platforms tackle the challenge of suppressing hate speech online, questions about its definition remain unresolved. In this review we discuss three issues: What are the main challenges encountered when defining hate speech? What alternatives are there for the definition of hate speech? What is the relationship between the nature and scope of the definition and its operationabili
Antibiotikaresistens har länge utgjort en växande fara som innebär att enkla infektioner inte längre går att behandla. För att genomföra de nödvändiga förändringarna måste de mer välbeställda länderna bära en större del av bördan och kostnaderna än fattigare länder. Ett solidariskt förhållningssätt understryker vårt ömsesidiga beroende av varandra. Det ökar också möjligheten att antibiotika kommer
Research on what makes people walk/cycle for tourism is significantly understudied in relation to smart app use among Asians. To bridge this gap, this work proposes and verifies an integrated research framework that includes environment and health factors, along with heavy versus non-heavy users of smart apps based on PLS-SEM and fsQCA. Public health has a positively significant impact on behavior
People across the world and throughout history have gone to great lengths to enhance their physical appearance. Evolutionary psychologists and ethologists have largely attempted to explain this phenomenon via mating preferences and strategies. Here, we test one of the most popular evolutionary hypotheses for beauty-enhancing behaviors, drawn from mating market and parasite stress perspectives, in
Background: Measuring multiple and higher-order interaction effects between multiple categorical variables proves challenging. Objectives: To illustrate a multilevel modelling approach to studying complex interactions. Methods: We apply a two-level random-intercept linear regression to a binary outcome for individuals (level-1) nested within strata (level-2) defined by all observed combinations of
Although financial stressors are implicated as risk factors for suicidal behavior, these associations might be confounded by other factors. Furthermore, a move toward high-risk subgroup definition is necessary. The authors used Swedish national registry data to examine the associations between receipt of social welfare, unemployment benefits, or early retirement (N = 627,745-2,260,753) with suicid
Most agricultural and food policies often overlook diversity of farming households, resulting in generalized and ineffective interventions. Recognizing changing and diverse characteristics of farm types is therefore critical. Using data from 502 households in West Pokot County, Kenya, we employ principal component and cluster analyses to create farm typologies to guide targeted policy intervention
Background: Access to safe and reliable water and sanitation remains a critical public health and development challenge, with rural and low-income communities being disproportionately affected by inadequate services and heightened exposure to waterborne diseases. Despite global efforts and infrastructure-based progress indicators, significant disparities persist, and these often overlook users’ pe
This study examines whether unstructured and structured activities interact in their association with delinquency and cannabis use. We hypothesize that unstructured activities are more strongly associated with delinquency and cannabis use for those who are less engaged in structured activities. Data are drawn from three nationally representative self-report studies conducted between 2005 and 2011
Purpose: To analyse risk of osteoporotic fractures in foreign-born individuals migrating to Sweden at different ages, compared to Swedish-born individuals. Methods: This was a nationwide open cohort study including individuals ≥30 years of age at baseline (N = 4,715,081). Foreign-born individuals were divided as having arrived to and being registered in Sweden from the ages 0–30 years of age or >3
Carbon farming is increasingly promoted as a strategy to achieve net-zero climate targets. This paper examines voluntary carbon market programmes through a global inventory and discourse analysis to identify key actors and how they frame and implement carbon farming. Findings show that agri-chemical firms, agri-tech companies, and new carbon farming startups mainly target large-scale farmers in th
Tattoo ink on the European market has been reported to contain many human toxicants, which has raised concerns about health effects. Clarifying the exposure distribution in the population is key to understanding potential public health implications. We investigated the prevalence of tattoos in a population-based Swedish cohort of 13 046 individuals aged 20–68 years with exposure data collected thr
This study investigates the influential challenges that startups face within business incubators, specifically from entrepreneur’s perspective. While incubators provide crucial support for early-stage ventures, startups even within these supportive settings often encounter significant challenges that can hinder their growth and success. The study employed an integrated approach of literature revie
