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East African landscapes today are the result of the cumulative effects of climate and land-use change over millennial timescales. In this review, we compile archaeological and palaeoenvironmental data from East Africa to document land-cover change, and environmental, subsistence and land-use transitions, over the past 6000 years. Throughout East Africa there have been a series of relatively rapid

BACKGROUND: Cancer occurrence among older people with intellectual disability (ID) is poorly documented, so we investigated the frequency and distribution of cancer in older people with ID compared with the general population.METHOD: People with ID who were ≥55years old and alive at the end of 2012 (n = 7936; ID cohort) were identified through a national register of people with ID who received soc

Precipitation extremes and their underlying causes are important processes to understand to plan appropriate adaptation measures. This paper presents an analysis of the spatiotemporal variability and trend of precipitation extremes in the important source region of the Yellow River and explores the connection to global teleconnection patterns and the 850-mb vector wind. Six indices for precipitati

The search for mates and food is mediated by volatile chemicals. Insects sense food odorants and sex pheromones through odorant receptors (ORs) and pheromone receptors (PRs), which are expressed in olfactory sensory neurons. Molecular phylogenetics of ORs, informed by behavioral and functional data, generates sound hypotheses for the identification of semiochemicals driving olfactory behavior. Stu

Railway tracks are complex systems, made up numerous critical components such as rails, sleepers/ties, fasteners, ballast, joints, crossings, switches, that require regular monitoring in order to ensure track safety and optimize track efficiency. Many large railways make use of expensive Track Geometry Cars in order to measure railway asset condition through the measurement of rail geometry (gauge

The sustainable development of cities is threatened by a worldwide water crisis, which puts urban water services (including drinking water, sanitation, and drainage) at increasing risk. Despite a shared understanding of the importance of addressing the issue, there is a peculiar lack of action and resistance at all levels. To make matters worse, risk reduction and resilience building measures seem

Background: It is known that healthcare providers might be affected by severe medical events in which patients are badly hurt. In birth care, escalating situations can result in death or injury to a mother or new-born child. Objective: To explore the process that Swedish midwives and obstetricians go through after a severe event in the maternity unit. Design: A modified Constructivist Grounded The

It is well known that certain cancers have shown clusteringin educational and socioeconomic groups, but recent comprehensive data on clustering by education are limited. We determined standardized incidence ratios (SIRs), adjusted for several variables, for cancer among men and women in six educational groups based on the Swedish Family-Cancer Database. People were identified with a certain educat

Climate change affects organisms worldwide with profound ecological and evolutionary consequences, often increasing population extinction risk. Climatic factors can increase the strength, variability, or direction of natural selection on phenotypic traits, potentially driving adaptive evolution. Phenotypic plasticity in relation to temperature can allow organisms to maintain fitness in response to

Introduction Studies about machinery equipment investment have a long tradition in economics and economic history. Since the analysis of the Industrial Revolution and the growth studies of the twentieth century, there are indications that economic growth of countries has a strong nexus with investment in capital formation and speci cally, with the machinery equipment investment. However, in the ca

Gliomas in the form of astrocytomas, anaplastic astrocytomas and glioblastomas are the most common brain tumors in humans. Early detection of these cancers is crucial for successful treatment. Proteomics promises the discovery of biomarkers and tumor markers for early detection and diagnosis. In the current study, a differential gel electrophoresis technology coupled with matrix-assisted laser des

History and archaeology have a well-established engagement with issues of premodern societal development and the interaction between physical and cultural environments; together, they offer a holistic view that can generate insights into the nature of cultural resilience and adaptation, as well as responses to catastrophe. Grasping the challenges that climate change presents and evolving appropria

Several scholars from various theoretical perspectives have proposed pieces of the peace puzzle. As scholars fit together the sometimes disparate pieces of this puzzle, the missing pieces become more visible, and gender is among them. While gender studies, feminist international relations (IR) scholars, and peace and conflict researchers informed by a gender perspective have contributed to this pu

A novel Stacked Multi-Level (SML) modulator topology optimized for long pulse and high average power applications has been developed at ESS. It utilizes six identical modules connected in series at the HV output side and fed in parallel from the low voltage side. Each one is formed by one HF inverter, one step-up transformer, one HV rectifier bridge and one HV passive filter. They are supplied, in