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Did economic and political inequality hamper the spread of mass schooling in the 19th century? This paper analyzes the link between investments in primary schooling and the spread of voting rights in 19th-century Sweden using newly collected data on educational expenditure and the distribution of voting rights in local governments. We find that municipalities governed by local elites spent substan

Societal and technological transformation in the face of climate change will be won or lost in our cities and urban communities. This is not just because of the global urban demographic shift with more than 50 percent of the population now living in urban conditions, or because cities contribute around 70 to 80 percent of greenhouse gas emissions, but it is as much to do with the growing economic

The surrounding climate gives temperature variations in both time and space for concrete structures. Due to external and internal restraints thermal strains and stresses may develop in the structure and these stresses can contribute to cracking. This will affect the performance of the structure. To predict the dynamic thermal conditions in concrete structures a finite element model has been develo

Emergence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) populations that switch or broaden coreceptor usage from CCR5 to CXCR4 is intimately coupled to CD4(+) cell depletion and disease progression toward AIDS. To better understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the coreceptor switch, we determined the nucleotide sequences of 253 V1 to V3 env clones from 27 sequential HIV-1 subtype B isolat

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the cause of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix. This causative relationship has provided the rationale and incentive for development of a prophylactic vaccine. Such a vaccine, if found to be effective, could reduce the need for cervical cancer screening and have a profound effect on the incidence of cervical and other anogenital cancers. This rev

Popular Abstract in Swedish Vad har den slaviskt inspirerade östersjökeramiken som arkeologer finner i Skandinavien med slaver att göra? Levde de som gäster i huset? Vikingen och hanseaten har sedan länge sina platser inbokade på den historiska scenen. Under äldre medeltid rörde sig även andra aktörer över Östersjöns vatten. Främmande gäster besökte och bosatte sig i Skandinavien. Bland dem fanns Scholarly texts on Slavic-Scandinavian relations have concentrated on two main areas of interest. During the Viking Age the economic and social contacts between the lake Mälaren district and Rus’ were extensive. However, at the beginning of the Middle Ages, political antagonism between the two expanding realms of the Svear and the Novgorodians is noticeable. In southern Scandinavia, the hostility

Objective: To determine whether TNF blockers increase tumour risk in patients with RA. Material and methods: The South Swedish Arthritis Treatment Group register (SSATG) comprises over 90% of anti-TNF treated patients with RA in the area. 757 patients treated with etanercept or infliximab included between 1 February 1999 and 31 December 2002 were identified. 800 patients with conventional antirheu

Purpose: A stagnant Cuban economy, state owned and operated businesses, as well as a general public desire for change to happen in the country, present themselves as a matter that should be addressed. The opening up of the private economic sector within a communist regime proves as an interesting topic, and allows for an architectural interpretation to be made. Assignment: Given the economic an

Urban areas adjacent to surface water are exposed to soil movements such as erosion and slope failures (landslides). A landslide is a potential mechanism for mobilisation and spreading of pollutants. This mechanism is in general not included in environmental risk assessments for contaminated sites, and the consequences associated with contamination in the soil are typically not considered in lands

The mineral dust cycle responds to climate variations and plays an important role in the climate system by affecting the radiative balance of the atmosphere and modifying biogeochemistry. Polar ice cores provide unique information about deposition of aeolian dust particles transported over long distances. These cores are a palaeoclimate proxy archive of climate variability thousands of years ago.

This study investigated the impact of being in family foster care on selected health determinants and participation in Child Health Services.

Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is one of the main aetiologies of childhood bacterial infections as well as exacerbations in COPD patients. Currently, no licensed NTHi vaccine exists. In the present study, we evaluated the potential of the conserved and ubiquitous surface protein Haemophilus Protein F (PF) as a vaccine candidate. Our results show that incubation of NTHi with anti-PF anti

This exploratory research addresses a significant gap in feminist, cultural, and digital geographies by examining the geographic variations of how hegemonic masculinity, hetero(homo)normativity and discrimination is exhibited by MSM dating apps users in two distinct city contexts. Drawing from a post-structuralist humanistic perspective, the study explores how dominant ideologies shape exclusionar

Internationally comparable quality assurance of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) DNA detection and typing methods is essential for evaluation of HPV vaccines and effective monitoring and implementation of HPV vaccination programs. Therefore, the World Health Organisation (WHO) HPV Laboratory Network (LabNet) designed an international proficiency study. Following announcement at the WHO website, respondi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling handlar om kvinnor och ekonomisk förändring i Sverige under 1900-talet. Den centrala frågeställningen är hur kvinnors förändrade utbildning och arbetsmarknadsdeltagande har påverkat och samvarierat med fertilitet över tid. Även om många idag anser Sverige vara ett jämställt land där män och kvinnor har lika möjligheter, fortsätter traditionella könsrollThis book deals with women and socioeconomic change in twentieth century Sweden. The main focus is on how women’s education and labor force participation have affected fertility over time. Although many perceive Sweden as a country where men and women have equal opportunities, traditional gender roles continue to constrain male and female activities and opportunities. The gender division of labor